Final Review Quiz

Match IgG, IgA, IgE, IgD, IgM -The major antibody produced in secondary immune response -It can cross the epithelial layer and enter into body secretion and provides local immunity in GI tracts, respiratory tract, genital tract etc -It plays an important role in maturation and proliferation of B-cell -The first antibody produced in primary immune response and it is also the first Ig produced by neonate. -This antibody's levels in the blood of normal individuals are very low and its level increases during parasitic infection and in allergic reactions.

-The major antibody produced in secondary immune response: IgG -It can cross the epithelial layer and enter into body secretion and provides local immunity in GI tracts, respiratory tract, genital tract etc: IgA -It plays an important role in maturation and proliferation of B-cell: IgD -The first antibody produced in primary immune response and it is also the first Ig produced by neonate: IgM -This antibody's levels in the blood of normal individuals are very low and its level increases during parasitic infection and in allergic reactions: IgE

Match the vaccine with the correct type Inactivated (2), Toxoid (1), Subunit (1), Live attenuated (2) Flu Polio (Salk vaccine) Tetanus Pertussis Measles Rubella

Flu: Inactivated Polio (Salk vaccine): Inactivated Tetanus: Toxoid Pertussis: Subunit Measles: Live attenuated Rubella: Live attenuated

Match the disease with the appropriate vaccine IPV (1), DTaP (3), MMR (3), Varicella (1), Gardasil (1) Polio Tetanus Mumps Measles Rubella Chickenpox HPV Diptheria Pertussis

Polio: IPV Tetanus: DTaP Mumps: MMR Measles: MMR Rubella: MMR Chickenpox: Varicella HPV: Gardasil Diptheria: DTap Pertussis: DTaP

While providing discharge instructions to a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse includes which information? Select all: a. "Monitor your temperature." b. "Take corticosteroid doses as needed." c. "Get adequate rest." d. "Exercise intensely three times per week." e. "Wear sunblock."

a. "Monitor your temperature." c. "Get adequate rest." e. "Wear sunblock."

A patient has a burn on the back of the torso that is extremely red and painful but no blisters are present. When you pressed on the skin it blanches. You document this as a: a. 1st degree (superficial) burn b. 2nd degree (partial-thickness) burn c. 3rd degree (full-thickness) burn d. 4th degree (deep full-thickness) burn

a. 1st degree (superficial) burn

During the acute phase of a burn, the nurse in-charge should assess which of the following? a. Circulatory status b. Alcohol use c. Client's lifestyle d. Tobacco use

a. Circulatory status

Sickle cell disease is caused by the presence of which of the following? a. Hemoglobin S b. Hemoglobin A c. Hematocrit A d. Hemoglobin F

a. Hemoglobin S

Your patient has been admitted for appendicitis and currently has a fever and tachycardia. Which of the following lab results would you most likely expect in this scenario? a. Increased white blood cell (WBC) count b. Decreased prothrombin time (PT) c. Increased red blood cell (RBC) count d. Increased prothrombin time (PT)

a. Increased white blood cell (WBC) count

You are caring for a 47-year old male with lung cancer, who has been receiving chemotherapy for the last 6 months. The most recent lab results show a decreased white blood cell count. This puts the patient at increased risk for which of the following? a. Infection b. Muscle lose c. Muscle cramps d. Blood loss

a. Infection

A woman asks the nurse, "How do oral contraceptives prevent pregnancy?" The nurse explains that the combination of estrogen and progesterone in oral contraceptives: a. prevents ovulation b. prohibits implantation of the egg c. acts as a barrier by destroying sperm d. makes cervical mucus hostile to sperm

a. prevents ovulation

The nurse cares for a client with pernicious anemia. Which statement will the nurse include in the client teaching regarding this condition? a. A diet rich in protein and leafy vegetables treats your disease." b. "Cyanocobalamin is given intramuscularly at regular intervals." c. "Epoetin alfa is given intramuscularly to produce red blood cells." d. "Medications that decrease gastric acid increase intrinsic factor."

b. "Cyanocobalamin is given intramuscularly at regular intervals."

A male client is diagnosed with gonorrhea. When teaching the client about this disease, the nurse should include which instruction? a. "Avoid sexual intercourse until you've completed treatment, which takes 14 to 21 days." b. "Wash your hands thoroughly to avoid transferring the infection to your eyes." c. "If you don't get treatment, you may develop meningitis and suffer widespread central nervous system (CNS) damage." d. "If you have intercourse before treatment ends, tell sexual partners of your status and have them wash well after intercourse."

b. "Wash your hands thoroughly to avoid transferring the infection to your eyes."

You're providing a free educational clinic to new moms about immunizations. You inform the attendees that the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is given? a. at 2 and 12 months b. 12 months and 4-6 years c. at 6 and 12 months d. at 4 and 6 months

b. 12 months and 4-6 years

A 30 year old female patient has deep partial thickness burns on the front and back of the right and left leg, front of right arm, and anterior trunk. The patient weighs 63 kg. Use the Parkland Burn Formula: What is the flow rate during the FIRST 8 hours (mL/hr) based on the total you calculated? a. 158 mL/hr b. 921 mL/hr c. 938 mL/hr d. 789 mL/hr

b. 921 mL/hr

The nurse provides care to a client diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two weeks earlier, the client was prescribed nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). For which adverse reactions does the nurse assess? Select all that apply a. White patches in the mouth b. A pH of 7.33 found on arterial blood gas analysis c. Raised pink or brown lesions on the legs and trunk d. Yellowing of the sclera and palms e. Increased bacteria in the urine

b. A pH of 7.33 found on arterial blood gas analysis d. Yellowing of the sclera and palms

During a history taking of a client admitted with newly diagnosed Hodgkin's disease, which of the following would the nurse expect the client to report? a. Severe lymph node pain b. Night sweats c. Weight gain d. Headache with minor visual changes

b. Night sweats

The nurse reminds a group of high school students that the most effective choice of birth control for preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases is to: a. use the barrier method b. abstain from sex c. use the female condom d. use the male condom

b. abstain from sex

A mother calls the pediatric clinic to ask when her daughter will receive the Varicella vaccine. Your answer to her question is: a. at 4 months and 4-6 years b. at 12 months and 4-6 years c. at 2, 4, and 6 months d. at 6 and 12 months

b. at 12 months and 4-6 years

A nurse is teaching a group of middle adult clients about early detection of colorectal cancer. The nurse should include the American Cancer Society recommendation that men and women beginning at age 50 who are at average risk should have a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and a colonoscopy at which of the following intervals? a. Ten years b. Five years c. One year d. Two years

b. five years a. ten years

A nurse reviews the CBC of a healthy client. Which WBCs does the nurse expect to be most numerous? a. Basophils b. Neutrophils c. Lymphocytes d. Eosinophils normally account for 1-4% of WBCs

b. neutrophils

A male client comes to the physician's office for treatment of severe sunburn. The nurse takes this opportunity to discuss the importance of protecting the skin from the sun's damaging rays. Which instruction would best prevent skin damage? a. "Minimize sun exposure from 1 to 4 p.m. when the sun is strongest." b. "Use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor of 6 or higher." c. "Apply sunscreen even on overcast days." d. "When at the beach, sit in the shade to prevent sunburn."

c. "Apply sunscreen even on overcast days."

A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has a body mass index (BMI) of 17.1. Which instructions does the nurse provide to the client? Select all: a. "Strive to gain two pounds per week." b. "Follow this meal plan carefully." c. "Choose nutrient-rich foods." d. "Eat small, frequent meals." e. "Take the prescribed megestrol acetate."

c. "Choose nutrient-rich foods" d. "Eat small, frequent meals" e. "Take the prescribed megesrol acetate"

You are providing education to a patient, who was recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, about physical exercise. Which statement made by the patient is correct? a. "It is important that I perform a range of motion exercises during joint flare-ups and incorporate low-impact exercises into my daily routine." b. "Physical exercise should be limited to only a range of motion exercises to prevent further joint damage." c. "I will be sure to rest joints that are experiencing a flare-up, but I will try to maintain a weekly regime of range of motion exercises along with walking and riding a stationary bike." d. "It is best I try to incorporate a moderate level of high impact exercises weekly into my routine, such as running and aerobics."

c. "I will be sure to rest joints that are experiencing a flare-up, but I will try to maintain a weekly regime of range of motion exercises along with walking and riding a stationary bike."

The nurse counsels a client who has tested negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after a recent exposure to contaminated blood. Which instruction does the nurse provide? a. "This indicates that you have immunity to HIV." b. "This indicates that you are not contagious" c. "You will need to repeat the test in six months." d. "The test shows that you are not infected with HIV.

c. "You will need to repeat the test in six months."

A nurse is caring for a client who has lung cancer and is scheduled for a lobectomy. The nurse should prepare the client to expect which of the following after the procedure? a. Pulmonary function studies b. A sternal incision c. A chest tube d. Moderate pain

c. A chest tube

A nurse is caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with cancer of the colon. The client asks the nurse several questions about what the provider might be planning to do. Which of the following nursing responses should the nurse make? a. Assure the client that the provider will explain what has been planned. b. Provide the client with articles from the Internet that explain colon cancer stages. c. Encourage the client to write down questions to ask the provider d. Explain the various options available for treatment based on the cancer stage

c. Encourage the client to write down questions to ask the provider

A patient has sought care because of a knee wound that appears to have become infected. Which of the following processes is a component of the cellular stage of inflammation that occurred earlier in his body's response to infection? a. Release of histamine b. Production of antibodies c. Migration of leukocytes to the area of the wound d. Constriction of the small blood vessels near the wound

c. Migration of leukocytes to the area of the wound

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy to treat lung cancer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Review laboratory test results for low hemoglobin b. Examine the skin for generalized urticaria c. Observe for signs of infection d. Monitor the mouth for signs of xerostomia

c. Observe for signs of infection

The family of a hospitalized client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) brings raw fish with rice for the client's dinner. Which action does the nurse take? a. Inform the family that food from home is not allowed b. Assist the client in handwashing before the client eats c. Remind the client of prescribed dietary restrictions d. Encourage the client to enjoy this high-protein meal

c. Remind the client of prescribed dietary restrictions

You are caring for a patient with B12 deficiency. Which of the following tests is helpful in determining the cause? a. Chvostek's sign b. Coombs test c. Schilling test d. Trousseau's sign

c. Schilling test

A nurse is providing a client who has peptic ulcer disease with instructions about managing his condition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Drink milk to aid in healing your ulcer b. Low-dose aspirin therapy should be avoided c. Avoid smoking d. Seek measures to reduce stress e. Eat six small meals a day

c. avoid measures to reduce smoking d. seek measures to reduce stress

A female client with genital herpes simplex is being treated in the outpatient department. The nurse teaches her about measures that may prevent herpes recurrences and emphasizes the need for prompt treatment if complications arise. Genital herpes simplex increases the risk of: a. cancer of the ovaries b. cancer of the uterus c. cancer of the cervix d. cancer of the vagina.

c. cancer of the cervix

The woman using a diaphragm correctly would tell the nurse that the diaphragm: a. does not require the use of a spermicidal cream or jelly with it b. is removed immediately after intercourse for douching c. should be left in place for at least 6 hours after intercourse d. is effective for up to 48 hours if positioned properly

c. should be left in place for at least 6 hours after intercourse

The phone triage nurse answers a call from a client who reports having a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for HIV. The client anxiously asks the nurse to explain what this means. How does the nurse respond? a. "This test indicates it is probable that you have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or AIDS." b. "A Western blot test should be performed next." c. "The ELISA test provides information about the viral load." d. "You will need a follow up blood test to help interpret your ELISA test results."

d. "You will need a follow up blood test to help interpret your ELISA test results."

A female client is brought to the emergency department with full thickness burns on the left arm, left anterior leg, and anterior trunk. Using the Rule of Nines, what is the total body surface area that has been burned? a. 18 b. 30 c. 27 d. 36

d. 36

Before beginning a transfusion of RBCs, which of the following actions by the nurse would be of highest priority to avoid an error during this procedure? a. Remain with the patient for 60 minutes after beginning the transfusion to watch for signs of a transfusion reaction. b. Add the blood transfusion as a secondary line to the existing IV and use the IV controller to maintain correct flow. c. Select new primary IV tubing primed with lactated Ringer's solution to use for the transfusion. d. Check the identifying information on the unit of blood against the patient's ID bracelet.

d. Check the identifying information on the unit of blood against the patient's ID bracelet.

A client's laboratory results are returned and the hemoglobin is 10 g/dL and the hematocrit is 30 percent. The highest-priority nursing goal should be to: a. Prevent constipation. b. Encourage mobility. c. Promote skin integrity. d. Conserve the client's energy

d. Conserve the client's energy

Your patient's erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is elevated. Which of the following is incorrect regarding this lab result? a. It may be elevated during infection b. It is often elevated during inflammation c. It measures the rate at which RBCs settle in a solution over time d. It is a very specific diagnostic tool

d. It is a very specific diagnostic tool

The nurse is evaluating the laboratory results of a client who was recently admitted to the hospital. Which one of the following results indicates the presence of inflammation? a. Thrombocytopenia b. Decreased sedimentation rate c. Erythrocytosis d. Leukocytosis

d. leukocytosis

A 25-year-old woman has a family history of breast cancer. The nurse reviews the procedure for breast self-examination (BSE) and tells her that the best time for a woman to perform a breast self-examination is: a. on the last day of menstrual flow. b. during her menstrual period. c. a few days before her period. d. one week after the beginning of her period.

d. one week after the beginning of her period.