FON 241 - Chapter 9

Which of the following is a feature of physical inactivity and energy balance?

Differences in the time obese and lean people spend lying, sitting, standing, and moving account for about 350 kcalories per day

True or False? According to body mass index values, 1/2 of the U.S. adult population is considered overweight or obese.

False

What is not a recommended strategy for weight gain in an underweight person?

Forced awakening during the night for supplemental meals and snacks

Why, in part, is weight loss more successful with exercise and also after bypass surgery?

Ghrelin levels are relatively low

What is the principal reason that appetite is turned off immediately after a person finishes an intense workout?

Glucose and fatty acids are still abundant in the blood

What is the classification of a person who is 6 feet 4 inches tall and 202 lbs?

Healthy weight

Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is termed

Hypertrophic obesity.

What is a characteristic of the lipoprotein lipase enzyme?

In men, the enzyme activity is high in abdominal fat cells

What is a feature of gastric surgery for the treatment of clinically severe obesity?

It diminishes the amount of food that can be eaten without GI distress

What is a feature of ghrelin?

It stimulates appetite and energy storage

What is known to promote fat storage in adipocytes?

Lipoprotein lipase

Adverse effects on organs such as the liver from the presence of excess body fat is known as

Lipotoxicity

What is a characteristic of fat cell development?

More and larger fat cells are found in obese people compared with healthy-weight persons

Compared with non-obese people, obese people have a lower

Physical activity level.

Define the body's set point?

Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight

The most likely explanation for why women readily store fat around the hips whereas men readily store fat around the abdomen is gender differences in

The activity of lipoprotein lipase.

What is the principal reason that the FDA has banned the sale of products containing ephedrine?

The products were implicated in several cases of heart attacks and seizures

What is not a feature of fat cell metabolism in men and women?

The rate of fat breakdown is higher in women than in men

What is a safe rate of weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people?

0.5-2 lbs/week

Approximately what percentage of overweight people who intentionally lose weight are able to maintain at least a 10% weight loss for at least one year?

17

A typical person who burns 200 kcalories during a 2-mile run would, in the post-exercise period, burn an additional

30 kcalories.

What minimum amount of body weight loss (lbs) is shown to improve physical capabilities and quality of life?

5-10

At any given time, approximately what percentage of all U.S. adults are attempting to lose weight?

60

To help prevent body fat gain, the DRI suggests daily, moderately intense, physical activities totaling

60 minutes

Among the following, which is the most important strategy for an underweight person who wishes to achieve a healthy body weight?

A high-kcalorie diet plus regular exercise

In the quest for achieving desirable body weight, adults have control over all of the following EXCEPT

Adipocyte number.

What is a feature of the body's response to engaging in physical activity?

After an intense and vigorous workout, metabolism remains elevated for several hours

The feeling of satiety from weight-loss diets is best achieved by diets rich in

Complex carbohydrates

What does not represent a common environmental influence on eating behaviors?

Being in a pleasant atmosphere often lengthens the time of the meal but not the amount of food eaten

Describe the relationship between leptin and energy balance?

Blood levels of leptin usually correlate directly with body fat

Kirima is a Native Eskimo who lives in one of the coldest regions in the world. What type of adipose tissue is most effective at helping her to maintain warm body temperatures during the coldest parts of the year?

Brown

What is not a feature of nonprescription weight-loss products?

By law, all of them must explain the risks associated with their plans

What is a characteristic of most fad diets?

They limit food choices, thereby reducing energy intake

What is a feature of the use of artificial sweeteners to control body weight?

They may lead to weight gain in some people

True or False? Approximately 2000 kcalories per week should be expended in physical activity in order to maintain a weight loss.

True

True or False? As a general rule, a minimum of 1200 kcalories per day is necessary to ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight.

True

True or False? The effects of sleep deprivation can decrease leptin and increase ghrelin.

True

What is generally NOT a strategy associated with successful weight loss efforts?

Weighing yourself infrequently

What serves as the body's chief storage site for lipids?

White adipose tissue