Exam 4: Urinary System

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Which structure(s) is/are confined to the renal medulla?

The thin segments of the nephron loop (loop of Henle.)

T/F: The internal urethral sphincter is composed of smooth muscle and is under involuntary control.

True

T/F: Urine flows from the kidney to the bladder by gravity and peristalsis.

True

Ladderlike looping blood vessels within the medulla.

Vasa Recta

Which of the following is not normally found in urine?

glucose

blood vessels that absorb solutes from the convoluted tubules.

peritubular capillaries

The oblique entry of the ureters into the bladder __________.

prevents backflow of urine into the ureters from the urinary bladder

Which section of the renal tubule is most active in secretion and resorption? What type of epithelium is located in this region?

proximal convoluted tubule; simple cuboidal epithelium with long microvilli

Where does the kidney filter the blood?

renal corpuscle

Where does filtration of the blood occur within the kidneys?

renal cortex

Where are the renal columns located?

renal medulla

Before it enters the ureter, urine collects in the

renal pelvis

The region in the urinary bladder, defined by the openings of the ureters and the urethra, is called the__________ .

trigone

Identify the correct direction of urine flow from formation to exiting the kidney.

Cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, ureter

When full, an adult urinary bladder contains about __________ of urine.

500 ml

Eventually, throughout the uriniferous tubules, about__________ % of fluid is resorbed into the blood

99

Where does blood flow immediately after it leaves the glomerulus in the renal corpuscle?

efferent arteriole

T/F: A network of peritubular capillaries surrounds the convoluted tubules and nephron loop for the purpose of filtration.

False

Where does the ureter penetrate the kidney?

Hilum

The external urethral sphincter is located

at the urogenital diaphragm.

Which of the following portions of the nephron is found in both the renal cortex and medulla?

collecting duct

The function of the collecting duct is to

determine the final volume and concentration of urine.

Contraction of the bladder's__________ muscle squeezes urine from the bladder during urination.

detrusor

Which urethral sphincter is innervated by somatic (voluntary) motor neurons?

external urethral sphincter

Name the strong transparent covering that encases the kidney. -strong dense connective tissue

fiborous capsule

Which vessels in the nephron function in filtration?

glomerular capsule

The microvilli along the luminal surface of the proximal convoluted tubule __________.

increase the total surface area of proximal convoluted tubules and maximize their capacity for resorbing water, ions, and solute from the filtrate


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