Fern gametophytes are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
The Excavata include the __?__, a group of organisms that have mitochondria bearing a distinctive, organized mass of DNA.
Kinetoplastids
The Chlorophyta (green algae) are thought to be close allies of the __?__ , in part, because the two groups share the presence of chlorophylls a and b in their chloroplasts.
Kingdom Plantae
_?__ has been observed in the Green Sea Slug (Elysia); the slug consumes an alga but fails to digest its plastids. The plastids end up lining the gut of the slug and remain functional for several days to weeks.
Kleptoplasty
The "fruiting body" in Basidiomycota is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
Conidia
The asexual spores of Ascomycota are produced on
Conidiophores
The __?__ found in __?__ of Euglena, which is unique to the organism and its close allies, is assumed to play a role in phototaxis.
Crystalline rod; flagella
The mature megagametophyte of many flowering plants is comprised of
eight haploid cells
he __?__ stage of Plasmodium is transmitted to the blood of a human host in the saliva of a female mosquito.
merozoite
Recent comparisons of DNA have revealed a close alliance between DNA from __?__ and the nuclear DNA from members of Domain Eukarya--these observations have been interpreted as supporting the origin of the nucleus from among representatives of the Domain Archaea.
the Asgard phyla (Lokiarchaeota)
The Lokiarchaeota (and other members of the Asgard phyla) have been shown to be the sister group to __?__
the Eukarya
The vector for Sleeping Sickness is __?__ and the vector for Chagas' Disease is __
the Tsetse Fly; the Reduviid Bug
Sleeping sickness is an infection of __?
the blood
The stamen is comprised of
filament and anther
Sexual reproduction in ciliates involves the exchange of __?__ between two cells; this process is referred to as __?__.
micronuclei; conjugation
The ___?___ is the site of meiosis in angiosperms.
microsporangium (anther)
__ are organisms that combine photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition.
mixotrophs
The __?__ are eukaryotic microbes that all bear __?__.
Alveolates; alveoli
Dinoflagellates, apicomplexans and the ciliates share _?_ as a trait that unites them in a monophyletic group.
Alveoli
The __?__ is a non-photosynthetic plastid found in cells of Plasmodium.
Apicoplast
High levels of ___?___ stimulate potassium efflux from guard cells.
ABA
The light-dependent reactions supply __?__ will be needed to drive the light-independent reactions.
ATP and NADPH
was shown to be the diffusible substance involved in phototropism.
Auxin
The movement of sugar in phloem is thought to be driven primarily by
Bulk flow and source-to-sink flow
Trypanosomes are kinetoplast blood parasites that are responsible for __
Chagas's Disease
All of the following EXCEPT __?__ are traits that characterize members of the Kingdom Plantae.
Chlorophyll c
is a cell/tissue type adapted for structural support in a region of plant growth or expansion.
Collenchyma
used experiments with barley coleoptiles to show that the receptor for phototropism was in the tip.
Darwin and Darwin
You have collected several liters of seawater. You filter the seawater and extract any pigments from the material collected on the filter. You discover that there are two chlorophyll pigments in the extract: chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c. You conclude that the sample you collected is likely to contain a relative of __?_
Diatoms
he __?__ are unusual in that their cell wall is comprised of silica.
Diatoms
Paramecium differs from Euglena in that _
Euglena has chloroplasts and Paramecium lacks chloroplasts
All of the following EXCEPT __?__ are traits that characterize members of the Kingdom Plantae
Gametic meiosis
In order to complete its' life history, the malaria protozoan must produce ___?___ in the human host that are then transferred from the human host to the mosquito host.
Gametocytes
is credited with developing the modern theory of serial endosymbiosis.
Lynn Margulis
The ascus (sac) is the site of __?__ that forms ascospores in all genera of the Ascomycota.
Meiosis
Cells of the liver that infected by plasmodium release _?_ to the blood
Merozoites
An aggregation of fungal filaments is referred to as
Mycelia
Unlike RUBISCO, __?__ does not recognize oxygen as a substrate and is utilized in the C4 pathway.
PEP carboxylase
Exchange of micronuclei during conjugation is a feature one would expect to observe in __?__.
Paramecium
The ___?___ is a meristematic layer of cells that can produce branch roots.
Pericycle
Many members of the Foraminifera live in calcium carbonate tests or shells. These tests are full of pores. The main purpose of the pores is to __?__
Permit extension of filose pseudopodia
The phytochrome system is thought to play an important role in __?
Photoperiodism
All of the following EXCEPT __?__ are traits that characterize members of Kingdom Plantae.
Phycobilins
has two forms: "red" and "far red".
Phytochrome
is the microbial agent responsible for malaria.
Plasmodium
are characteristic of green algae and embryophytes; whereas _?_ are characteristic of the red algae
Primary chloroplasts; primary rhodoplasts
Only __?__ and __?__ are regarded as bearing primary plastids.
Rhodophyta (Red Algae); Viridiplantae (Green Algae & Green Plants)
is characterized by the acquisition of a plastid involving two eukaryotic cells--a
Secondary endosymbiosis
Lynn Margulis is largely credited with the development of the modern theory of ___?___ that explains the origin of at least some eukaryotic traits.
Serial endosymbiosis
The __?__ are comprised of organisms that produce motile stages with two unequal flagella--one with hairs and one without hairs.
Stramenopiles
Water moves with least resistance through
The apoplast
All of the following EXCEPT ___?___ constitute evidence in support of serial endosymbiosis.
The presence of asexual reproduction in protists
is a genus in the Kinetoplastid lineage that includes organisms that are responsible for Sleeping Sickness and Chagas' Disease.
Trypanosoma
The ___?___ is a lateral meristem that produces secondary xylem and secondary phloem.
Vascular cambium
The "n+n" stage in fungi comes about due to __?__
a delay of karyogamy that normally follows immediately after plasmogamy
Monocot plants are generally characterized by all of the following EXCEPT __?
a eustele in the stem
seedless plant life cycle
a- Antheridium b-Archegonium c-Zygote d- Sorus e- Sporangium
Life cycle of ascomycete
a- Ascus b- Ascospores c-Ascocarp d-Conidiophore e- Conidia
leaf amatomy
a- Bundle sheath b- xylem c- Phloem d- Palisade mesophyll e- spongy mesophyll
Dicot root
a- xylem b- phloem c- pericycle d- endodermis e- cortex
life cycle of moss - Bryophyta
a-Antheridia b- Archegonia c- Embryo d-Mature sporophyte e- Sporangium
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
a-Ovary b-ovule c- Micopyle d- polar nuclei e- Egg
The Phaeophyta (Brown Algae) include complex organisms such as Laminaria--this organism has a complex life history called
alternation of generations
Paramecium utilizes __?__ to capture suspended organic matter. Once captured, the organic matter is digested __?_
an oral groove; in a food vacuole
The Gymnosperms and the Angiosperms are similar in that both ___?__
are heterosporous
Sclerenchyma tissue is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT _
being alive at functional maturity
Peristome teeth in mosses open and close in response to
changes in relative humidity
Chara and its relatives have __?__ in their plastids.
chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b
Euglena is a member of the Excavata. Euglena is capable of photosynthesis because it has
chloroplasts with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b
Mitochondria and plastids are like prokaryotic organisms in that they possess __?__ and
circular DNA; 70S ribosomes
Most gymnamoeba are __?__ whereas entamoeba are
free-living heterotrophs; parasites
An uninfected mosquito can become infected with Plasmodium by taking a blood meal that contains _
gametocytes
The life cycle of Plasmodium is
haplobiontic/haploid (Hh)
The cell wall of diatoms resists degradation and, as a consequence, diatoms _
have an excellent fossil record
The receptor for phototropism in coleoptiles is _
in the tip and responds to blue light
A sieve cell (sieve tube member) is unusual in that __
it lacks a nucleus at maturity
Fern gametophytes are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
jacketed sporangia
some members of the Alveolata are responsible for ___?___, a disease that is typically recognized through the regularly-occurring bouts of fever and fatigue that it produces.
malaria
Guard cells lose turgor as a consequence of __?__ efflux followed by water loss.
potassium ion
Fern sporophytes are characterized by
sporangia organized into a sorus
Moss sporophytes have all of the following EXCEPT
roots
The vascular bundle of a typical eustele is comprised of _
sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem
The ___?___ are collectively known as the calyx.
sepals
Meiosis is Plasmodium occurs in
the mosquito
Secondary xylem is also known as
wood
The __?__ is a __?__ stage that produces the sporozoite stage of Plasmodium that ends up in the salivary glands of the female mosquito.
zygote; diploid