foundation prepU chapter 2,

Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?

Evidence-based research

A group of objects with relationships is which?

concept

The process of considering an idea as a whole and then dividing it into smaller, more specific ideas is which?

deductive reasoning

Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research?

drug metabolism

In order for the nurse to be able to apply the knowledge that has been obtained in the formal education process, which theory would best break whole concepts into parts and then determine how the parts would work together as a whole?

general systems theory

A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting?

match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?

nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?

summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice

A nurse working on a busy acute care unit is planning care for a group of clients. Which nursing action best exemplifies the primary focus of the nurse's role?

the nurse comforts a client who received bad results form a diagnostic test

A group of concepts and the relationships among them is what?

theory

A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge?

traditional knowledge

Christine Grady is a nurse ethicist that proposed a framework for evaluating ethics. Grady suggested that a independent review is needed for ethical research. This principle is correctly defined as:

unaffiliated individuals must review the research and approve, amend, or terminate the research

Which aspect of the nursing research process addresses a client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of the study?

undergoing the informed consent process with the client

A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague?

wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.

A nurse researcher develops a foreground question in preparation for conducting a research study. The question is: "In clients with intravenous catheters, how does replacing administration sets every 72 hours (h) compared with other frequent intervals (24h, 48h, or 96h) decrease infection rates?" Applying the PICO framework, which part of the statement reflects the "O"?

Decrease infection rates

A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research?

Quantitative research

Which are goals of nursing theory? (Select all that apply.)

provide knowledge and a rationale for client interventions, provide a rationale for appropriate nursing actions in a given situation, identify and define concepts that are important to nursing

When following evidence-based practice, a nurse's actions are based on which sources of information? (Select all that apply.)

published research, traditional knowledge, and targeted literature

Which skill is foundational for a nurse's participation in the evidence-based practice process?

read and understand a research article

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence nightingale

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?

general systems theory

One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:

generate knowledge to guide practice

The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory?

person

A nurse wants to implement Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory in the acute care setting. Which nursing action demonstrates proper use and implementation of this theory?

Assessing for factors interfering with healing

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?f

General systems theory

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?

National institute of nursing research

Which activity systematically inquires about the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of client care?

Nursing research

An abstract idea or object that relates to other abstract ideas or objects is which?

Concept

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Traditional knowledge

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?

chromium supplements

What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice?

evidence-based research

Which is most similar to a nursing model?

nursing theory

Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?

nursing theory

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "I read a research article about the importance of beans in the Latino diet. The findings from the study suggested that inclusion of meat and beans in the diet would help in the development of muscles and bones." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

scientific knowledge

A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?

scientific literature review

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:

Adults

A nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action by the nurse exemplifies this theory?

assisting the client to the bedside commode

A parent has brought a 6-year-old child into the clinic. The parent is concerned that the child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in the child's class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making?

developmental theory

A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, "a 45-year-old male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation"?

p

The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?

qualitative research

A nurse researcher is planning to test the effect of a breathing exercise on older adults' stamina. What type of research study should the nurse conduct?

quantitative

Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge?

authoritative knowledge

The statement, "More frequent handwashing will significantly lower the rate of infection in hospitalized clients," is an example of what research component?

hypothesis

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions

A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?

General systems theory