Final- Multiple Choice 1

the ratio of good output to quantity of raw material input is called:

process yield

Competitiveness doesn't include: operations management

productivity

Dealing with the fact that certain aspects of any management situation are more important than others is called:

recognition of priorities.

Core competencies in organizations generally do not relate to:

sales price

which of the following is not a key factor in competitiveness?

size of organization

product design and choice of location are examples of ____ decisions.

strategic

Which of the following most involves coordinating the activities among all the elements of the business including its suppliers and distributors? quality management pollution control supply chain management technological change competition from foreign manufacturers

supply chain management

Time Estimates (days) Activity Precedes Optimistic Most Likely Pessimistic Start A,B,C - - - A D 38 50 62 B E 90 99 108 C End 85 100 115 D F 19 25 31 E End 91 100 115 F End 62 65 68 What is the probability that this project will be completed within 205 days?

.8413 calculate the appropriate zscore and refer to the standard normal distribution

Most Likely Pessimistic Start U, V - - - U W 35 50 65 V W,X 28 40 52 W Z 26 35 44 X Y 28 40 52 Y Z 26 29 38 Z End 36 60 84 What is the probability that the critical path for this project will be completed within 200 days?

0.9987. Convert 200 days into a z score, then refer to this standard normal distribution.

a node has one entering activity, a, and two leaving activities, b and c. Given the following information, determine the latest starting time for activity a: EFb=15 EFc=17 LFb=24 LFc=27; activity times are a=4, b=6, c=8.

14

In an assembly operation at a furniture factory, six employees assembled an average of 450 standard dining chairs per five-day week. What is the labor productivity of this operation?

15 chairs/worker/day

Most Likely Pessimistic Start U, V - - - U W 35 50 65 V W,X 28 40 52 W Z 26 35 44 X Y 28 40 52 Y Z 26 29 38 Z End 36 60 84 What is the estimated expected (mean) time for project completion?

170 days -add up estimated durations of critical path activities

A project is represented by the following diagram: The expected duration of this project is:

20

What is the earliest finish time for activity 10-11 (far right-hand side) if the earliest start time of 8-10 (upper left-hand side) is 12 and the earliest start time of 9-10 (lower left-hand side) is 13?

23

Most Likely Pessimistic Start U, V - - - U W 35 50 65 V W,X 28 40 52 W Z 26 35 44 X Y 28 40 52 Y Z 26 29 38 Z End 36 60 84 What is the estimated slack time for activity w?

25 days subtract the earliest finish from the latest finish, or the earliest start from the latest start.

Most Likely Pessimistic Start U, V - - - U W 35 50 65 V W,X 28 40 52 W Z 26 35 44 X Y 28 40 52 Y Z 26 29 38 Z End 36 60 84 What is the estimated expected (mean time) for any activity Y?

30 days

Activity C has an early start time of 8, an early finish time of 12, a latest start time of 13, and a latest finish time of 17. It's slack is:

5

Gourmet Pretzels bakes soft pretzels on an assembly line. It currently bakes 800 pretzels each eight-hour shift. If the production is increased to 1,200 pretzels each shift, then productivity will have increased by:

50%

Consider the following WBS: Time Estimates (days) Activity Precedes Optimistic Most Likely Pessimistic Start A,B,C - - - A D 38 50 62 B E 90 99 108 C End 85 100 115 D F 19 25 31 E End 91 100 115 F End 62 65 68 What is the estimated slack time for activity A?

60 days use estimated durations and then compute earliest start/earliest finish and latest start/latest finish for each activity

a PERT/CPM activity has an optimistic time estimate of three days, a most likely time estimate of eight days, and a pessimistic time estimate of 10 days. The expected time (in days) of this activity is:

7.5

Most Likely Pessimistic Start U, V - - - U W 35 50 65 V W,X 28 40 52 W Z 26 35 44 X Y 28 40 52 Y Z 26 29 38 Z End 36 60 84 what is the estimated standard deviation in the time for activity Z?

8 days estimated standard deviation is the square root of [(84-36)/6^2

suppose a country's productivity last year was 84. If this country's productivity growth rate of 5 percent is to be maintained, this means that this year's productivity will have to be:

88.2

a popular visual tool for planning and scheduling simple projects, and for monitoring progress is the:

Gantt chart

project management differs from Management of more traditional activities mainly becuse of: I. its limited time frame. II. its unique, defined set of activities. III. the requirement for use of the appropriate resources. IV. the need for planning and execution.

I and II

Which of the following are advantages of PERT and CPM? I. It is visual. II. It is automatically updated. III. Activities that need to be watched closely can be identified.

I and III

Which of the following is not one of the six key decisions in project management? I. Selecting the project team II. Deciding on the project manager's title III. Managing and controlling project resources IV. Deciding which projects to implement V. Selecting the project manager

II

The fact that a few improvements in a few key areas of operations will have more impact than many improvements in many other areas is consistent with the:

Pareto phenomenon.

Which of the following is not a benefit of using models in decision making? They serve as a consistent tool for evaluation. They provide a standardized format for analyzing a problem. They offer insights into fundamental issues at play in a decision-making setting. They are easy to use and less expensive than dealing with the actual situation. They force the decision maker to take into account qualitative issues such as personalities and emotions.

They force the decision maker to take into account qualitative issues such as personalities and emotions.

Which of the following is not true about the systems approach? -A systems approach is essential whenever something is being redesigned or improved. -A systems approach concentrates on efficiency within subsystems. -A systems viewpoint is almost always beneficial in decision making. -A systems approach emphasizes interrelationships among subsystems. -All of the choices are true.

a systems approach concentrates on efficiency within subsystems

If one organization is better able than most to respond to changes in demands or opportunities, we say that organization exhibits higher:

agility.

Technology choices can have a major impact on:

all of the above

in "crashing" a project, a manager will generally focus on activities which:

are on the critical path and are the least costly to crash. -the manager must take case to consider critical paths that emerge as the project is shortened.

A project is represented by the following diagram: The critical path for the network shown is:

b-e-f-g

The process of comparing outputs to previously established standards to determine if corrective action is needed is called:

controlling

Unique attributes of firms that give them a competitive edge are called:

core competencies

shortening activity durations is called

crashing

Which of the following is not a characteristic of service operations: intangible output low uniformity of input high customer contact easy measurement of productivity high labor content

easy measurement of productivity

which of the following is not among the chief reasons organizations fail?

emphasizing labor productivity in labor intensive environments

Which of the following is determined as a direct result of computing the earliest starting and finishing times for the activities of a project network? activity slack time maximum project duration variance in project duration Correct expected project duration which activities are on the critical path

expected project duration

Measurements taken at various points in the transformation process for control purposes are called:

feedback

Budgeting, analysis of investment proposals, and provision of funds are activities associated with the ________ function.

finance

Which is not an area of significant difference between man

forecasting demand

Which of the following is true? corporate mission is shaped by functional strategies functional strategies are shaped by corporate strategy corporate mission is shaped by corporate strategy corporate strategy is shaped by functional strategies External conditions are shaped by corporate mission

functional strategies are shaped by corporate strategy

Which of the following stages in that one in which the project's expected costs, benefits, and risks are assessed?

initiating

time-based approaches of business organizations focus on reducing the time to accomplish certain necessary activities. Time reductions seldom apply to:

internal audits

The advantage a precedence diagram has over a Gantt chart is:

its ability to reveal relationships among activities

the basis doe use of the beta distribution on PERT is:

its features that make it attractive in practice

in project network analysis, "slack" refers to the difference between?

latest and earliest times

In a project network, the critical path is the sequence of activities which as the:

longest duration

Marketing personnel and product designers must work closely with operations to successfully develop and produce new products because operations personnel can best judge how ________ new product designs will be.

manufacturable

which of the following factors would tend to reduce productivity? less variety in the product mix reductions in labor turnover reductions in the scrap rate improvements in workplace safety more experienced workers

more experienced workers

iin the probabilistic approach to project network analysis, at the time esimate annotated tm for any activity is the:

most likely time

An organization's mission statement serves as the basis for:

organizational goals.

a sequence of activities that leads from the starting node to the finishing node is called a:

path

in the execution phase of a project's life cycle, activities are guided by decisions that were made in the ___ phase.

planning

Business organizations consist of three major functional areas which, ideally:

support one another.

Which of the following refers to a service and production processes that use resources in ways that do not harm ecological systems? Marketability Sustainability Transportability perishability supportability

sustainability

The responsibilities of the operations manager include:

the creation of goods or provision of services.

at which point does crashing of a project cease?

when the cost to crash equals or exceeds the benefits of crashing.

A hierarchical listing of what must be done in a project is called a:

work breakdown structure (WBS)

a productivity increase in one operation that does not improve overall productivity of the business is not

worthwhile