Extra credit ( Lecture )

An electrically neutral atom with atomic number 15 and atomic mass 32 will have ______ electrons in Shell 1, ______ electrons in the next (2) shell, and ______ electrons in the outer (3) shell.

2,8,5

How many different amino acids are used by cells to produce polypeptides?

20

An atom with atomic number 5 has ______ electrons in its outermost shell and is ______ (reactive or inert).

3, reactive

Which three of the statements are in Virchow's cell theory?

A cell is the basic unit of life All cell come from pre-existing cells All living things consist of cells

Which method developed at the end of the 1980s lead to a major change in how scientists categorized organsims

DNA squencing

Phospholipids are

Amphipathic

The person to whom we attribute the invention of the microscope.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Which of the three Domains are prokaryotes?

Archeea Bacteria

The two taxonomic ranks used to give organisms names using binomial nomenclature are _______.

genus and species

With what amino acids would arginine and lysine like to interact?

glutamic acid aspartic acid

The two purines bases in DNA are:

guanine adenine

Which of the following are functions for lipids?

hormones help the body absorb hydrophobic nutrients water proofing insulation energy storage

What kind of bonding between complementary nitrogen bases hold the two strands of the DNA molecule together?

hydrogen

Polymers like polysaccharides or polypeptide proteins are broken down into smaller pieces called monomers by the addition of water through which process?

hydrolysis

Atoms that do not interact with other atoms are

inert

Select all molecules that are proteins

insulin hemoglobin collagen hormones Enzymes

An electrically charged atom or molecule is a(n)

ion

Two atoms of the same element that have different atomic masses are called ______.

isotopes

Which option below best represents the theory of biogenesis?

life needs to arise from pre-existing life

The field of microbiology was made possible by the invention of the

microscope

The particle found in the atom's nucleus with mass of 1 amu but no charge is the ______.

neutron

In the organism Canus familiaris, Canus is referred to as:

the genus

In the organism Canus familiaris, familiaris is referred to as:

the species

It insulates mammals, helping them retain body heat.

triglyceride

This is a primary long term energy storage molecule in mammal bodies.

triglyceride

Cells in Eukarya and in Archaea all have genomic DNA that is wrapped around proteins called histones.

true

What kind of fatty acid has one or more carbon-carbon double bond?

unsaturated

This covers the leaves of some plants to limit water loss.

wax

The section of the bacterial growth curve where the bacteria are actively preparing for cell division, but are not dividing yet is called

Lag phase

Carbohydrates and lipids contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. If you are given a molecular formula, how could you tell them apart?

Lipids have roughly twice as many hydrogen as carbon, but relatively little oxygen.

The scientist who used a swan-neck flask experiment to disprove spontaneous generation.

Louis Pasteur

Which of the following scientists was the first to view microorganisms, but did NOT view bacteria?

Louis pasteur

Which of the following can be found only in eukaryotic cells (choose all that apply)?

Nucleus Chloroplast mitochondria membrane bound organelles

Microorganisms that require oxygen to survive are called

Obligate aerobes

Abiogenesis

Obsolete theory States that living organisms may be generated from non-living things

The only type of cell on Earth for 2 billion years was

Prokaryotic

A single bacterial colony can be seen by the naked eye.

True

Ribosomes have the same function in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

True

Which of the following kingdoms is NOT under the domain Eukarya?

Virus

This kind of lipid helps to protect our hearing by trapping dust and other particles.

Wax

Which of the following is an example of a fungus (choose all that apply)?

Yeast Mushrooms

The number that indicates how many protons an atom contains is the

atomic number

The specific name used to describe the process bacteria use to create more bacterial cells is called _______.

binary fission

All fatty acids contain what functional group?

carboxyl

What two functional groups do all amino acids have?

carboxyl Amino

Which of the following is NOT an important biological function of lipids?

catalyzing chemical reactions

Microbial growth refers to a change in

cell number

Which type of polysacchride is found within insects and crustaceans and is used for structural support in their exoskeletons?

chitin

A bond that involves sharing electron between atoms is

covalent

When proteins lose their 3-D shape, the process is called _________

denaturing

What components make up the backbone (the outside of the strands) of the DNA molecule?

deoxyribose and phosphate groups

The elements in a column of the periodic table of elements share what characteristic?

number of electrons in the outermost shell

A reaction that leads to the loss of electron or hydrogen atoms is called

oxidation

_________ cause the shape of proteins to change, thus inactivating them.

pH that is not optimal Heat

Which of the following is an example of a protozoan (choose all that apply)?

parameceum ameoba

This is the major constituent of plasma membranes.

phospholipid

Which of the following can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (choose all that apply)?

plasma membrane DNA Ribosomes RNA

A hydroxyl group gives what property?

polar (alcohol

What are the three molecular components of a nucleotide?

deoxyribose, nitrogen bases and phosphate groups

The negatively charged sub-atomic particle found in orbital is a(n)

electron

One feature of Archaea that make it uniques is that its plasma membranes are composed of

ether-linked lipids

Bacteria are considered to be

prokaryoic

The positively charged particle found in the atom's nucleus with a mass of 1 amu is the ______.

proton

An atom with atomic number 15 and atomic mass 32 will be

reactive

Which option IS found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

ribosome

This kind of fatty acid has no carbon-carbon double bonds between carbons:

saturated

What is the proper scientific notation for the number shown below? 165,000

1.65 x 10^5

About how large are most viruses?

10 - 100 nm

An atom with atomic number 15 and atomic mass 32 has ______ protons and ________ neutrons. When electrically neutral, this atom has ______ electrons.

15, 17, 15

In the time of Aristotle, organisms were categorized into

2 kingdoms

About how large are most bacteria

1 - 10 um

one micrometer (um) =

1 x 10-6 m

One nanometer =

1 x 10-9m

An atom with atomic number 1 has ______ electron in its outermost shell and is ______ (reactive or inert).

1, reactive

How many micrometers are in one meter?

1,000,000

An atom with atomic number 15 and atomic mass 32 can be symbolized as... (all of the numbers are superscript here - #P or #Si)

32P

If the sequence of bases in one strand of DNA is 5' TAGCCT3', the sequence of bases in the complementary strand will be

5'AGGCTA3'

An atom with atomic number 17 has ______ electrons in its outermost shell and is ______ (reactive or inert)

7 reactive

Calculate how many bacterial cells are going to be formed after 3 generations starting with one cell

8

An atom with atomic number 10 has ______ electrons in its outermost shell and is ______ (reactive or inert)

8 inert

Which of the following is an example of a bacterium (choose all that apply)

Bacillius anthracis Staphylococcus aureus

Which of the following are found in all viruses (choose all that apply)?

DNA or RNA protein coat (capsid)

Which of the following is NOT a domain discovered by Carl Woese?

E. Coli

An atom with atomic number 16 and atomic mass 32 is an isotope of (superscript) 32P.

False

Bacteria can grow well at any temperature.

False

Nutrient broth is normally solid at the room temperature.

False

The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) was eukaryotic. True

False

The scientist who refuted abiogenesis by showing maggots did not grow in meat covered by gauze.

Fransisco Redi

What is the difference between a purine and a pyrimidine?

Purines are nitrogen bases composed of two rings; pyrimidines are nitrogen bases composed of one ring

Chemical reactions occur when atoms or molecules called _________________ interact and produce a different molecule.

Reactants

The scientist who first used the term "cell."

Robert Hook

The discovery that cells were the building blocks of mulicellular organisms is credited to:

Schleiden and Schwann

media contains ingredients that do not allow certain types of bacteria to proliferate, while allowing rapid growth of another type.

Selective

If you have a soil sample containing many different bacteria, what is a method that would allow you to isolate a single kind?

Streaking plate

Define microbiology. (choose all that apply)

Study of living things too small to be seen by the un-aided eye.

In DNA base pairing, A pairs with ______ and G pairs with ______.

T,C

Which of the following is an example of a virus (choose all that apply)?

The flu Chicken pox

How are these hydrogens arranged

Trans

The field of Microbiology can be best describe as

The study of small organisms too small to see with our eyes

What properties do all lipids have?

They are hydrophobic, since they contain very few O atoms compared to C and H atoms.