Foods Nutrition Test

Pancreas:

A gland connected to the small intestine

People who do not eat enough foods with iron may develop______.

Anemia

The stomach breaks down food into _____, which is a thick liquid.

Chyme

__________ breaks down and changes food into forms the body can use for energy.

Digestion.

The ________ connects the stomach to the mouth and performs a smooth, rhythmic motion called _______ to move food through itself.

Esophagus, Peristalsis

Proteins:

Helps build, repair, and maintain, or preserve, body tissues.

Vitamins:

Helps cells, tissues, and organs stay healthy.

Minerals:

Helps the body work properly.

Water:

Helps with chemical reactions in the body and helps transport materials to and from cells.

Anemia:

Is a blood disorder that causes lack of energy, weakness, shortness of breath, and colds hands and feet.

Metabolism:

Is the use of nutrients to provide energy.

_________ is poor nourishment, resulting from a lack of nutrients.

Malnutrition

When molecules combine with oxygen in a chemical reaction, it is called______.

Oxidation

The ________ is an organ that secretes digestive fluid into the small intestine.

Pancreas

Villi:

Small, fingerlike projections, that cover folds inside the inner wall of the small intestine.

Digestion:

The mechanical and chemical process of breaking down food and changing nutrients into forms your body can use.

Esophagus:

The part of the digestive tract that connects the mouth and the stomach.

Peristalsis:

The process by which food moves through the esophagus by rhythmic movements of muscles.

Absorption:

The process by which nutrients move into the bloodstream.

Oxidation:

When molecules combine with oxygen.

Enzyme:

A special protein that helps a chemical reaction take place.

Glycogen:

A storage from of glucose.

Chyme:

A thick liquid that was once food.

_______ is used to recommend how much of a nutrient someone should eat when not enough scientific information is available.

Adequate Intake

_______ is the energy burned when you maintain your body's autonomic functions, such as breathing, digesting food, and building or repairing tissue.

Basal metabolism

Glucose:

Carbohydrates that are fully broken down and become simple sugar. Is the body's basic fuel.

Malnutrition:

Caused by unhealthy food choices or a lack of food.

___________________ is the amount of nutrients for people of a certain age and gender, and ____________ is the amount needed by 98% of people within that age and gender group.

Dietary Reference Intake, Recommended Dietary Allowance

A special protein that helps to trigger a chemical reaction is an______.

Enzyme

________ is blood sugar, and ________ is the form in which it is stored.

Glucose, Glycogen

_______ is the use of nutrients to provide energy, measured in ______.

Metabolism, Calories

Fats:

Provides a source of stored energy, as well as insulation for the body.

Carbohydrates:

Provides the body's main source of energy

Calorie:

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature.

Basal Metabolism:

The energy you need to maintain automatic processes.

Fingerlike projections called ______ in the small intestine make it possible for nutrients to move into the bloodstream through _____.

Villi, Absorption

Nutrients are _______ parts of food that ______, or uphold, body tissues.

Vital, Maintain