Fern gametophytes are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

The Excavata include the __?__, a group of organisms that have mitochondria bearing a distinctive, organized mass of DNA.

Kinetoplastids

The Chlorophyta (green algae) are thought to be close allies of the __?__ , in part, because the two groups share the presence of chlorophylls a and b in their chloroplasts.

Kingdom Plantae

_?__ has been observed in the Green Sea Slug (Elysia); the slug consumes an alga but fails to digest its plastids. The plastids end up lining the gut of the slug and remain functional for several days to weeks.

Kleptoplasty

The "fruiting body" in Basidiomycota is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Conidia

The asexual spores of Ascomycota are produced on

Conidiophores

The __?__ found in __?__ of Euglena, which is unique to the organism and its close allies, is assumed to play a role in phototaxis.

Crystalline rod; flagella

The mature megagametophyte of many flowering plants is comprised of

eight haploid cells

he __?__ stage of Plasmodium is transmitted to the blood of a human host in the saliva of a female mosquito.

merozoite

Recent comparisons of DNA have revealed a close alliance between DNA from __?__ and the nuclear DNA from members of Domain Eukarya--these observations have been interpreted as supporting the origin of the nucleus from among representatives of the Domain Archaea.

the Asgard phyla (Lokiarchaeota)

The Lokiarchaeota (and other members of the Asgard phyla) have been shown to be the sister group to __?__

the Eukarya

The vector for Sleeping Sickness is __?__ and the vector for Chagas' Disease is __

the Tsetse Fly; the Reduviid Bug

Sleeping sickness is an infection of __?

the blood

The stamen is comprised of

filament and anther

Sexual reproduction in ciliates involves the exchange of __?__ between two cells; this process is referred to as __?__.

micronuclei; conjugation

The ___?___ is the site of meiosis in angiosperms.

microsporangium (anther)

__ are organisms that combine photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition.

mixotrophs

The __?__ are eukaryotic microbes that all bear __?__.

Alveolates; alveoli

Dinoflagellates, apicomplexans and the ciliates share _?_ as a trait that unites them in a monophyletic group.

Alveoli

The __?__ is a non-photosynthetic plastid found in cells of Plasmodium.

Apicoplast

High levels of ___?___ stimulate potassium efflux from guard cells.

ABA

The light-dependent reactions supply __?__ will be needed to drive the light-independent reactions.

ATP and NADPH

was shown to be the diffusible substance involved in phototropism.

Auxin

The movement of sugar in phloem is thought to be driven primarily by

Bulk flow and source-to-sink flow

Trypanosomes are kinetoplast blood parasites that are responsible for __

Chagas's Disease

All of the following EXCEPT __?__ are traits that characterize members of the Kingdom Plantae.

Chlorophyll c

is a cell/tissue type adapted for structural support in a region of plant growth or expansion.

Collenchyma

used experiments with barley coleoptiles to show that the receptor for phototropism was in the tip.

Darwin and Darwin

You have collected several liters of seawater. You filter the seawater and extract any pigments from the material collected on the filter. You discover that there are two chlorophyll pigments in the extract: chlorophyll a and chlorophyll c. You conclude that the sample you collected is likely to contain a relative of __?_

Diatoms

he __?__ are unusual in that their cell wall is comprised of silica.

Diatoms

Paramecium differs from Euglena in that _

Euglena has chloroplasts and Paramecium lacks chloroplasts

All of the following EXCEPT __?__ are traits that characterize members of the Kingdom Plantae

Gametic meiosis

In order to complete its' life history, the malaria protozoan must produce ___?___ in the human host that are then transferred from the human host to the mosquito host.

Gametocytes

is credited with developing the modern theory of serial endosymbiosis.

Lynn Margulis

The ascus (sac) is the site of __?__ that forms ascospores in all genera of the Ascomycota.

Meiosis

Cells of the liver that infected by plasmodium release _?_ to the blood

Merozoites

An aggregation of fungal filaments is referred to as

Mycelia

Unlike RUBISCO, __?__ does not recognize oxygen as a substrate and is utilized in the C4 pathway.

PEP carboxylase

Exchange of micronuclei during conjugation is a feature one would expect to observe in __?__.

Paramecium

The ___?___ is a meristematic layer of cells that can produce branch roots.

Pericycle

Many members of the Foraminifera live in calcium carbonate tests or shells. These tests are full of pores. The main purpose of the pores is to __?__

Permit extension of filose pseudopodia

The phytochrome system is thought to play an important role in __?

Photoperiodism

All of the following EXCEPT __?__ are traits that characterize members of Kingdom Plantae.

Phycobilins

has two forms: "red" and "far red".

Phytochrome

is the microbial agent responsible for malaria.

Plasmodium

are characteristic of green algae and embryophytes; whereas _?_ are characteristic of the red algae

Primary chloroplasts; primary rhodoplasts

Only __?__ and __?__ are regarded as bearing primary plastids.

Rhodophyta (Red Algae); Viridiplantae (Green Algae & Green Plants)

is characterized by the acquisition of a plastid involving two eukaryotic cells--a

Secondary endosymbiosis

Lynn Margulis is largely credited with the development of the modern theory of ___?___ that explains the origin of at least some eukaryotic traits.

Serial endosymbiosis

The __?__ are comprised of organisms that produce motile stages with two unequal flagella--one with hairs and one without hairs.

Stramenopiles

Water moves with least resistance through

The apoplast

All of the following EXCEPT ___?___ constitute evidence in support of serial endosymbiosis.

The presence of asexual reproduction in protists

is a genus in the Kinetoplastid lineage that includes organisms that are responsible for Sleeping Sickness and Chagas' Disease.

Trypanosoma

The ___?___ is a lateral meristem that produces secondary xylem and secondary phloem.

Vascular cambium

The "n+n" stage in fungi comes about due to __?__

a delay of karyogamy that normally follows immediately after plasmogamy

Monocot plants are generally characterized by all of the following EXCEPT __?

a eustele in the stem

seedless plant life cycle

a- Antheridium b-Archegonium c-Zygote d- Sorus e- Sporangium

Life cycle of ascomycete

a- Ascus b- Ascospores c-Ascocarp d-Conidiophore e- Conidia

leaf amatomy

a- Bundle sheath b- xylem c- Phloem d- Palisade mesophyll e- spongy mesophyll

Dicot root

a- xylem b- phloem c- pericycle d- endodermis e- cortex

life cycle of moss - Bryophyta

a-Antheridia b- Archegonia c- Embryo d-Mature sporophyte e- Sporangium

Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization

a-Ovary b-ovule c- Micopyle d- polar nuclei e- Egg

The Phaeophyta (Brown Algae) include complex organisms such as Laminaria--this organism has a complex life history called

alternation of generations

Paramecium utilizes __?__ to capture suspended organic matter. Once captured, the organic matter is digested __?_

an oral groove; in a food vacuole

The Gymnosperms and the Angiosperms are similar in that both ___?__

are heterosporous

Sclerenchyma tissue is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT _

being alive at functional maturity

Peristome teeth in mosses open and close in response to

changes in relative humidity

Chara and its relatives have __?__ in their plastids.

chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b

Euglena is a member of the Excavata. Euglena is capable of photosynthesis because it has

chloroplasts with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b

Mitochondria and plastids are like prokaryotic organisms in that they possess __?__ and

circular DNA; 70S ribosomes

Most gymnamoeba are __?__ whereas entamoeba are

free-living heterotrophs; parasites

An uninfected mosquito can become infected with Plasmodium by taking a blood meal that contains _

gametocytes

The life cycle of Plasmodium is

haplobiontic/haploid (Hh)

The cell wall of diatoms resists degradation and, as a consequence, diatoms _

have an excellent fossil record

The receptor for phototropism in coleoptiles is _

in the tip and responds to blue light

A sieve cell (sieve tube member) is unusual in that __

it lacks a nucleus at maturity

Fern gametophytes are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

jacketed sporangia

some members of the Alveolata are responsible for ___?___, a disease that is typically recognized through the regularly-occurring bouts of fever and fatigue that it produces.

malaria

Guard cells lose turgor as a consequence of __?__ efflux followed by water loss.

potassium ion

Fern sporophytes are characterized by

sporangia organized into a sorus

Moss sporophytes have all of the following EXCEPT

roots

The vascular bundle of a typical eustele is comprised of _

sclerenchyma, xylem and phloem

The ___?___ are collectively known as the calyx.

sepals

Meiosis is Plasmodium occurs in

the mosquito

Secondary xylem is also known as

wood

The __?__ is a __?__ stage that produces the sporozoite stage of Plasmodium that ends up in the salivary glands of the female mosquito.

zygote; diploid