Final Ch 9 and 10

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During which stage of mitosis do replicated chromosomes condense and both the nuclear membrane and the nucleolus disappear?

prophase

The proper sequence -- from beginning to end -- for the stages of mitosis is:

prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase

A protein encoded by a tumor-suppressor gene normally acts to _____.

restrict cell division

Replicated copies of each chromosome are called _____; they are joined together at the _____.

sister chromatids, centromere

The pairing of homologous chromosomes all along their lengths is mediated by proteins called cohesins. What is THIS PARTICULAR phenomenon called?

synapsis

Another term for fertilization

syngamy

During which stage of mitosis does the spindle disassemble, the nuclear membrane reform, and chromosomes uncoil?

telophase

A cell with a diploid number of 24 undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes are in each daughter cell?

12

The random orientation (position) of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I is called...

Independent assortment

Reproductive cells that unite to form an offspring

gamates

Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces _____.

gametes

In humans, gametes are ____, whereas, somatic cells are _____.

haploid, diploid

DNA within the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells is wrapped around positively charged proteins called _____.

histones

If the organisms's diploid number is 64, its haploid number is ______.

32

Meiosis results in _____.

4 haploid daughter cells

The diploid number of chromosomes in humans is normally _____.

46

About how many times will a normal human cell divide in culture? This is called the Hayflick limit.

50

What actually causes cancer in cells?

Damage to genes controlling cell division, such as tumor-suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes

During which stage of meiosis do synapsis and crossing over occur?

Prophase I

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

S

What is the network of protein cables that will shorten and pull the chromatids to opposite ends of the cell?

Spindle

Which phase of the cell cycle is NOT correctly matched to its description?

Spindle formation- S

In humans, where are germline cells found?

The ovaries and testes

Looking through the microscope, you see sister chromatids moving to opposite sides of the cell. Therefore, you conclude that the cell is in _____.

anaphase

Prokaryotic cells divide by a process known as _____.

binary fission

The swapping of genetic information during meiosis

crossing over

The process in which two gametes unite

fertilization

Which of the following distinguishes prophase 1 of meiosis from prophase of mitosis?

homologous chromosomes pair up

The G1, S, and G2 phases of the cell cycle are collectively known as _____.

interphase

Series of life stages and events of a sexually reproducing organism

life cycle

A type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half

meiosis

The process that serves to decrease the cell's chromosome number by half is ______.

meiosis

Looking through the microscope, you see chromosomes lined up at the equatorial plate in the middle, so you conclude the cells are in _____.

metaphase

In what type of cell would a cell plate form after telophase is complete?

plant


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