Fad Diets

meal composition of paleo diet

-40% fat -30% protein -30% carbs

risks of paleo diet

-absence of fiber and vitamins -absence of calcium from dairy -nutrient deficiency -altered gut flora -overconsumption of meat products -not sustainable for long term weight loss

who should abstain from intermittent fasting?

-diabetics -eating disorders -active growth stage -pregnancy

health benefits of intermittent fasting

-effective for weight loss -increase lifespan -decreased rates of chronic disease -may have long term sustainability -improve cognitive function and memory

what types of food to eat on a keto diet?

-fats -meat -nonsweet vegetables

what to eat in paleo diet?

-grass fed meat and wild game -fruits and vegetables -eggs -seeds and nuts

health risks of intermittent fasting

-headaches, dizziness, dehydration -rebound overeating -nutrient deficiencies

purported benefits of paleo diet

-improved blood sugar -decrease in hunger -less processed food consumption -blood pressure

purported benefits of keto diet include...

-increase metabolism -decrease in hunger -increase muscle mass -improve BP

health benefits of raw food diet

-increased fruit and vegetable intake -weight loss -low cardiovascular disease -blood pressure -lower triglycerides

health risks of keto diet

-keto flu -high in saturated fat -nutrient deficiency -liver and kidney problems -constipation -not sustainable for long term weight loss

hormone levels during ketosis

-low insulin -normal glucagon -normal epinephrine

health risks of mediterranean diet

-no emphasis on portion size -nutrient deficiencies like iron and calcium

health risks of raw food diet

-nutritional deficiencies -foodborne illness -high workload for preparation -generally contradicted by science and evidence based medicine -not sustainable for long term weight loss

health benefits of the keto diet

-reduce frequency of epileptic seizures -weight loss

health benefits of paleo diet

-reduced Na and sugar intake -weight loss -improved glucose diet -blood pressure -lower triglycerides

health benefits of the mediterranean diet

-reduced processed foods -good long term sustainability of diet -lower risk of chronic diseases

purported benefits of raw food diets

-weight loss -more fiber and vitamins -better cholesterol and blood sugar -reduced environmental impact

purported benefits of intermittent fasting

-weight loss -positive metabolic changes -decreased inflammation

purported benefits of mediterranean diet

-weight loss -prevention of CVD -lower risk of some cancers -overall healthier aging process

meal composition of mediterranean diet

30-35% fat 15-20% protein 50% carbs

5:2 diet

5 days a week eat normally 2 days restrict intake to 500-600 calories -1 normal day between 2 days

meal composition of keto diet

75% fat 20% protein 5%. carbs

intermittent fasting

Umbrella term describing an eating pattern where patients have periods of normal caloric intake mixed with periods of very restricted or no caloric intake

Fad Diet

a diet that becomes popular for a short time without being a standard dietary recommendation, and often making unreasonable claims for fast weight loss or health improvements

periodic fasting

abstain from food and caloric beverages for continuous days

raw omnivore

allows raw dairy, raw eggs, raw plant-based foods, and intake of raw fish/poultry/meat if patient wishes

ketones

alternative energy source, made when glucose is in short supply and is made in the liver from breakdown of fats

raw food diet

based on the concept of eating only uncooked, unprocessed foods

physiology of intermittent fasting

body is breaking down triglycerides between meals

most cells prefer to burn ______, not ______ for energy

carbs; fats

mediterranean diet

diet based on traditional cuisine of countries bordering the mediterranean sea

time restricted feeding

eat a standard amount of calories but only within 8-12 hours

alternate-day fasting

eat nothing one day and eat whatever you like the next

raw vegetarian

excludes meat, fish, and poultry; allows raw dairy, raw eggs, and raw plant-based food

the hormone levels in the keto diet causes what to fat in the body?

fat is released from the adipose tissue

mediterranean diet is generally accepted as _________ and a medically sound diet plan

heart-healthy

Paleolithic Diet

high-fat, low-carb diet based on eating foods similar to what humans would have eaten during the Paleolithic (Stone Age) era

ketogenic diet

high-fat, low-carb diet intended to promote burning ketones, rather than glucose, for energy

how does the keto diet reduce seizures?

increases GABA and reduced neuronal excitability and firing

______ are formed when there is inadequate sugar or glucose to supply the body's fuel needs

ketones

low carb intake forced cells to switch to ______

ketosis

raw vegan

limits foods to purely plant-based (no animal products) and raw, uncooked/unprocessed choices

restrictive

may omit key nutrients or lead to dehydration

unrealistic goals for fad diets

may promise dramatic short-term results

meal composition of intermittent fasting

no set rules

meal composition of raw food diet

no set rules, as long as its not cooked

food choices in the mediterranean diet emphasize

plant based foods and healthy fats

food choices of the raw food diet emphasize...

plant-based foods with little to no intake of meats and dairy, and no processed foods

underlying theory of paleo diet

rise in chronic diseases in modern society stem from the agricultural revolution/widespread farming

t/f intermittent fasting is not a diet in convention sense

true. its more of an eating pattern

in the paleo diet, food intake is based on ...

what can be hunted and gathered based on surroundings