First Five Presidents
XYZ affair
An insult to the American delegation when they were supposed to be meeting French foreign minister, Talleyrand, but instead they were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z" that demanded $250,000 as a bribe to see Talleyrand.
impressment
British practice of taking American sailors from American ships and forcing them into the British navy; a factor in the War of 1812.
Jay Treaty
British would leave army posts in America and pay back damages done on navy ships but would not promise to stop seizing American Ships in future. US had to pay back revolution debts. not popular
12th amendment
Brought about by the Jefferson/Burr tie, stated that presidential and vice-presidential nominees would run on the same party ticket. Before that time, all of the candidates ran against each other, with the winner becoming president and second-place becoming vice-president.
Thomas Jeffersons fav thing he did
Declaration on Religious Freedom-basis of first amendment, the government couldn't decided the religion you had to be
James Monroe
Democratic Republican, 1817-1825, two terms, antifederalist, secretary of state under washington
Thomas Jefferson
Democratic republican, 1801-1809, 2 terms
James Madison
Democratic-Republican, 1809 to 1817, two terms, federalist
John Adams
Federalist 1797-1801 one term; first prez to live in capital; first and last federalist prez
who wrote the star spangle banner
Frances Scott Key
Federalist papers
Hamilton, Jay, and Madison; demands constitution be ratified in 1789 without the bill of rights
Two parties
Hamiltonians-Federalists: Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay; supported by people in the north because of industry, strong central gov, rich should rule industry national bank fears the "common man" Jeffersonians-Democratic-Republic: Thomas Jefferson, state gov not federal, agricultural, common people smart enough to vote for rich, no national bank
Missouri Compromise (1820)
Henry Clay (Great Compromiser) 1. Missouri would become a slave state, create Maine as a free one to balance out 2. no new slaves states in the Louisiana Territory 3. Mason Dixon line, 36*30', slaves south free north
Great Triumvirate
Henry Clay (kentucky), John C. Calhoun (South Carolina), Daniel Webster (New England)
kentucky and virginia resolutions
James Madison and Thomas Jeffersons response to the Alien and Sedation Acts. opposes government; says that if a state disagrees with a federal law they can choose to ignore it. declare null and void
Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson sends two men (James Monroe and Robert Livingston) to France to buy New Orleans, Napoleon offers to sell them the whole Louisiana territory for 15 million, they accept
first supreme court justice
John Jay
Monroe's secretary of State
John Quincy Adams
Corps of Discovery
Lewis and Clark Expedition, 1804-1806... READ PAPER!!!....
Barbary States
Libia, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia. Pirates capturing US ships, sailors for ransom, we pay for protection, Pasha of tripoli wants more and declares war, peace treaty paid for. Hero=John Paul Jones
First Ladies
Martha Washington, Abigail Adams, Martha/Pattsy Jefferson, Dolly Madison, Elizabeth Monroe
where was John Adams born
Massachusetts
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Miami Conference vs. USA, fight over land in the Northwest Territory, Hero Mad Anthony Wane; ends in the Treaty of Greenville
Where was Thomas Jefferson born
Monticello, Virginia
who is the hero of the battle of New Orleans and the Battle of Tippicanoe
NO-Andrew Jackson BT-William Henry Harrison
George Washington
No party, president from 1789-1797, 2 terms
First Five presidents
Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe
Neutrality Proclamation
Washington, French Revolution. Made America neutral and told citizens not to pick sides
Alien and Sedation Acts
acts by Adams, made him really unpopular. Alien: prez could deport anyone who seemed detrimental to USA. Sedation: anyone who falsely portrayed the Gov. would get in trouble
Thomas Jeffersons political philosophy
believed in common man, believed common man would choose the right leaders, agricultural future, believed you must protect citizens liberties from the central government--states rights!
Hamiltons compromise
capital taken away from north and put in the south if the south promised to pay some of the tax debt. L'Enfant designs DC. made up of part of Delaware, Maryland, And Virginia
Judiciary Act
creates our entire court system, organized the Supreme Court, with a chief justice and five associates, as well as federal district and circuit courts and established the office of the attorney general
difference between federalists and anti-federalists
federalists wants the constitution passed without the bill of rights while anti-federalists want the constitution to be passed with the bill of rights
Treaty of Greenville
gives Northwest Territory to USA and indians get money, the right to hunt on the land in return; basically USA saying we are taking your land, we feel bad, here is 20,000
Era of Good feelings
good sense of nationalism because of War of 1812, only one political party
Where was Washington inaugurated
in New York on Wall Street on April 30, 1789
Marbury vs. Madison
questioned who had finial authority to determine the meaning of the constitution, John Marshall (SCJ) judicial review
Washingtons cabinate
secretary of state: Thomas Jefferson, secretary of treasury: Alexander Hamilton, secretary of war: Henry Knox
effects of treaty of ghent
stopped fighting but didn't really do anything else for USA or Britain, gave USA respect of other nations
judicial reviews
supreme court has the final word on the constitution
John Marshall
supreme court justice, sets up judicial reviews
tariff
tax on imports. Financial plan
Pinckney Treaty
w/ Spain, gave America almost everything they wanted including navigation of mississippi, florda, and the right to deposit goods in New Orleans. :).
Citizen Genet
wealthy man from France, says USA must help France (money) rallies people; Washington tells him to leave
embargo Act
1807, forbids exports on all goods with Europe, messed up economy and no one liked it
Battle of Tippicanoe
USA vs. Indians-Mississippi Confed. over land, USA wins at this battle, great hero William Henry Harrison. Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa
Where was James Madison born
Virginia, Montpelia
George Washington was born in
Virginia, Mt Vernon
what treaty ended the war of 1812
Treaty of Ghent, december 1814
where was James Monroe from
Virginia, last of the Virginia dynasty
French revolution
(1789-1815) Jefferson for citizens rights, Hamilton for Wealthy french; both want to go to war but for different reasons. Washington decides to stay out of it
Monroe Doctrine (1823)
-spoke out against foreign countries (Europe) coming to america to colonize. Two basic features: 1. noncolonization 2. nonintervention. -really written by John Quincy Adams. -written because they would afraid foreign countries would try to colonize the Louisiana territory -empty threat till Teddy Roosevelt
Events of the War of 1812
1. British burn capital city, Dolly Madison saves history 2. Taking of Fort McHenry, writing of Star Spangle Banner 3. Battle of New Orleans (1815), US vicorious, ANDREW JACKSON hero
causes of the War of 1812 ("Mr. Madison's War")
1. British supporting Indians with weapons 2. war hawks-Madison caught up in War fever 3. want to establish US as a powerful nation 4. impressment, search and seizure 5. maybe take canada
Washington's Farewell Adress
1. avoid political parties 2. don't get involved with foreign countries (statements, wars, etc.)
why was the Louisiana purchase important
1. biggest real-estate purchase in history 2. we got New Orleans 3. stopped possible fight with france
Jeffersons plan when he came into office
1. limit power of the executive branch 2. reduce the national debt 3.strict interpretation of the constitution 4.follow washington's foreign policy-isolation
Hamilton's financial plan
1. make the wealthy happy so they give money to the government 2. the federal government is responsible for paying for the debt 3. guarantee wealth for wealthy 4. establish the bank of america and make the charter for 20 years, would recharter then but until then don't touch it
two important indians in the Battle of TIppicanoe
Tecumseh (chief) and Tenskwatawa (Great Prophet)