Exercise Physiology Ch. 13

The average VO2 max value for the young male sedentary population is: 83 ml • kg-1 • min-1 22 ml • kg-1 • min-1 35 ml • kg-1 • min-1 45 ml • kg-1 • min-1

45 ml • kg-1 • min-1

In order to achieve improvements in VO2 max, highly trained individuals may need to train at intensities of: 40-70% VO2 max 50-85% VO2 max 95-100% VO2 max 60-95% VO2 max

95-100% VO2 max

The increase in VO2 max following training is caused by an increase in: maximal heart rate only maximal stroke volume only both maximal stroke volume and maximal a-vO2 difference maximal a-vO2 difference only

both maximal stroke volume and maximal a-vO2 difference

In terms of the factors that limit VO2 max, improvements elicited by endurance training generally first affect ____________, and then ___________ after several weeks/months. -cardiac output; a-vO2 difference -a-vO2 difference; cardiac output

cardiac output; a-vO2 difference

Which of the following training adaptations does not result in lower lactate production? decreased pyruvate formation increased glycogen utilization increased H form of LDH increased mitochondrial uptake of pyruvate

increase glycogen utilization

Following an endurance training program, the oxygen deficit is smaller when the subject does the same work task. This is due to: increases in the number of mitochondria and capillaries an increased heart rate an increased cardiac output a greater anaerobic capacity

increases in the number of mitochondria and capillaries

In the first 10 weeks of a resistance training program, the gains in strength are due primarily to: neural adaptations hypertrophy hyperplasia increased muscle fiber size

neural adaptations

The systematic process in which the volume and intensity of training are varied over time is: periodization overload afterload specificity

periodization

Following training, if the increase in maximal cardiac output is balanced with a decrease in peripheral resistance, the mean arterial blood pressure will: decrease increase remain the same

remain the same

Endurance training results in increased mitochondrial and capillary density in muscle but has no effect on muscle glycolytic capacity. This is an example of what training principle? none of these specificity overload reversibility

specificity

Cross-sectional studies show that the cardiovascular variable responsible for the large variation in VO2 max in the normal population is maximal: heart rate systolic blood pressure arteriovenous O2 difference stroke volume

stroke volume

Reducing the number of motor units required to perform an exercise task may reduce the heart rate and ventilation required to perform the task True False

true

Following endurance training, maximal stroke volume is enhanced by an increased: end systolic volume maximal heart rate venous return afterload

venous return

Following endurance training, maximal cardiac output during exercise is increased due to an increase in ventricular muscle tissue thickness. True False

False

Lactate removal is greater following an endurance training program because blood flow to muscle is decreased, and liver blood flow is increased at the same work rate. True False

False

The initial decrease in VO2 max with detraining occurs because skeletal muscle adaptations (a-vO2 difference) are lost True False

False

The majority of evidence demonstrates that resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy is the result of muscle fiber hyperplasia True False

False

Following endurance training, afterload decreases during maximal exercise because there is a decrease in sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity in the arterioles of the exercising muscles. True False

True

Research indicates that anyone can increase his or her VO2 max with training, yet a genetic predisposition is required to have a VO2 max comparable to that of an elite endurance athlete. True False

True

Training that involves very high volumes and intensities of exercise may increase one's risk of developing an upper respiratory tract infection. True False

True

The changes in the heart rate and ventilatory responses to a fixed submaximal work rate are lower after an endurance training program. These changes are due primarily to changes in the active skeletal muscles central nervous system lung and heart

active skeletal muscles

The enhanced capacity of the trained muscle to use fatty acids as a fuel results in: all of these decreased lactate formation sparing of blood glucose decreased utilization of muscle glycogen

all of these

The increase in the maximal a-vO2 difference is due to all of the following except: an increase in hemoglobin an increase in capillaries in the muscle an increase in mitochondria in the muscle all of these account for the increased a-vO2 difference

an increase in hemoglobin