Exam 5 Review Blood

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The average functional lifespan of a RBC is

100-120days

Normal whole blood contains _____g of hemoglobin per 100 mL

12-18g

Blood normally clots in approximately

3 to 6 minutes

There are an average of _____ WBC's per cublic millimeter in whole blood

4000-11,000

The normal number of erythrocytes in a cubic millimeter of blood is approximately

5 million

Normal blood pH falls in the range between____________to________

7.35-7.45

Blood type A carrier the ____ antigen

A

THe universal recipient has blood type

AB

The blood type that contains antigens A and B is

AB

The rarest blood type in the US is

AB

The plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.

Albumin

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood types

B, O-

Which type of leukocytes contains heparin, and anitcoagulant?

Basophil

Which blood type can a person with blood type O recieve

Blood type O

Which of these blood types carries no antigens

Blood type O

The movement of WBC's to areas of inflammation in response to chemical mediators is called

Chemotaxis (pg. 345)

Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipients serum is called

Cross matching

The process by which WBCs are able to easily slip in and out of blood vessels is called

Diapedesis

The process by which white blood cells travel through the wall of blood vessels is termed _______

Diapedesis

Type of cell produced in response to erythropoietin

Erythrocyte

Anemias appearing in old age result from all of the following EXCEPT

Erythrocyte mutations. it DOES happen because of nutritional deficienies, drug therapy, leukemia, vitamin dificiencies

Most common type of blood cell

Erythrocytes

Type of cell that contains hemoglobin for gas transport

Erythrocytes

Type of cell that transports carbon dioxide

Erythrocytes

Which of the following formed elements is the most abundant

Erythrocytes

The anucleate cells that function to transport oxygen to the body's cells are called

Erythrocytes (RBC)

The hormone that regulates the rate of erythroctye production is called

Erythropoietin (pg 348)

The temperature of blood is slightly lower than body temperature T or F

False

A _______ clot is formed during the process of hemostasis.

Fibrin

Blood cell formation is called_____ and occurs in the red bone marrow.

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation within the red marrow of bones is called

Hematopoiesis

The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's RBC's is called

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (pg 354)

Which of the following does NOT describe blood plasma

It is NOT the color of red wine. It does contain plasma proteins, metal oins (salts), its pH is 7.35-7.45 , it contains hormones

Which of the following is not a type of red blood cell disorder?

Leukemia is not. The following are Aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, pernicious anemia, polycythemia

Alternative name for white blood cells

Leukocytes

Excess number of these cells cause Leukocytosis

Leukocytes

Type of cell that contains a nucleus and organelles

Leukocytes

White blood cells are also called

Leukocytes

In a centrifuge blood sample, the buffy coat between the formed elements and the plasma contains

Leukocytes and platelets

An abnormal elevation of WBCs above the normal count of 11,000 cells/mm3 is called

Leukocytosis

Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition called

Leukopenia

Type of cell fragment involved in hemostasis

Lymphocyte

Form B and T lymphocytes

Lymphocytes

Long term "clean up" team

Monocytes

The most numerous white blood cells are the

Neutrophils

Which of the following groups consists of granulocytes

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

The most common blood type in the US population is

O

The universal donor blood type that can donate to any blood group is type

O

The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of breakdown products of hemoglobin is called

Physiologic Jaundice

The matrix of blood is called

Plasma

Excessive erythrocytes result in

Polycythemia

Scott's blood test shows that he has excess red blood cells. Identify and describe two causes of this disorder

Polycythemia from 1. bone marrow cancer 2. Life at high altitudes

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred o as

Rh+

The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is

RhoGAM

Which one of the following is NOT a physical characteristic of blood.

Sweet tasting. Blood IS Sticky, opaque, heavier than water, alkaline

Which of the following is NOT true of WBCs

They do NOT initiate the clotting process. they DO use diapediesis to move in and out of the blood vessels, locate areas of tissue damage through chemotaxis, move by the ameboid motion, they account for less than 1 percent of total blood volume.

All formed elements arise from a common type of stem cell called a hemocytoblast True or False

True

An abnormally low WBC count is called Leukopenia

True

Blood plasma is largely water T or F

True

Normal blood volume in healthy males is 5-6 liters? T or F

True

Which of the following represents thee proper sequence of hemostasis

Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation. (VPC) Voices Protest Communism

Bleeding disorders often result from a lack of one of the following vitamins

Vitamin K

The process whereby the binding of antibodies causes RBCs to clump is called

agglutination

When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or __________________ occurs.

agglutination

The plasma protein that contributes to the osmatic pressure of blood is

albumin

A clot that breaks away from a vessel wall and circulates freely within the bloodstream is called

an embolus

A decrease in the bloods ability to transport oxygen is called

anemia

A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies

antigen

Substances that the body recognizes as foreign are called

antigens

Erythrocytes are...

anucleate

contain histamine

basophils

The ion essential for blood clotting is

calcium

a thrombus that has broken away from a vessel wall and is freely floating in the bloodstream is called an

embulus

The type of Leukocytes that would increase rapidly during allergy attacks and infections of parasitic warms are

eosinophils

increase during allergy attack

eosinophils

Kill parasitic worms

eosinphils

Transport carbon dioxide

erythrocytes

What blood cell transports oxygen bound to hemaglobin

erythrocytes

White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as

granular

The iron-containing protein found in RBCs that transports the majority of oxygen carried in the blood is ________.

hemaglobin

The stem cell that gives rise to all formed elements is the

hemocytoblasts

Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as

hemophilia

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called

hemostasis

The series of reactions that stop blood flow following a cut is called

hemostasis

The organ largely responsible for the sythesis of clotting factors is the

liver

produce antibodies

lymphocytes

Platelets are fragments of multinucleate cells called

megakaryocytes pg. 347

The type of leukocytes that become macrophages in the tiessue are

monocytes

active phagocytes that become macrophages

monocytes

What blood cell activates phagocytes that increase rapidly during acute infection

neutrophils

Severe shock occurs with blood loss of

over 30 percent

Megakaryocytes pinch of anucleate fragments called

platelets

The red blood cell disorder caused by life at high altitude is called

polycythemia

The red blood cell disorder caused by life at high altitude is called.

polycythemia

An Immature RBC is called a

reticulocyte

Which chemical is released to bring out vasoconstriction during vascular spasm phase of hemostasis

serotonin

Blood cell formation in adults occurs in all of the following except the

shaft of the femur. it DOES occur in the flat bones of the skull, flat bones of pelvis, proximal epiphyses , and epiphyseal plates

The inherited type of anemia that causes spiky and sharp red blood cells is called

sickle cell anemia

An Insfficiency of circulating platelets is called

thombocytopenia

Prothrombin activator converts prothrombin to

thrombin

An insufficiency if circulating platelets is called

thrombocytopenia

Treatments of hemophilia often involves

transfusion of plasma or injections of missing clotting factors.


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