fluid and electrolytes lippincott questions

For the past 24 hours, a client with dry skin and dry mucous membranes has had a urine output of 600 ml and a fluid intake of 800 ml. The client's urine is dark amber. These assessments indicate which nursing diagnosis?

deficient fluid volume

A client is admitted for acute kidney injury and has a potassium level of 5.6 mEq/L (mmol/L), a blood glucose level of 80 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L), and an electrocardiogram demonstrating peaked T waves. What prescription would the nurse question?

spironolactone PO

A nurse is caring for a client with a nursing diagnosis of fluid volume deficit related to impaired thirst mechanism. Which outcome would the nurse determine as most appropriate for this client?

the clients intake and output are balanced

A client has been admitted with severe burns. Lactated Ringer's has been ordered to infuse via a pump. Why is this solution being used?

to prevent signs of hypovolemic shock and restore circulation

a client has a serum calcium level of 7.2. during the physical examination the nurse expects to assess ..

Trousseau's sign

The student nurse asks why a client is receiving an I.V. of lactated Ringer's with potassium following an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis. What is the best response by the nurse?

With acidosis, the intracellular potassium switches places with the plasma hydrogen ions to buffer the acidosis; the lactated Ringer's helps restore the bicarbonate reserves

a client has been taking furosemide for 2 days. the nurse should review the labratory record for changes in which blood level?

a decreased potassium

a client with an I.V. of normal saline at 150 ml/hr reports dyspnea and restlessness. what is the priority nursing action?

assess lung sounds

A client is receiving spironolactone for treatment of bilateral lower extremity edema. The nurse should instruct the client to make which nutritional modification to prevent an electrolyte imbalance?

decrease foods high in potassium

When assessing a client diagnosed with third spacing, a nurse should expect to assess manifestation?

decreased blood pressure

A client with a serum glucose level of 618 mg/dl (34.33 mmol/L) is admitted to the facility. The client is awake and oriented, has hot dry skin, and has the following vital signs: temperature of 100.6° F (38.1° C), heart rate of 116 beats/minute, and blood pressure of 108/70 mm Hg. Based on these assessment findings, which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority?

deficient fluid volume related to osmotic diuresis

The nurse is caring for a client with a serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L. Which order for intravenous fluids should the nurse should question?

dextrose 5% in water (D5W)

A primary health care provider prescribes regular insulin 10 units intravenously (I.V.) along with 50 ml of dextrose 50% for a client with acute renal failure. What electrolyte imbalance is this client most likely experiencing?

hyperkalemia

Which type of solution, when administered I.V., would cause fluid to shift from body tissues to the bloodstream?

hypertonic

a physician orders a loop diuretic for a patient. when administering this drug, the nurse anticipates that the client may develop which electrolyte imbalance?

hypokalemia

an older adult is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia. the nurse learns that the client lives alone and has not been eating or drinking properly. upon physical assessment, the nurse notes tachycardia, hypotension, and hyperthermia. which admission order would the nurse implement first?

intravenous fluid hydration

A physician orders an isotonic I.V. solution for a client. Which solution should the nurse plan to administer?

lactated ringers solution

A client reports occasional numbness in the fingers and lips. Which dietary choices should the nurse encourage the client eat?

milk products

a client who has been taking furosemide has a serum potassium level of 3.2. which assessment findings by the nurse would confirm an electrolyte imbalance?

muscle weakness and a weak irregular pulse

The sudden onset of which sign indicates a potentially serious complication for the client receiving an IV infusion?

noisy respirations

A client is placed on hypocalcemia precautions after removal of the parathyroid gland for cancer. The nurse should observe the client for which symptoms? Select all that apply.

numbness, tingling, muscle twitching and spasms

A client has a nursing diagnosis of fluid volume deficit. Which nursing assessment finding would support this diagnosis?

orthostatic blood pressure changes

An older adult client with heart failure and 2+ pitting edema is prescribed furosemide. Due to the effects of furosemide, which additional medication should the nurse recommend to the client to supplement when taking furosemide?

potassium

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which finding has the greatesteffect on fluid loss?

rapid, deep respirations

a client is receiving IV fluids and upon assessment presents with increased pulse, increased respirations, and JVD. what is the priority action by the nurse?

slow the IV rate and notify the physician.

A client is at risk for excess fluid volume. Which nursing intervention ensures the most accurate monitoring of the client's fluid status?

weighing the client daily at the same time every day