Exercise Physiology Ch. 13
The average VO2 max value for the young male sedentary population is: 83 ml • kg-1 • min-1 22 ml • kg-1 • min-1 35 ml • kg-1 • min-1 45 ml • kg-1 • min-1
45 ml • kg-1 • min-1
In order to achieve improvements in VO2 max, highly trained individuals may need to train at intensities of: 40-70% VO2 max 50-85% VO2 max 95-100% VO2 max 60-95% VO2 max
95-100% VO2 max
The increase in VO2 max following training is caused by an increase in: maximal heart rate only maximal stroke volume only both maximal stroke volume and maximal a-vO2 difference maximal a-vO2 difference only
both maximal stroke volume and maximal a-vO2 difference
In terms of the factors that limit VO2 max, improvements elicited by endurance training generally first affect ____________, and then ___________ after several weeks/months. -cardiac output; a-vO2 difference -a-vO2 difference; cardiac output
cardiac output; a-vO2 difference
Which of the following training adaptations does not result in lower lactate production? decreased pyruvate formation increased glycogen utilization increased H form of LDH increased mitochondrial uptake of pyruvate
increase glycogen utilization
Following an endurance training program, the oxygen deficit is smaller when the subject does the same work task. This is due to: increases in the number of mitochondria and capillaries an increased heart rate an increased cardiac output a greater anaerobic capacity
increases in the number of mitochondria and capillaries
In the first 10 weeks of a resistance training program, the gains in strength are due primarily to: neural adaptations hypertrophy hyperplasia increased muscle fiber size
neural adaptations
The systematic process in which the volume and intensity of training are varied over time is: periodization overload afterload specificity
periodization
Following training, if the increase in maximal cardiac output is balanced with a decrease in peripheral resistance, the mean arterial blood pressure will: decrease increase remain the same
remain the same
Endurance training results in increased mitochondrial and capillary density in muscle but has no effect on muscle glycolytic capacity. This is an example of what training principle? none of these specificity overload reversibility
specificity
Cross-sectional studies show that the cardiovascular variable responsible for the large variation in VO2 max in the normal population is maximal: heart rate systolic blood pressure arteriovenous O2 difference stroke volume
stroke volume
Reducing the number of motor units required to perform an exercise task may reduce the heart rate and ventilation required to perform the task True False
true
Following endurance training, maximal stroke volume is enhanced by an increased: end systolic volume maximal heart rate venous return afterload
venous return
Following endurance training, maximal cardiac output during exercise is increased due to an increase in ventricular muscle tissue thickness. True False
False
Lactate removal is greater following an endurance training program because blood flow to muscle is decreased, and liver blood flow is increased at the same work rate. True False
False
The initial decrease in VO2 max with detraining occurs because skeletal muscle adaptations (a-vO2 difference) are lost True False
False
The majority of evidence demonstrates that resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy is the result of muscle fiber hyperplasia True False
False
Following endurance training, afterload decreases during maximal exercise because there is a decrease in sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity in the arterioles of the exercising muscles. True False
True
Research indicates that anyone can increase his or her VO2 max with training, yet a genetic predisposition is required to have a VO2 max comparable to that of an elite endurance athlete. True False
True
Training that involves very high volumes and intensities of exercise may increase one's risk of developing an upper respiratory tract infection. True False
True
The changes in the heart rate and ventilatory responses to a fixed submaximal work rate are lower after an endurance training program. These changes are due primarily to changes in the active skeletal muscles central nervous system lung and heart
active skeletal muscles
The enhanced capacity of the trained muscle to use fatty acids as a fuel results in: all of these decreased lactate formation sparing of blood glucose decreased utilization of muscle glycogen
all of these
The increase in the maximal a-vO2 difference is due to all of the following except: an increase in hemoglobin an increase in capillaries in the muscle an increase in mitochondria in the muscle all of these account for the increased a-vO2 difference
an increase in hemoglobin