Exam 9
A tube from the brain to the abdomen that drains excessive cerebrospinal fluid is called a A) shunt B) G-tube C) CS tube D) cerebral bypass
A
Airway management can be challenging in patients with Down syndrome because their A) teeth are misaligned and they have a large tongue B) occiput is round, which causes flexion of the neck C) tongue is relatively small and falls back in the throat D) mandible is large, which inhibits a mask to face seal
A
The scene size up at a motor vehicle crash or other incident A) is an ongoing process until the incident is terminated B) should be performed by the most experienced EMT C) is a quick visual assessment of the scene prior to entry D) determines who is allowed to safely enter the hot zone
A
Upon arrival at a motor vehicle crash, the EMT should A) leave only the essential warning lights activated B) turn off the ambulance and set the emergency brake C) turn off the emergency flashing lights and headlights D) park at least 300 feet away from the accident scene
A
Which of the following does NOT usually contribute to or cause obesity A) rapid metabolism B) high caloric intake C) low metabolic rate D) genetic predisposition
A
Which of the following situations would require the use of a specialized rescue team A) a patient trapped in a cave or a confined space B) a patient in a badly damaged car, not entrapped C) an obese patient who must be moved to the ambulance D) a patient found floating face down in a swimming pool
A
A silent heart attack occurs when A) sweating is the only presentation B) the usual chest pain is not present C) a sudden dysrhythmia causes death D) the patient minimizes the chest pain
B
When assessing or providing care to a patient with an intellectual disability, you should A) explain procedures while in the process of performing them B) be observant for signs of fear or reluctance from the patient C) move swiftly and deliberately to quickly accomplish the task D) frequently reassure him or her that everything will be okay
B
When caring for patients with cerebral palsy, it is important to remember that A) they are unable to walk and are totally dependent upon B) their limbs are often underdeveloped and are prone to injury C) hearing aids are usually ineffective for patients with hearing loss D) most patients have the ability to walk, but have an unsteady gait
B
A 69 year old female was involved in a motor vehicle crash. She is semiconscious with a blood pressure of 80/50 mm Hg and a heart rate of 74 beats/min that is weak. Her daughter, who was uninjured in the crash, tells you that her mother has a history of hypertension and takes beta blockers. Considering the fact that this patient is probably in shock, what is MOST likely explanation for the absence of tachycardia A) deterioration of the cardiac conduction system B) intrathoracic bleeding and cardiac compression C) the effects of her antihypertensive medication D) failure of the parasympathetic nervous system
C
A 75 year old woman complains of shortness of breath. Which of the following findings should alert the EMT to the possibility of a pulmonary embolism? A) frequent urinary tract infections B) the patient is prescribed an inhaler C) history of deep venous thrombosis D) the patient's abdomen is swollen
C
Because hearing impaired patients typically have more difficulty hearing high frequency sounds, it is important for you to A) try basic sign language first B) speak in a monotone voice C) lower the pitch of your voice D) increase the pitch of your voice
C
EMTs are dispatched for a fall. The patient, a 16 year old female with Down syndrome, is experiencing difficulty walking and says that her fingers feel like needles. The EMTs should suspect A) a seizure B) an intracranial hemorrhage C) a cervical spine injury D) hydrocephalus
C
Findings during the social assessment of an older patient include all of the following EXCEPT A) interaction with others B) daily activity assistance C) outdated medications D) delays in obtaining meals
C
Motor nerve neuropathy is characterized by A) numbness, tingling, and severe muscle pain B) loss of bladder control and sensitivity to touch C) loss of balance, muscle weakness, and spasms D) constipation, low blood pressure, and bradycardia
C
The reasons for rescue failure can be recalled by the mnemonic FAILURE. According to this mnemonic, the U stands for A) underutilizing personnel at the scene B) unprepared to effectively manage the scene C) underestimating the logistics of the incident D) undertrained to correctly utilize equipment
C
When you arrive at the scene where there is a potential for hazardous materials exposure A) turn off your warning light B) do not waste time waiting for the scene to be marked and protected C) park your unit downhill of the scene D) park your unit uphill of the scene
D
At the scene with downed electrical lines, the EMT should A) remain outside the danger (hot) zone B) enter the danger (hot) zone for patient removal only C) stabilize the patient in the danger (hot) zone D) relocate the danger (hot) zone away from the patient
A
Cerebral palsy is a condition that results from damage or injury to the A) brain B) spinal cord C) voluntary muscles D) peripheral nervous system
A
Fractures of the pelvis in older patients often occur as the result of a combination of A) osteoporosis and low energy trauma B) increased bone density and car crashes C) arthritic joints and high energy trauma D) acetabular separation and severe falls
A
Patients with autism A) have extreme difficulty with complex tasks that require many steps B) prefer to maintain eye contact with whomever is talking with them C) often speak with speech patterns that alternate in tone and speed D) use and understand nonverbal means of communicating messages
A
When an elderly patient presents you with multiple over the counter medications that he or she is taking, it is MOST important to A) recall that the patient is at risk for negative medication interactions B) ask the patient to explain what each of the medications is used for C) look up all of the medications before providing care to the patient D) contact each of the physicians whose names are on the medications
A
When assessing a geriatric patient who has possibly experienced an acute ischemic stroke, it is MOST important to A) determine the onset of the patient's symptoms B) ascertain if there is a history of atrial fibrillation C) administer 324 mg of aspirin as soon as possible D) determine if the patient has risk factors for a stroke
A
When enlisting the help of an interpreter who signs, it is important for you to ask the interpreter to A) report exactly what the patient signs and not to ass any commentary B) voice what he or she is signing while communicating with the patient C) document the answers to the questions that the patient has responded to D) avoid any kind of lip movement while he or she is signing with the patient
A
Which of the following is the MOST common mechanism of injury in older patients A) falls B) burns C) abuse D) suicide
A
By placing one hand on your head and the other hand over your abdomen, you are asking a hearing impaired patient if he or she A) is hurt B) is sick C) needs help D) is nauseated
B
Causes of delirium in the older patient include all of the following, EXCEPT A) acute hypovolemia B) Alzheimer disease C) low blood sugar level D) decreased cerebral perfusion
B
Common causes of syncope in older patients include all of the following EXCEPT A) venous pooling B) vasoconstriction C) acute hypotension D) blood volume loss
B
General care for a patient with a tracheostomy tube includes all of the following EXCEPT A) ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation at all times B) removing the tube if the area around it appears to be infected C) suctioning the tube as needed to clear a thick mucous plug D) maintaining the patient in a position of comfort when possible
B
In order to evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the patients, you should A) request the fire department at all scenes B) perform a 360 degree walk around of the scene C) use the information provided by dispatch D) interview bystanders present at the scene
B
Patients who have experienced even minor appearing head injuries should be suspected of having a brain injury, especially if they A) have minor abrasions to the head area B) are taking blood thinning medications C) do not have deformities to the skull D) have a history of Alzheimer disease
B
Situational awareness is MOST accurately defined as A) an ongoing process of information gathering and scene evaluation to determine appropriate strategies and tactics B) the ability to recognize any possible issues once you arrive at the scene and act proactively to avoid a negative impact C) predicting the presence of certain hazards at the scene after receiving initial information from the dispatcher D) performing an initial scan of the scene in order to identify hazards that will pose an immediate threat to you and your crew
B
Under what circumstances is a left ventricular assist device used A) to permanently replace the function of one or both of the ventricles B) as a bridge to heart transplantation while a donor heart is being located C) to reduce ventricular pumping force in patients with aortic aneurysms D) to ensure that ventricles contract at an adequate and consistent rate
B
Upon arrival at a trench rescue operation, you should A) park as close to the incident as possible B) park at least 500 feet from the incident C) assist with the rescue operation D) determine if rescuers are operating safely
B
Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then A) begin immediate triage of any injured personnel B) report to the incident commander for instructions C) locate all injured personnel and begin treatment D) apprise medical control of the tactical situation
B
When faced with a situation in which an older patient with a terminal illness is in cardiac arrest, but written documentation regarding the patient's wishes cannot be located, the EMT should A) try to locate the documentation B) attempt to resuscitate the patient C) allow the patient to die in peace D) contact medical control for advice
B
When transporting a stable older patient to the hospital, the MOST effective way to reduce his or her anxiety is to A) allow at least 2 family members to accompany the patient B) transport him or her to a hospital that he or she is familiar with C) avoid the use of a long backboard, even if trauma is suspected D) perform frequent detailed assessments to gain the patient's trust
B
Which of the following statements regarding trench rescue is correct A) rescue vehicles should park at least 250 feet from the scene B) ground vibration is a primary cause of a secondary collapse C) a trench deeper than 10 feet should be shored prior to entry D) most deaths involving cave ins are caused by head injury
B
When assessing a 78 year old female who complains of shortness of breath, the EMT should A) give oxygen only if the patient has labored breathing B) conclude that the patient is experiencing a heart attack C) determine the position in which the patient normally sleeps D) place the patient supine to see if the problem worsens
C
When determining the exact location and position of the patient(s) in a wrecked vehicle, you and your team should routinely consider all of the following EXCEPT A) the position of the crashed vehicle B) hazards that pose a risk to rescuers C) the make and model of the vehicle D) the possibility of vehicle instability
C
When interacting with an intellectually disabled patient, the best approach is to A) speak primarily with the patient's family to establish the degree of disability B) approach the patient as a team to reassure him or her that you are there to help C) ask your team members to wait until you can establish a rapport with the patient D) position yourself slightly above the patient's level to reduce his or her anxiety
C
Which of the following patients is at highest risk for a pulmonary embolism A) 59 year old male who is recovering from pneumonia B) 66 year old active female with a history of hypertension C) 71 year old male with recent surgery to a lower extremity D) 78 year old female who takes blood thinning medications
C
An elderly patient may understate or minimize the symptoms of his or her illness because A) the nervous system has deteriorated B) of decreased perception of pain C) of conditions such as dementia D) her or she fears hospitalization
D
General techniques for communicating with hearing impaired patients include A) exaggerating your lip movements to ensure the patient understands B) speaking directly into the patient's ear with an increased voice pitch C) removing any hearing aids and using pen and paper to ask questions D) positioning yourself approximately 18 inches directly in front of the patient
D
Many older victims of physical abuse may make false statements or lie about the origin of their injuries because A) they are protective of the abuser B) they do not want to be bothersome C) most elderly patients have dementia D) they fear retribution from the abuser
D
The EMT's role at the scene of a search and rescue attempt is to A) accompany search team members and provide care B) direct the search effort from a centralized location C) report to a location where the patient will be carried D) stand by at the command post until the person is located
D
The reduction in brain weight and volume increases an older person's risk for A) stroke B) delirium C) dementia D) head trauma
D
When caring for an elderly patient who is hearing impaired, you should A) speak directly into his or her ear with an elevated tone B) remember that most hearing impaired patients can read lips C) request that he or she communicates with you by writing on paper D) recall that elderly patients often have difficulty hearing high frequency sounds
D
Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct A) the only indication for performing a rapid extrication is if the patient is not entrapped and is in cardiac arrest B) rapid extrication involves the use of heavy equipment to disentangle a patient from his or her crashed vehicle C) in involves rapidly removing a patient from his or her vehicle after immobilizing him or her with a short backboard D) the rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle
D
Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is A) gaining access to the patient(s) B) requesting additional resources C) immediately beginning triage D) surveying the area for hazards
D