Extra Credit Quiz Questions Exam 2

Living deuterostomes comprise three clades: the echinoderms, the chordates, and the ______.

Hemichordates

In the water cycle, the primary way water is transferred from the biotic compartment to the atmospheric compartment is by _________ ?

(evapo)transpiration

Animals with no mouth, gut or tissues will be ______ and belong to _______.

Asymmetrical, sponges

If secondary consumers are the highest trophic level in a community, how many trophic levels are in the community (not counting decomposers)? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Three if it is an aquatic community, four if it is a terrestrial community E. Three if it is a terrestrial community, four if it is an aquatic community

B. Three

The clade of fungi that make up some mycorrhizae is ________.

Glomeromycota

Organisms that are ________ acquire their energy from breaking down dead organic matter.

Detritivores

Animals that are bilaterally symmetrical as larvae, but pentaradially symmetrical as adults belong to ______.

Echinoderms

A key component of nucleic acids and ATP is __________.

Phosphorus

Some mollusks have a rasping feeding structure known as the _________.

Radula

From the homework..... *just a note*

There's a correlation between temperature, carbon dioxide, and precipitation

The introduction of a large predatory fish into a lake may lead to declines in the populations of smaller fish. If this decrease in the smaller fish numbers lead to an increase in the plankton on which they feed, the phenomenon is called __________.

a trophic cascade

Which of the following groups has a dikaryon? a. ascomycota b. zygomycota c. glomeromycota d. chytridiomycota (chytrids) e. microsporidia

a. ascomycota

In Dwight's rotting logs, the secondary carnivore in the log is a velvet worm. Dwight performs an experiment that tests the impact of removing velvet worms from the log. He predicts that species diversity and abundance will increase in logs without velvet worms. Instead, he sees the opposite. His experimental logs are overcome by fungi. His observations indicate that velvet worms ______________ .

are part of a trophic cascade

It is thought that jaws, which are found in the higher vertebrates, evolved from....

cartilaginous arches used to support gills

Which of the following groups contains the largest number of species? a. rotifers b. arthropods c. annelids d. phoronids e. polychaetes

b. arthropods

Which of the following about crustaceans is true? a. they are the least prevalent marine arthropods today b. most have a body that is composed of three regions c. most have six legs attached to the head d. they lack a carapace e. all of the above

b. most have a body that is composed of three regions

In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen fixation is performed by ________ and those organisms are _____________ of nitrogen for other organisms.

bacteria; sources

Which of the following statements about net primary productivity (NPP) is false? a. net primary productivity can be measured in grams of biomass b. some of the carbon that enters primary producers is lost as CO2 c. NPP is equal to the amount of CO2 that enters a primary producer d. NPP is equal to the difference between the amount of CO2 used in photosynthesis and CO2 lost due to cellular respiration e. NPP is approximately the amount of CO2 converted into macromolecules

c. NPP is equal to the amount of CO2 that enters a primary producer

Which of the following conditions would not bias the estimates made from a capture-mark-recapture study? a. movement of individuals away from the study site b. greater susceptibility of marked individuals to predation c. free intermingling of marked individuals with unmarked individuals d. marked individuals' preference for traps e. none of the above

c. free intermingling of marked individuals to predation

Which of the following statements concerning nematodes is false? a. parasitic nematodes infect many animal species, including humans and many domestic animals b. parasitic nematodes infect many crop plants c. no nematode species is beneficial to humans d. free-living nematodes are often extremely abundant e. the diet of nematodes is varied

c. no nematode species is beneficial to humans

In most communities, which of the following is greater in tertiary consumers as compared to secondary consumers? a. reproductive rates b. number of species c. total biomass d. body size e. none of the above

d. body size

Functions of arthropod appendages include a. walking and swimming b. gas exchange c. grasping food d. both a and c e. all of the above

d. both a and c

Scientists reported that the reintroduction of wolves into Yellowstone Park initiated a trophic cascade. Which of the following facts best supports this conclusion? a. data show that wolves prey on a number of species, but they prefer elk b. data show that elk are preyed on by mountain lions and coyotes as well as by wolves c. after wolves were reintroduced, the number of mountain lions remained steady d. after wolves were reintroduced, the numbers of elk declined e. after wolves were reintroduced, the numbers of aspen trees increased

e. after wolves were reintroduced, the number of aspen trees increased

Which of the following measures species diversity in a community? a. alpha diversity b. beta diversity c. species richness d. species evenness e. each of these is a different way to measure diversity

e. each of these is a different way to measure diversity

Which of the following is not one of the hypotheses for the global decline in amphibian diversity? a. habitat alteration b. destruction of Earth's ozone layer c. pollution from industrial areas d. spread of a pathogenic fungus e. lack of food

e. lack of food

The goal of conservation biology is to ___________.

maintain biodiversity while still allowing human interaction

Cellular respiration is a _______ for atmospheric carbon and photosynthesis is a _________ for carbon.

source; sink

The number of trophic levels in most communities is limited by ____________.

the loss of energy between trophic levels

Tardigrades (water bears) and Onychophorans (velvet worms) belong in the same clade as arthropods. The feature that groups all three together is _________?

the presence of paired appendages

On Eugene's moldy pizza, the mold extends into parts he can't see. Fungi get so large because they need to _________.

to increase their surface area for absorption