FON 241 - Chapter 9
Which of the following is a feature of physical inactivity and energy balance?
Differences in the time obese and lean people spend lying, sitting, standing, and moving account for about 350 kcalories per day
True or False? According to body mass index values, 1/2 of the U.S. adult population is considered overweight or obese.
False
What is not a recommended strategy for weight gain in an underweight person?
Forced awakening during the night for supplemental meals and snacks
Why, in part, is weight loss more successful with exercise and also after bypass surgery?
Ghrelin levels are relatively low
What is the principal reason that appetite is turned off immediately after a person finishes an intense workout?
Glucose and fatty acids are still abundant in the blood
What is the classification of a person who is 6 feet 4 inches tall and 202 lbs?
Healthy weight
Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is termed
Hypertrophic obesity.
What is a characteristic of the lipoprotein lipase enzyme?
In men, the enzyme activity is high in abdominal fat cells
What is a feature of gastric surgery for the treatment of clinically severe obesity?
It diminishes the amount of food that can be eaten without GI distress
What is a feature of ghrelin?
It stimulates appetite and energy storage
What is known to promote fat storage in adipocytes?
Lipoprotein lipase
Adverse effects on organs such as the liver from the presence of excess body fat is known as
Lipotoxicity
What is a characteristic of fat cell development?
More and larger fat cells are found in obese people compared with healthy-weight persons
Compared with non-obese people, obese people have a lower
Physical activity level.
Define the body's set point?
Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight
The most likely explanation for why women readily store fat around the hips whereas men readily store fat around the abdomen is gender differences in
The activity of lipoprotein lipase.
What is the principal reason that the FDA has banned the sale of products containing ephedrine?
The products were implicated in several cases of heart attacks and seizures
What is not a feature of fat cell metabolism in men and women?
The rate of fat breakdown is higher in women than in men
What is a safe rate of weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people?
0.5-2 lbs/week
Approximately what percentage of overweight people who intentionally lose weight are able to maintain at least a 10% weight loss for at least one year?
17
A typical person who burns 200 kcalories during a 2-mile run would, in the post-exercise period, burn an additional
30 kcalories.
What minimum amount of body weight loss (lbs) is shown to improve physical capabilities and quality of life?
5-10
At any given time, approximately what percentage of all U.S. adults are attempting to lose weight?
60
To help prevent body fat gain, the DRI suggests daily, moderately intense, physical activities totaling
60 minutes
Among the following, which is the most important strategy for an underweight person who wishes to achieve a healthy body weight?
A high-kcalorie diet plus regular exercise
In the quest for achieving desirable body weight, adults have control over all of the following EXCEPT
Adipocyte number.
What is a feature of the body's response to engaging in physical activity?
After an intense and vigorous workout, metabolism remains elevated for several hours
The feeling of satiety from weight-loss diets is best achieved by diets rich in
Complex carbohydrates
What does not represent a common environmental influence on eating behaviors?
Being in a pleasant atmosphere often lengthens the time of the meal but not the amount of food eaten
Describe the relationship between leptin and energy balance?
Blood levels of leptin usually correlate directly with body fat
Kirima is a Native Eskimo who lives in one of the coldest regions in the world. What type of adipose tissue is most effective at helping her to maintain warm body temperatures during the coldest parts of the year?
Brown
What is not a feature of nonprescription weight-loss products?
By law, all of them must explain the risks associated with their plans
What is a characteristic of most fad diets?
They limit food choices, thereby reducing energy intake
What is a feature of the use of artificial sweeteners to control body weight?
They may lead to weight gain in some people
True or False? Approximately 2000 kcalories per week should be expended in physical activity in order to maintain a weight loss.
True
True or False? As a general rule, a minimum of 1200 kcalories per day is necessary to ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight.
True
True or False? The effects of sleep deprivation can decrease leptin and increase ghrelin.
True
What is generally NOT a strategy associated with successful weight loss efforts?
Weighing yourself infrequently
What serves as the body's chief storage site for lipids?
White adipose tissue