Fire Science Ch 10

All radio traffic ceases and only traffic relating to the MAYDAY is allowed immediately after a MAYDAY is broadcast

True

Before entering an IDLH environment, you must turn you SCBA on and be sure it is working with a full cylinder

True

Secondary searches use the same steps as primary searches

True

List 5 situations requiring a firefighter to call a MAYDAY

- air emergencies - lost/disorientation - entanglement - rapid fire development - collapse/trapped

List the three principals of air management

- always know how much air you have left - know your point of no return - inform you IC if you must exit

List 3 times when you should check your SCBA gauge to see how much air you have left

- before entering IDLH environment - when moving to one area to another - after periods of heavy work

List 3 limitations of thermal jmagers

- cannot detect a person under/behind furniture or on opposite sides of walls - cannot see through reflective surfaces (water) - may not dectect fires on below floors

List 3 basic firefighting skills that are considered essential survival skills/techniques during search and rescue operations

- forceable entry - air management - using hoselines to find your way out

List three conditions specific to search and rescue operations that should be communicated to crew members and/or your supervisor?

- location and extent of fire - changes in the heat levels - changes to fire behavior, spread, and growth

List three ways you can help rescuers find you if you are forced to shelter in place?

- shine a light to draw attention - communicate on radio - activate PASS alarm

List 3 instances when escaping to a safe haven is the best option

-Immediate threat of structural collapse -not a safe place to shelter -completely exhausted air supply

A "MAYDAY" is called when:

A firefighter is in immediate danger

Why must locating and isolating the fire be a priority before any search

Ensure fire does not spread beyond origin to protect firefighters and victims

An atmosphere is considered hazardous if it contains a hazardous gas in excess of 10 percent of the hazardous material's

Lower explosive limit

Which coupling on a hose line will indicate you are headed towards an exit

Male - goes towards water supply

If there is heavy smoke or extreme heat in a compartment that is being searched, rescuers should:

Move below the smoke level

If an exterior wall must be breached during search and rescue operations, rescue personnel:

Must coordinate with the IC and ventilation teams before making the opening

For firefighters, the environment may remain tenable as long as:

No evidence of structural collapse and heat levels stay within acceptable limits for the PPE and SCBA provided.

Panic, claustrophobia, and disorientation are effects of:

Obscured vision conditions

In which search method does the leader remain at a fixed point while searching team members spread out through a room to complete a search

Oriented-search method

Actions such as opening a bypass valve on a cylinder, sharing air, and breathing directly from the cylinder are:

Possible solutions to air emergencies

An advantage of marking with latch straps is that they:

Prevent the door from closing

When any evacuation signal is given, all exiting crews must:

Proceed to a designated safe area outside the collapse zone

VEIS is only intended for

Rapid rescue of victims and the isolation of individual rooms

An advantage of using thermal imagers during search and rescue operations is

See sources of heat through smoke and darkness

A safe haven is any area that

Is no longer considered a hostile environment

A tracking device set to search mode:

Displays the distance and direction toward another receiver (transmits through walls, floors, solid objects)

What acronym describes the mandatory tools carried by a rapid intervention crew

AWARE - air, water, a radio, extrication

When does the secondary search take place?

After the fire is under control

The AHJ should establish action levels that describe how firefighters should respond to high or low level alarms when preforming

Air monitoring

Where should you start the search on the fire floor

As close to the fire as possible

When you are seeking to escape and you locate a window you should

Ask command if opening the window will make interior conditions worse

List 2 things you should do to be physically and mentally prepared for survival during search and rescue operations

Basic skills, train for hazards

Search and rescue marks should be placed at the

Bottom 1/4 of the door

What should you do if you become entangled while trying to evacuate a building

Broadcast a MAYDAY, then attempt to free yourself

If a downed firefighter has a functioning SCBA the RIC team should move the fire fighter

Cafefully, as to not dislodge the mask

Which action can protect the egress pathway during a search so the the search team can escape if conditions change rapidly

Closing doors to ensure flow path does not change

If you think your life is in immediate danger, transmit the MAYDAY signal and then:

Communicate your situation to the IC before activating your PASS device

Which type of carry or drag is commonly used for children, but is not practical for unconscious adults?

Cradle-in-arms lift/carry

Firefighters use air-monitoring devices to:

Detect oxygen levels and hazardous substances

What is a rescuer's role in occupant self-evacuation?

Establishing a safe haven away from the structure

After locating a downed firefighter in an IDLH environment, what is the RICs priority

Exiting

A primary search is a slow, thorough search conducted after the fire is under control

False

During search and rescue operations, rescuers should not close doors

False

If air monitoring indicates that the oxygen level in the atmosphere is below 19.5 percent it is said to be an oxygen rich environment

False

Name 2 locations where sheltering in place would likely be used instead of evacuation

Hospitals, nursing homes (high roses)

Your point of no return is based on

How much air is required to exit/ how much air you consume

Under normal conditions, air management increases your work time, but if you are lost or trapped, it

Increases the amount of time you can survive trapped before you are rescued/escape

Why is breaching interior walls not a preferred method of escape?

It requires strength, depletes air supply, and creates and additional flow path

In order to conduct an effective search operation, firefighters must know the

Layout or floor plan of the building

If you are near the downed firefighter when a MAYDAY transmission is made:

Listen closely for your orders after the transmission and do not freelance

Why should personal search behind doors and on the floor below the windows

Smoke may overcome occupants hole trying to escape. (Most people found within six feet of exits)

While in a structure searching for a downed firefighter, the RIC should:

Stop frequently and briefly remain silent

How does staying low to the floor improve survivability?

Temperatures are cooler and air may be less contaminated

During a wide-area search, every team member is equipped with a:

Tether line

Air monitoring is only useful as

The operators ability to interpret data and operate the device

Why should firefighters exit the IDLH before their low-pressure alarm activates?

The remaining air is insufficient to exit from deep inside a large structure and does not take into account emergencies that may be encountered

What types of tools and equipment do search and rescue personnel carry?

Thermal imagers and forcible entry tools

A minimum of ____ firefighters are needed to perform VEIS if using a ladder

Three

What is the purpose of a rapid intervention crew

To stand by whenever firefighters are in a hazard zone, they prepare to rescue firefighters trapped or injured

If there are only two team members in a hazard zone, they must leave together

True

What are the four steps in VEIS

Vent, enter, isolate, search

A bump test is performed to:

Verify that the air monitoring device is functioning properly

When might firefighters preform air monitoring?

When determining if the atmosphere is safe

Which search method employs the use of markers such as knots at regular intervals along the search line to indicate distance from the beginning of search line

Wide-area search method

In order to safely conduct a primary search, rescuers should:

Work in teams of two or more

If a fire is encountered in a room during search and rescue operations, rescuers should:

close the door and report conditions.

During a secondary search, a firefighter should:

not remove SCBA, until atmosphere is determined safe

Rooms or closet areas where the door can be closed to prevent the spread of heat, smoke, and toxic gases into that space are called:

safe havens