Final quiz 12
Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a freeway. She usually takes the street to the south when heading southbound on the freeway to work, but that street is closed for repairs for three months. Amber takes the street to the north during that time. After the street to the south is re-opened, she continues to take the street to the north, even thought it is a slightly longer route. Continuing to take the street to the north represent
A mental set
Dr. Chan is doing a follow-up study to the mutilated checkerboard problem experiment. In this new study, participants solve the following show problem before tackling the checkerboard problem. By doing this, Dr. Chan is studying the effect of__________ on problem solving
Analogies
Which of the following is NOT commonly associated with people who are considered highly creative
Analysis
Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems?
Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field
The typical purpose of sub goals is to
Bring the problem solver closer and closer to the goal state
Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt were to a solution. The purpose of this experiment was to
Demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems
Holly was in her mother-in-law's kitchen preparing lunch for the family. When she was ready to dish up the soup, she searched all the cupboards and drawers for a ladle but couldn't find one. She decided to wait until her mother-in-law returned to ask her where the ladle was, leaving the soup in the stove pot. Her mother-in-law later explained that the ladle had been broken, so she told Holly to use a coffee mug to "spoon" the soup into bowls. Holly's ability to solve the "dish up the soup" problem was hindered by which of the following obstacles?
Functional fixedness
Finke's creating an object studies how that people were more likely to come up with creative uses for Previnventive objects if they
Made the objects themselves
Gick and Holyoak proposed that analogical problem solving involves the following three steps:
Noticing, mapping, and applying
Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a
Novel Object
The elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPT
Operators
Gestalt Psychologists consider problem solving as a process involving
Reorganization or restructuring
The circle problem, in which the task is to determine the length of a line inside a circle, was proposed to illustrate
Representation and restructuring
Warmth judgments on nearness to a solution ____ prior to the solution of an insight problem and ____ prior to the solution of a non-insight problem.
Rise suddenly just; gradually rise
The water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does provide a solution to a problem is that, if well-learned, it May prevent us from
Seeing more efficient solutions to the problem
Janet is alone in a room that contains a chair and a shelf with a book resting on top. She attempts to retrieve the book, but the shelf is a foot above her reach. How will Janet retrieve the book? Psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem because
The solution is immediately obvious
Insight refers to
a sudden realization of a problem's solution