Foundations of Federalism

Which of the following best supported Maryland's position in McCulloch v. Maryland?

10th Amendment

Which of the following constitutional provisions is most relevant to the differences in state spending on education reflected in the map above?

10th Amendment

Which of the following constitutional provisions most directly establishes a balance of power between the national and state governments?

10th Amendment

Which of the following types of federal funding would be most likely to shift the balance of power from states to the national government?

A categorical granted related healthcare

In which of the following situations would the state action violate the Constitution?

A state passes a law imposing a fine for the failure to pay taxes for online purchases made in the past year

Which of the following historical figures would have been most likely to agree with the McCulloch v. Maryland decision?

Alexander Hamilton

Which of the following actions were used by states to challenge the legitimacy of the federal government in the antebellum period?

Arguments that justified secession as permissible under the Constitution.

Which of the following landmark Supreme Court decisions best represents the protection of the right to "equal protection under the law" represented in the amendment above.

Brown v. Board of Education

Which of the following best summarizes the debate reflected in U.S. v. Lopez (1995)?

Can the Commerce Clause of the Constitution be used by the federal government to prosecute a person for possessing a firearm in a school?

Which of the following tends to shift power from state governments to the federal government?

Categorial grants

In which of the following types of federal systems is the separation of power between national and state governments most clearly established?

Dual federalism

Which of the following powers is exercised exclusively by the national government, thus limiting the role of state governments?

Entering into treaties with foreign nations.

U.S. v. Lopez(1995) reflects what shift in American beliefs?

Federal encroachments on state sovereignty need to be reined in.

Each state sets its own minimum wage. Which of the following constitutional principles best explains the differences in the minimum wages reflected in the graph?

Federalism.

The attitude towards Congress' power under the Commerce Clause reflected in U.S. v Lopez (1995) deviates most from

Gibbons v. Ogden

According to the McCulloch v. Maryland case, the establishment of the Second Bank of the United states was

Implied in the text of the Constitution

The landmark Supreme Court case McCulloch v. Maryland served as a precedent for

Increasing federal powers

Hamilton's argument most directly favors a check on the legislative process known as

Judicial review

The outcome of Lopez v. U.S.(1995) rests most heavily on which of the following principles?

Judicial review

The first major challenge to the powers "reserved to the States respectively" in the early days of the republic occured when a state tried to tax the newly formed Bank of the United States in which case below?

McCulloch v. Maryland

Which of the following landmark Supreme Court decisions best represents the protection of the right to "due process" represented in the amendment above.

Miranda v. Arizona

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of national and state government powers?

National only - Create army. Both - Punish crimes

Which of the following best describes the information in the map?

Per pupil spending in most states is less than $18,000 per year.

Which of the following has most greatly affected the relationship between the national and state governments in the last century?

Provision in categorical grants

The attitude towards Congress' power under the Commerce Clause reflected in U.S. v. Lopez (1995) is most similar to that found in

Schecter Poultry Corporation v. U.S.

In the excerpt above, Madison argues that the Constitution will protect which of the following principles of American government?

Separation of powers

Supporters of the powers granted by the tenth amendment would use it to justify state laws that allowed which practice below in the early republic.

State laws that allowed monopolies within state borders

Which of the following interest groups would most likely advocate for the dissenting opinion of U.S. v. Lopez (1995)?

Supporters of gun control

Which of the following correctly identifies a constitutional provision which increased power of state governments and one that restricted state government power?

Tenth Amendment; Article I, Section 10

Which of the following most accurately describes the allocation of powers to the national and state governments in the Constitution?

The Constitution delegates several specific powers to the national government but does not specify the powers that are left to state governments.

The Supreme Court case Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha (1983) decided that neither chamber of Congress was authorized to invalidate deportation rulings issued by the federal courts, effectively declaring the so-called "legislative veto" unconstitutional. Which of the following is not a logical way for the Supreme Court to declare the unconstitutionality of a legislative veto?

The Fourth Amendment

Which of the following best supported the national government's perspective in the court case McCulloch v. Maryland?

The Necessary and Proper Clause supports the establishment of a National Bank.

Which of the following most clearly states the outcome of U.S. v. Lopez (1995)?

The Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals which stated that the reach of the Commerce Clause was limited and did not encompass a definition of "commerce" as to authorize the regulations of firearm possession

Which of the following enumerated powers was most relevant in the McCulloch v. Maryland case?

The ability to control interstate commerce.

The United States v. Lopez case is different than McCulloch v. Maryland because in the Lopez case

The court ruled that the Commerce Clause could not be used to expand federal powers.

Which of the following most accurately describes a change in the allocation of national and state power that has occurred since the ratification of the Constitution?

The national government has gained additional power relative to the states as a result of its increased power to tax and spend.

Which of the following is a power reserved to state governments by the Tenth Amendment?

The power to create local governments

Which of the following represents a power that may be constitutionally exercised by both the national and state governments?

The power to tax income

A political scientist would most likely use U.S. v. Lopez (1995) to illustrate which of the following?

There are limits to the power granted to Congress through the Commerce Clause of the Constitution

Which of the following correctly identifies a case which limited the power of the national government and a case which limited the power of state governments?

U.S. v. Lopez; Wisconsin v. Yoder

Which of the following is an accurate description of the information contained in the chart?

When the table was published, the highest and lowest minimum wages in the states represented in the chart varied by more than $2.

The main argument of the concurring opinion in U.S. v. Lopez (1995) rested upon which of the following attitudes towards the constitutional powers of the legislative branch?

While Congress is granted a significant amount of legislating power thanks to the Commerce Clause of the Constitution, when it does choose to invoke that same clause, it must demonstrate a clear link between the issue at hand and the economic well-being of the nation.

During the McCulloch v. Maryland case, Court Chief Justice John Marshall said the "power to tax is the power to destroy". These words were directed at

a state tax on banks not charted by the state

The McCulloch v. Maryland decision is a good example of

loose constructionism

In United States v. Lopez (1995), the federal government's principal argument was that

the existence of firearms in schools would jeopardize the economy by increasing insurance rates and inhibiting student learning.

Fiscal federalism is best described as

the ways in which federal funding can be used to affect the balance of power between state and national governments