Flow of Energy in Ecosystems

Complex

Food webs are more _ than food chains because they comprise several food chains put together.

Relationships, Ecosystems

Food webs are representations of the predator/prey _ between species within a(n) _ or habitat.

Trophic

Less Energy is passed as it moves up through _ levels.

50 kJ of energy

The food web is a complex system of organisms depending on other organisms to get the energy they need to survive. The number of producers affects each level of consumers in an ecosystem. The energy pyramid below shows that approximately 10of the energy from one level is passed on to the next level. The International System of Units uses joule (J) to measure energy, and kilojoule (kJ) for measuring food-related energy. Use this energy pyramid to help you calculate answers to the following questions. In the food chain below, the owl obtained 0.005 kJ of grass energy after preying upon the snake. How many kilojoules of energy did the grass originally consist of?

45,000 kJ of energy

The food web is a complex system of organisms depending on other organisms to get the energy they need to survive. The number of producers affects each level of consumers in an ecosystem. The energy pyramid below shows that approximately 10of the energy from one level is passed on to the next level. The International System of Units uses joule (J) to measure energy, and kilojoule (kJ) for measuring food-related energy. Use this energy pyramid to help you calculate answers to the following questions. Look at the food chain below. If 45 kJ of energy that the shark consumed from the sea bass was originally from the algae, how many kilojoules of energy did the sea algae consist of?

Decomposers recycle nutrients from dead plant or animal matter back to the soil in both terrestrial environments or to the water in aquatic environments.

What is the role of decomposers in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems?

The transfer of matter occurs into and out of the physical environment occurs at every level.

What trophic level (producer, consumer, decomposer) does matter pass through?

Terrestrial

A land environment.

Aquatic

A water environment.

Producers

Able to transform the energy of the sun to make food.

Decomposer

Breaks down plant and animal remains and waste into molecules that producers reuse to make energy.

Consumers either eat producers directly or eat other consumers that had already eaten producers. Producers receive direct energy from the sun so consumers need producers either directly or indirectly to receive the energy necessary for their survival.

How do consumers interact with producers in an ecosystem?

Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only changed. Matter ( like hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen) may combine in different ways and change form, but it continues to cycle through the living and non living parts of the ecosystem.

How do matter cycles demonstrate the conservation of matter in a system?

From the snake and the frog.

How does the eagle DIRECTLY obtain its energy?

Energy enters the system through the sun and is cycled between organisms (producers, consumers, decomposers) within the system. Finally, the energy is given off as heat back into the ecosystem.

How is energy transferred into and out of the system?

The atoms that make up the organisms in an ecosystem are cycled repeatedly between the living and nonliving parts of the ecosystem.

How is matter cycled through an ecosystem?

90% of the energy is given off as heat.

How much energy is given off as heat as the energy travels up the trophic levels?

10% of the energy is transferred to the next trophic level.

How much energy is transferred to the organism at the next trophic level.

Decomposers break down carbon from once living things and return the nutrients to the soil for the plants to use.

One way matter is cycled through both the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem is -

Consumer

Organism that must consume other organisms.

Energy Transfer

The cycles of matter on Earth depend on _ in which energy moves between organisms.

0.2 kJ of energy

The food web is a complex system of organisms depending on other organisms to get the energy they need to survive. The number of producers affects each level of consumers in an ecosystem. The energy pyramid below shows that approximately 10of the energy from one level is passed on to the next level. The International System of Units uses joule (J) to measure energy, and kilojoule (kJ) for measuring food-related energy. Use this energy pyramid to help you calculate answers to the following questions. A rabbit (primary consumer) is preyed upon and consumed by a fox (secondary consumer). Before being consumed, the rabbit ate leaves and berries containing 20 kJ of energy. How many kilojoules of the energy from the leaves and berries did the fox obtain from eating the rabbit?

0.6 kJ of energy

The food web is a complex system of organisms depending on other organisms to get the energy they need to survive. The number of producers affects each level of consumers in an ecosystem. The energy pyramid below shows that approximately 10of the energy from one level is passed on to the next level. The International System of Units uses joule (J) to measure energy, and kilojoule (kJ) for measuring food-related energy. Use this energy pyramid to help you calculate answers to the following questions. An owl eats three mice. Prior to being eaten, the three mice jointly consumed a small block of cheese containing 60 kJ of energy. How many kilojoules of energy from the block of cheese did the owl obtain after consuming the three mice?

Ecological Recycling

The movement and exchange of living and nonliving matter back into the production of living matter.

Food chains show the relationship between organisms that get energy from other organisms. They show us that energy is passed on to organisms all the way through a food chain.

What do food chains demonstrate about energy?

The arrows point in the direction the energy flows.

What do the arrows in the food chains and food webs represent?

Food Web

What does the image show?

Most of the energy is lost.

What happens to energy as it moves from a producer to the top consumer?

Decomposers break down the dead organism's atoms and return them to the soil. Plants absorb these atoms as nutrients. Primary consumers eat the plants and then absorb some of the atoms when they digest the plant. Therefore, the atoms that make up the organisms in an ecosystem are cycled repeatedly between the living and nonliving parts of the ecosystem.

What happens to the atoms that make up organisms once they die?