EXP2604 Chapter 7

______________ consolidation involves the gradual reorganization of circuits within brain regions and takes place on a fairly long time scale.

Systems

The story in the text about the balloons that were used to suspend a speaker in mid air was used to illustrate the role of _____ in memory.

organization

The concept of reconsolidation is based on the _________ of retrieved memories

fragility

Retrograde amnesia is usually less severe for ___________ memories

remote

______________ transforms new memories from a fragile state, in which they can be disrupted, to a more permanent state, in which they are resistant to disruption.

Consolidation

How would you describe the relationship between elaborative rehearsal and maintenance rehearsal in terms of establishing long-term memories?

Elaborative is more effective than maintenance

The concept of encoding specificity is grounded in which of the following?

Location

______________ cues help us remember information that has been stored in memory.

Retrieval

Research into reconsolidation of memories in people who have PTSD has focused on the ________ aspects of memory.

emotional

According to the levels of processing theory, memory durability depends on the depth at which information is

encoded

Acquiring information and transforming it into long-term memory is

encoding

Research shows that ___________ does not improve reading comprehension because it does not encourage elaborative processing of the material.

highlighting

Hebb's idea of long-term potentiation, which provides a physiological mechanism for the long-term storage of memories, includes the idea of

increased firing in the neurons

Treatment of PTSD has benefitted from recent research on

reconsolidation

According to memory research, studying is most effective if study sessions are

short and across several days

The principle that we encode information together with its context is known as encoding

specificity

The standard model of consolidation proposes that the hippocampus is

strongly active when memories are first formed and being consolidated but becomes less active when retrieving older memories that are already consolidated

Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if

the type of encoding task matches the type of retrieval task

Memory performance is enhanced if the type of task at encoding matches the type of task at retrieval. This is called

transfer-appropriate processing

Recent research on memory, based largely on fear conditioning in rats, indicates that

when a memory is reactivated, it becomes capable of being changed or altered, just as it was immediately after it was formed