FTCE Science
Which organelle is responsible for making proteins in the cell? A. Centrioles B. Centrosomes C. Mitochondria D. Ribosomes
D. Ribosomes
describes the process of sublimation?
A pure solid changes directly into a gas. In sublimation a pure solid experiences a phase transition directly to a gas.
Which of the following best describes the lithosphere? A zone of hot rock in the mantle that is solid but can flow. A zone in the center of Earth that includes the inner and outer cores. A zone that includes the lower half of the mantle where convection currents arise. A zone of rigid rock on Earth's surface that includes the crust and the solid upper part of the mantle.
A zone of rigid rock on Earth's surface that includes the crust and the solid upper part of the mantle.
Which of the following would not be considered part of STEM? A. Electronics B. Science C. Technology D. Mathematics
A. Electronics
Which of the following is not a key tenet of the cell theory? All living things are made of cells. New cells come from existing cells. All cells have a cell wall. Cells are the basic unit of life.
All cells have a cell wall. Animal cells do not have a cell wall.
Newton's third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Which of the following is the best example of the application of this law? More force is needed to push a wagon full of children than an empty wagon. A ball continues to roll when kicked. When a car suddenly stops, the passengers keep moving forward until something stops them. An airplane moves in the opposite direction of the air pushed out by its engines.
An airplane moves in the opposite direction of the air pushed out by its engines. Newton's third law explains why objects move in the opposite directions. The law states, for every action there is an equal or opposite reaction. For example, if the engine pushes air backward, the air pushes the plane forward.
What is the most important reason for using technology in the classroom? A. School districts have placed an increased emphasis on this practice B. The internet has the correct information that the teacher does not always have C. The teacher has time to grade tests D. Students take over control of their own learning
D. Students take over control of their own learning
Which of the following is not an example of scientists observing a change in natural phenomenon over time? A. Mt. Everest growing B. The universe expanding C. Rising CO2 levels in the atmosphere D. The crystal structure of carbon
D. The crystal structure of carbon
Plant cells contain all of the following organelles except A. chloroplast B. mitochondria C. cell wall D. centrioles
D. centrioles
he two main types of assessments are: A. warm ups and exit tickets B. formative and informal C. summative and informal D. formative and summative
D. formative and summative
describes a molecule?
Electrically neutral particles of two or more atoms joined by molecular bonds.
Which of the following is NOT a valid part of a scientific investigation? Draw conclusions. Analyze data. Develop a theory. Eliminate data outliers.
Eliminate data outliers. **Outliers and unexpected data can provide insights into what is really happening, and should not be eliminated, but can be noted.
Which of the following is true of evolution? Mitosis is responsible for the genetic variation in most animal populations. Individual organisms change over time. Offspring are genetically identical to their parents. Evolution can result in new species.
Evolution can result in new species.
Which of the following describes a compound?
Groups of two or more different elements held together by ionic or molecular bonds.
A student is investigating the growth of Elodea under different light sources. Which of the following is the best research question for this student? How does the amount of time spent in the sun affect the growth of Elodea plants? How does the color of an Elodea plant affect its growth under different light sources? How does the type of light source affect the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea plants? How does the distance from the light source affect Elodea plants?
How does the type of light source affect the rate of photosynthesis of Elodea plants?
During a unit on electricity, students are given batteries, light bulbs with terminals, and various other conductive materials. Students must construct the longest circuit they are able while still making one light bulb light up, using the provided materials. After the students are done constructing their circuits, which of the following questions would be best for the teacher to ask to encourage the students to identify ways to improve their circuit model?
How would reducing resistance in your model affect the brightness of the light? This question allows students to try to reduce resistance and then observe the effect of doing so. This allows students to see how resistance affects the length of their circuit.
example of a molecule?
H₂O (water)
Which of the following best describes why a vaccination is effective?
Increases the body's immune system to the disease if the body is later infected
Which of the following is the best safe laboratory procedure for a teacher to use?
Label all chemicals and reagents. All chemicals and reagents should be stored in closed, labeled containers when not in use.
Where could you find extensive safety information about a hazardous chemical?
MSDS Every hazardous chemical has an MSDS, or material safety data sheet. It contains basic information about the chemical, its associated hazards, how to handle it, how to store it, and what to do if it spills.
A liquid is heated in an open pan until it reaches its vaporization temperature. The liquid in the pan continues to heat even after the vaporization temperature is reached. What happens to the energy in the added heat after the liquid has reached its vaporization temperature but before the liquid is completely vaporized?
The energy breaks the chemical bonds between the liquid molecules. Once a sample has reached its vaporization temperature, the additional heat breaks the chemical bonds between liquid molecules until the entire sample is vaporized. The amount of heat needed to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid (at standard pressure) is called the latent heat of vaporization.
The refrigerants that were used in old air conditioning systems and refrigerators are no longer allowed for general use. Which of the following best describes the reason for this ban?
The old refrigerants destroyed O3 molecules in the upper atmosphere. The old refrigerants were chlorofluorocarbons that, when released, rose to the stratosphere and destroyed ozone molecules (O3) that protect Earth's surface from the Sun's harmful ultraviolet rays. The destruction of O3 in the upper atmosphere caused the ozone hole.
not true of compounds?
They cannot contain more than one element.
Mrs. Redeagle would like to incorporate activities that meet the needs of all the students in her class. Which of the following would be the most beneficial for Mrs. Redeagle to do?
Use a variety of activities and assessment strategies to address multiple learning styles. Variety in activities and assessment address multiple learning styles in the classroom.
An elementary student drops a beaker in the lab. Which of the following describes the best safety procedure for the teacher to follow when cleaning up the broken glass?
Use forceps to pick up the large pieces, a wet paper towel to pick up the small pieces, and place all of the pieces in a glass disposal container.
Which of the following questions best assesses student understanding of the structural features of a mid-ocean ridge?
What would you observe if you were investigating an active mid-ocean ridge? Assessment questions must align with desired learning goals. This question elicits answers about structures and features a scientist could see and measure at the ridge.
Inquiry-based instruction starts with a guiding question. Of the following, which is the best guiding question to use during a study of light and color?
Why do red objects look red?
In a typical science class, the teacher selects and prepares the tools that will be used for lab measurement. Later in the year, after having had experience with various tools, would it benefit students to have a variety of tools available from which to choose rather than a preselected set of tools? Why or why not?
Yes, a variety of tools requires the student to think about why a particular tool should be used.
example of a chemical change?
baking a cake
Methane (CH4) is classified as?
compound
Which of the following human activities is least likely to alter the environment?
overwatering the lawn
When a substance changes state, it undergoes a ____ change.
physical
Which of the following best represents a comparison of the percentage of healthy plants in a region to those that show stunted growth or yellowing? scatter plot a Venn diagram pie chart tree diagram
pie chart
Alysha pours about 70 mL diluted base from the stock container into a beaker, then measures out 50 mL of this into her graduated cylinder. What should she do with the remainder of the diluted base in her beaker? give it to her teacher pour it into the liquid waste bottle pour it into the sink give it to another student
pour it into the liquid waste bottle
Which two subatomic particles can be found in the nucleus of an atom?
protons and neutrons
Which of the following is recommended student behavior in a laboratory setting?
reading and following experiment instructions Reading and following all instructions prevents unnecessary accidents from occuring in the laboratory.
A scientist is performing an experiment to determine the conductivity of a specific substance. Which of the following actions would increase the reliability of the results? using a variety of materials to test the conductivity of the substance recording the results of repeated experiments predicting the outcome of the experiment testing multiple substances
recording the results of repeated experiments To increase reliability, at least three trials for every experiment should be completed and the data recorded.
Which of the following colors of visible light has the longest wavelength? violet yellow red green
red Red has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum.
Which of the following would be the most effective strategy to reduce greenhouse gases?
reducing the use of fossil fuels
A spring scale would be the most beneficial for which of the following investigations?
showing that gravity is constant for objects with different masses
Mrs. Campbell, a third-grade science teacher, is teaching conservation practices. What can her class do to demonstrate they have learned to make informed choices, based on the needs of the environment?
start a paper and plastic recycling program The best way to demonstrate that information was learned about conservation is to put the information into practice by recycling.
A liquid is heated to its boiling point temperature. If further heat is added to the liquid it will:
stay at its boiling point temperature until all of the liquid has evaporated.
One of the most commonly used examples of a solution is:
the atmosphere. The atmosphere is one of the most commonly used examples of a solution because it is something we see every day of our lives and is a homogeneous mixture that contains a large number of different gases which we are unable to visibly distinguish.
Michelle pours lemonade powder into a cup of ice and water. She stirs it with a spoon to mix up the powder more quickly. What is the solvent?
the liquid water
The tilt of the Earth causes magnetic fields. gravitational attraction. the tides. the seasons.
the seasons.
What powers the ocean's surface currents? temperature variations in the ocean, plastics pollution, and the movement of the tides atmospheric pressure, geothermal vents, and the gravitational pull of the moon wind currents, the uneven heating of Earth's surface, and the shape of landforms on Earth the path of watercraft, the migration patterns of marine organisms, and wind currents
wind currents, the uneven heating of Earth's surface, and the shape of landforms on Earth Wind currents, the uneven heating of Earth's surface, and the shape of landforms on Earth drive the ocean's surface currents.
Which of the following best describes where electrons are located and how they move in an atom?
A cloud of moving electrons surrounds the nucleus.
Near deep-sea hydrothermal vents, autotrophic bacteria use heat energy and hydrogen sulfide to generate biological macromolecules. This process is called chemosynthesis. Other organisms, such as tubeworms, feed on the bacteria to survive. In this ecosystem, chemosynthesis is analogous to: A. Photosynthesis, because heat energy is stored as chemical energy. B. Photosynthesis, because carbon-carbon bonds are broken. C. Respiration, because heat energy is stored as chemical energy. D. Respiration, because carbon-carbon bonds are broken.
A. Photosynthesis, because heat energy is stored as chemical energy.
What did scientists base the science of taxonomy on? A. Shared Characteristics B. Branch on the tree of life C. Size of the organism D. Life cycle of the organism
A. Shared Characteristics
The shape of the Milky Way can best be described as ________. A. a spiral disk B. a spherical cluster C. a long, thin strip D. irregular
A. a spiral disk
Of the following, which is a statement of Newton's second law of motion? For every force on one object by a second, there is an equal and oppositely direct force on the second object by the first. An object's acceleration depends on its mass and the net force acting on the object. An object's kinetic energy depends on its mass and speed. The force of gravity between two objects depends on their masses and the distance between them.
An object's acceleration depends on its mass and the net force acting on the object. Newton's second law can be expressed by F = ma, where F is the net force on the object, m is the object's mass, and a is the object's acceleration.
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge is a A. neutron B. proton C. electron D. molecule
B. proton
Joey decided to make simple syrup. He added several tablespoons of sugar to warm tap water. In this solution the water is the ____________. A. solute B. solvent C. concentration D. reactant
B. solvent
A population of lizards, some with green coloring and some with brown coloring, is introduced into a field that is mostly dirt. A few generations later, the majority of the lizards have brown coloring. Which of the following best explains this change? Brown colored lizards are better able to hide from their predators. Green colored lizards dehydrate and die faster. Green colored lizards have more offspring. Brown colored lizards can run faster.
Brown colored lizards are better able to hide from their predators. The brown lizards blend in with the soil, enabling them to grow and reproduce more than the green lizards.
One of the skaters illustrated below pushes against the other, causing herself to glide backward. This is an example of which of Newton's three Laws of Motion? A. 1st Law B. 2nd Law C. 3rd Law D. Universal Gravitation
C. 3rd Law
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory? A. A hypothesis is a collection of theories all together and a theory is one hypothesis. B. A theory is an educated guess, a hypothesis has been shown to be correct many times and is believed to be true. C. A hypothesis is an educated guess, a theory has been shown correct many times and is believed to be true. D. A theory is always true, while a hypothesis never is.
C. A hypothesis is an educated guess, a theory has been shown correct many times and is believed to be true.
Which of the following correctly orders the steps of a life cycle? A. Death, Maturity, Growth, Birth B. Birth, Maturity, Growth, Death C. Birth, Growth, Maturity, Death D. Growth, Birth, Maturity, Death
C. Birth, Growth, Maturity, Death
The EPA graph below compares historic CO2 concentrations and Antarctic temperatures. Which of the following is the most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn based on the data above? A. Global temperatures have always correlated closely with CO2 levels. B. Carbon emissions from human activities have contributed to an unprecedented increase in global CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperatures. C. CO2 concentrations in 2006 were dramatically higher than at any time in the last 600,000 years. D. The next ten years are likely to be the hottest in recorded history.
C. CO2 concentrations in 2006 were dramatically higher than at any time in the last 600,000 years.
If geographers measure that the land mass of Florida is increasing, this would most likely be evidence for which of these phenomena? A. A disruption in the water cycle B. Beach erosion C. Deposition D. Global warming
C. Deposition
What is the term for the process of releasing atomic energy by bombarding a dense element with neutrons and splitting its nucleus? A. Fusion B. Gamma radiation C. Fission D. Quantum mechanics
C. Fission
As a part of a science class, a clear pot of water with heat censors is placed above a burner. The water begins to boil, and a student observes that the hottest water at the bottom of the container seems to move upward and the cooler water continuously moves in to take its place Which of the following best explains this cyclical movement of the water? A. The heat from the burner causes air bubbles to form at the bottom of the pot, and the air bubbles carry the water upward. Water then flows in to fill in the space once occupied by the bubbles. B. Heat moves through the water by the process of conduction, causing heat to spread progressively upward from the hotter region near the burner, cooler water moving to take its place. C. Heat is convected through the water, causing the hotter, less dense water to rise. Cooler, denser water then moves in to take its place. D. Radiation of heat near the center of the pot causes cyclonic swirling in the water, which moves in a path around the axis of heat emission.
C. Heat is convected through the water, causing the hotter, less dense water to rise. Cooler, denser water then moves in to take its place.
Accuracy is defined by: A. How many times you do the trial B. How close your results are together C. How close you are to the actual result D. How many of your trials are accurate
C. How close you are to the actual result
Why is active engagement effective? A. Students are quieter B. Instruction is student led, not teacher led C. It provides students with more hands-on experience D. Students take over control of their own learning
C. It provides students with more hands-on experience
What is true of an object at rest according to Newton's First Law of Motion? A. It will always be at rest. B. It will be at rest until gravity is applied to it. C. It will be at rest until a net force acts upon it. D. It will eventually move.
C. It will be at rest until a net force acts upon it.
In which of the stages shown below are water particles the least dense? A. Rain B. Water flowing back into sea C. Steam/water vapor D. Snow
C. Steam/water vapor
A scientist performs a survey of all the mammals that live within a local ecosystem and she wishes to visually represent the percentage that each population makes up of the local mammals as a whole. Which of the following would likely be the best way of presenting this data? A. a table B. a line graph C. a pie chart D. a map
C. a pie chart
What is a renewable type of energy? A. coal B. oil C. hydroelectric D. gas
C. hydroelectric
Which of the following is the most appropriate unit in the U.S. Standard System for expressing the volume of a bathtub? A. Pints B. Feet C. Liters D. Gallons
D. Gallons
The uneven heating of the Earth results in which of the following? Large ice sheets found between 66.5 degrees north latitude and 66.5 degrees south latitude. The melting of polar ice caps. Deserts commonly found near the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn. Deserts commonly found near the equator.
Deserts commonly found near the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn. Deserts are commonly found near the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, due to warm, moist air losing its moisture before reaching the Tropics.
A pan of room-temperature water is heated on a hot plate. A thermometer probe in the water records and graphs the temperature along the positive y-axis, versus time along the positive x-axis. Which of the following describes the shape of the graph before and during the time the water is boiling?
Diagonally right and upward while the water heats and horizontal during boiling. As the water heats, the temperature rises with time. Once the water reaches the boiling point, the temperature remains at the boiling point until all the water has vaporized. The heat added to the water by the hot plate changes the state of the water instead of raising its temperature.
At Spring Branch Middle School the science and math teachers are working together to teach graphing. In math, they are focused on extracting data from graphs, while the science classes are focused on how to create a graph that correctly relays information. What activity could be used to conclude the unit and allows for students to show mastery of the concept?
Have students in science create a graph with questions for students in math to evaluate. This allows students to show mastery both in science and math as they have the opportunity to create a graph and to answer questions.
example of a heterogeneous mixture?
Layered gravel at the bottom of an aquarium.
A teacher is engaged in direct instruction about chemical and physical changes. A student asks if roasting a marshmallow is a physical or chemical change. Which of the following teacher responses is the most appropriate?
Lead the students in developing a hypothesis and carrying out an investigation to determine whether it is a physical or chemical change.
If a piece of laboratory equipment breaks during an activity, which of the following courses of action by the teacher would provide the most benefit to the students?
Remove the broken equipment from the students' lab area and replace it with functioning equipment. This course of action allows the students to continue with the activity in the safest manner.
Which activity would best support kindergarten students in developing the ability to ask questions and seek answers through investigations?
Telling students that there is a problem with litter in the city and that the city planners would like a solution, and then guiding students into asking questions about the problem and suggesting ways to test solutions.
Which of the following is not true regarding global warming and climate change?
Temperatures around the world are universally increasing. Temperatures may decrease in some parts of the world. For example, when the ice caps melt, they release cooler water into the ocean, which reduced the temperature in those locations.
A frozen ice cream bar was left in the sun and melted. Which statement is true regarding the physical properties of the ice cream bar after it melted? Its molecules were larger after it melted. Its chemical composition had changed. The arrangement of molecules had changed. Its molecules were less energetic after it melted.
The arrangement of molecules had changed. The ice cream bar changed state from a solid to a liquid phase. A phase is a physical property and describes the current arrangement of the molecules. The molecules themselves, however, do not change.
Which of the following statements about the history of scientific discovery is true?
The first taxonomy of organisms was formed in ancient Greece. Aristotle was the first to group animals with similar characteristics in his classification system.
Which of the following statements is an example of a misconception about science?
The ozone hole causes the greenhouse effect. The ozone hole is due to destruction of ozone and increases the number of harmful ultraviolet rays that reach the earth's surface. The greenhouse effect is caused by an excess of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, in the atmosphere. They are separate issues.
Which of the following statements is an example of a misconception about science? The ozone hole causes the greenhouse effect. It is impossible to reach a temperature of absolute zero at which all molecules stop vibrating. Water can experience a phase change directly from a solid to a gas. Some natural processes affect the climate on earth.
The ozone hole causes the greenhouse effect. **The ozone hole is due to destruction of ozone and increases the number of harmful ultraviolet rays that reach the earth's surface. The greenhouse effect is caused by an excess of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, in the atmosphere. They are separate issues.
Moshi put on a magic show for his classmates. He made a metal car move by waving a paper wand behind it. Which of these is probably the secret to his successful magic trick?
The paper wand had a magnet inside that attracted the metal car.
Which of the following is the best reason a teacher should mindfully include science practices and interdisciplinary connections when planning a science lesson?
The practices and connections will be useful in the students' future studies and careers.
Billy and Sally perform the same experiment ten times to observe if variations occur in the results from the experiment. After they perform the experiment ten times, they notice a large variance of results, but they hypothesized a small variance in results. When they discuss the experiment with their teacher, the teacher directs them to identify any deviations from the original experimental procedure. Which of the following best describes the benefit of the teacher's directions?
The task helps Billy and Sally connect deviation in procedure to variance in results. By reviewing any deviations from the original experimental procedure, Billy and Sally can identify any procedures which might result in a large variance in the results of the experiment.
Greenhouse gases, released as a side-effect of modern urbanization and industrialization, have what effect on Earth's climate? They increase the amount of solar radiation in the atmosphere. They decrease the amount of solar radiation in the atmosphere. They increase the world's ocean levels. They cause a thinning of earth's atmosphere.
They increase the amount of solar radiation in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gasses, such as carbon dioxide, increase the amount of solar radiation that is trapped in Earth's atmosphere and contributes to global warming.
Many of today's education experts recommend that teachers move away from the "sage on the stage" approach and become more of a "facilitator of learning." What does this most likely mean?
This means that teachers need to move away from long lectures and move toward facilitating the classroom while allowing students to become active participants in learning.
Condensation occurs when:
a gas cools to its boiling point temperature.
Which of the following instruments would be most useful to find the volume of a very large textbook?
a metric ruler Volume is found by multiplying the height, width, and length of an object. To best find these measurements of a large textbook, a metric ruler would be most appropriate.
Which of the following is a key component to living a healthy lifestyle?
adequate water, nutrition, and exercise
A graduated cylinder is best used for which of the following experiments?
an experiment in which students determine the density of irregular objects
Which would be the recommended sequence to follow when asking questions in the classroom?
ask the question, wait 5-10 seconds, and then call on a specific student to answer
Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture? a. liquid nitrogen b. blood c. steel d. sugar cube
b. blood Heterogeneous mixtures have particles that are distributed non-uniformly. There are many distinct components in blood. Samples of blood would vary in how much of each component was found.
Which of the following is an igneous rock? basalt gneiss shale marble
basalt Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock. Igneous rock is volcanic.
example of a physical change?
boiling water to make pasta
Mrs. Smith wants to analyze the test scores of her 6 classes. What is the most appropriate way to represent her test score data so she can compare her different classes? pie chart line graph box and whisker plot scatterplot
box and whisker plot Box and whisker plots are very useful when you have multiple sets of data that are related in some way.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a student misconception about science? a. Light only reflects from shiny objects. b. The Moon is a source of light. c. We can see galaxies other than our own in the night sky. d. Blankets produce heat to make things warmer.
c. We can see galaxies other than our own in the night sky. This is true. Several galaxies can be seen from Earth, even without using a telescope. The Andromeda Galaxy, more than 2 million miles away, is one of these. Many other galaxies can be seen with the aid of optical instruments, such as telescopes.
Which of the following is a reactant of the photosynthesis reaction? starch glucose oxygen carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, water, and light energy to produce oxygen and glucose.
Which of the following assignments best represents a performance-based assessment?
connecting an electrical circuit by following a circuit diagram In a performance-based assessment, students apply the skills they learned during the unit. Here, students apply the skills of interpreting and following a circuit diagram by building an actual circuit.
As an introduction to the concept of inertia, Mr. Ortiz had his students explore the idea using balloon pucks. A balloon puck is a flat disk with a lip on which to stretch a balloon and a small hole in the center of the lip. When a balloon is attached, the puck slides across a table with almost no friction. When the balloon is removed, friction is present and a puck in motion slows quickly. Which of the following learning theories best matches the activity Mr. Ortiz uses with his students?
constructivism In constructivism, students develop their own understanding through exploration, discussion and experiences. Here, students explore how things move with and without friction present, enabling them to construct an understanding that an object in motion continues in motion if friction is not present.
Which is not a greenhouse gas? a. methane b. water c. carbon dioxide d. oxygen
d. oxygen
Which of the following classroom activities is the best example of teaching inquiry-based science when learning basic anatomy?
dissection of a preserved frog in small groups Hands-on activities, which allow students to participate in the learning and apply acquired knowledge, have been proven to be the best method of science instruction.
Which of the following properties names the ability of a substance to be pulled into a long, thin shape without breaking?
ductility Ductility is a property of metals that allows them to be pulled into long, thin wires.
Which subatomic particles orbit around the nucleus of the atom?
electrons
Carbon (C) is classified as
element
Technology is best utilized in the classroom when it can accomplish which of the following? decreases the time the teacher must spend on instruction enhances the learning objective decreases the cost to the school district allows students to complete their homework more quickly
enhances the learning objective
While Jessica is viewing membrane-stained cells under a compound microscope, she notices that the cells appear to have specialized organelles. These cells are most likely which of the following? archaebacteria cells bacteria cells eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cells
eukaryotic cells All eukaryotic cells contain specialized, membrane-bound organelle
Which of the following is an example of qualitative data? feather color duration of light cooking time amount of precipitation
feather color
In humans, the allele for freckles (F) is dominant and the allele for no freckles (f) is recessive. Which of the following is a genotype of people without freckles? FF ff ffff Ff
ff Both alleles must be recessive if a person is to exhibit a recessive trait such as lack of freckles.
Kim bought some fireworks to shoot off on the 4th of July. She noticed several different powders mixed together in the tube. As the fireworks were ignited, what evidence best indicates a chemical reaction had occurred?
fire and an explosion There are indicators that show a chemical reaction has occurred: gas production (bubbles), change in temperature (release or absorption of energy), burning, color change, and/or production of a precipitate (formation of a solid) The fire and explosion are results of a chemical change.
In the middle of a unit on lunar cycles, Mr. Rice hands out drawing paper and gives his students the following task: A new moon is always high in the sky at noon. Use what you know about the positions of the sun, moon, and Earth during a new moon to draw a diagram to show why a new moon is in the sky at noon. After the students finished their drawings, Mr. Rice looked at them before he planned the next unit in the lesson. Mr. Rice used this activity as which of the following?
formative assessment A formative assessment tests student knowledge during a unit to inform the teacher regarding the direction of further instruction. This is a formative assessment because Mr. Rice can use the results to determine whether the students understand the concept that moon phases are caused by the relative positions of the sun, moon, and Earth. If they do not yet understand that key concept, he can figure out new ways to reteach the ideas.
When determining the accurate measurement of a liquid, which piece of laboratory equipment would be best to find the liquid's volume to the nearest milliliter?
graduated cylinder
When determining the accurate measurement of a liquid, which piece of laboratory equipment would be best to find the liquid's volume to the nearest milliliter? beaker ruler graduated cylinder triple beam balance
graduated cylinder
A teacher would like to assess the students' understanding of how the other Solar System planets differ from Earth. Which of the following would be the most effective way to do this?
having student pairs brainstorm what humans would need to live on the other planets
Ms. Potter just finished a fourth-grade unit on energy transformations. As part of an assessment, Ms. Potter demonstrates the operation of a machine that incorporates several energy transformations as it performs a task. Which of the following is the most effective way for her to assess the students' ability to trace energy transformations in a system?
having students use a provided diagram to label each energy transformation where it occurs while the machine is operating This assesses students' abilities to trace energy transformations as they occur in the machine. It is congruent with the desired assessment goals.
The primary function of a passive solar energy system is to convert solar radiation into:
heat for heating homes and buildings. Passive solar systems use energy from the sun to heat substances such as water, air, or concrete blocks. The heat is then used as a heat source in water heaters and for heating the insides of homes and buildings.
Terrance lives near a river and is concerned about the pollution caused by burning fossil fuels. Which alternative energy in his area would be the best solution for his concern?
hydroelectric energy Since Terrance lives near a river, water would be the best choice for an energy resource. The generation of hydroelectric energy is possible with flowing water.
A director of an environmental agency is asked to allocate federal funding to new research projects. Which of the following steps should the director take first when allocating the funding?
identifying problems that need solutions
Imagine that the US president's science advisor wants to perform a risk assessment of several scientific proposals before recommending which should be fully supported by federal funds. Which of the following steps should the advisor take first?
identifying the problems that need solutions
What is the most likely indicator a teacher would see that a student is getting inadequate daily sleep?
impaired cognitive functioning
Which of the following is not a primary benefit enjoyed today because of the competition among nations in the study of outer space? greater understanding of physics improved agricultural techniques increased understanding of weather patterns faster communication on Earth
improved agricultural techniques
Freshwater is a limited resource that is needed to sustain much of life on Earth. Which of the following reduces the availability of fresh drinking water for humans and animals?
increased crop irrigation
The change in arctic sea ice between 1980 and 2012 is most likely the result of which of the following?
increasing global temperature due to greenhouse gas emissions
During a lesson on ocean currents, a teacher asks his class to respond to a question by giving a thumbs-up or thumbs-down. This is an example of which of the following types of assessment?
informal
A pest control company would like to develop a home lawn spray for a new pest that has been eating the grass in local lawns. The company's chemists create a product, test it on sample lawns in laboratory settings, and record what happens. The company then puts the product out for mass production. Which of the following steps in the risk assessment process was skipped?
interpret results The company put the product out for production without interpreting the results of their tests first. This could lead to unexpected or ignored effects that could damage ecosystems.
Johnny wants to make a graph to display the amount of money the military spent over a period of time. Which graph would best display this data? dot plot line graph stem and leaf plot double bar graph
line graph A line graph is useful when plotting changes in data over time.
Which activity would best support second-grade students in developing an understanding of the stages in the life cycles of insects?
making and recording observations of a butterfly as it progresses from the egg stage to an adult butterfly while also using a chart to identify, name, and explain the stages This inquiry-based activity is tied directly to the learning goal. Students would compare their observations with the existing scientific understanding of the life cycle.
In which of the following areas of expertise is it most important to understand the chemical properties of matter?
materials science
A hot plate would be the most beneficial during which of the following investigations?
measuring how far rubber bands can stretch at different temperatures A hot plate can be used to warm water for submerging rubber bands and heating them to different temperatures.
When reading the volume of a liquid in a test tube, data measurements should always be taken from where?
meniscus
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down glucose into energy for the cell? nucleus ribosome mitochondrion chloroplast
mitochondrion
example of a chemical change?
mixing baking soda and vinegar
Salt water can be classified as which TWO of the following?
mixture solution
Which of the following is not a renewable resource?
nuclear fuel
Which of the following human activities is least likely to alter the environment? overwatering the lawn spilling oil in the ocean emitting pollution into the atmosphere dumping waste into the rivers and streams
overwatering the lawn Overwatering a lawn can cause erosion, decrease water as a resource, and eventually decrease a number of organisms in that specific area. However, the overall negative impact is not as detrimental as the other answer choices.
When deciding to house a live animal in the classroom, the risk of a potential health hazard to the student or animal must be weighed against the educational value added. What guidelines must first be considered to address this potential hazard, prior to making a choice of getting the animal for the classroom? standards for keeping the conditions sanitary and odor free the children that might be affected by allergic symptoms procedures for caring for the animal during weekends and holidays plans for food, housing and comfort of the animal
the children that might be affected by allergic symptoms Safety standards require that any live animal in the classroom must be fed and kept in sanitary conditions every day. Although the care and comfort of the animal is important, the safety concern with regards to the students is the teacher's first priority.
Stephanie watched a shooting star cross the sky. What makes this chunk of metal or rock glow as it passes through the atmosphere? the reflection of the sun's rays on the metal the sparks caused from the rock hitting other objects as it travels through the atmosphere the gases on the surface of the metal expanding the heat due to friction from particles in the atmosphere
the heat due to friction from particles in the atmosphere Meteoroids orbit the sun and plunge through Earth's atmosphere, creating heat due to friction from particles in the atmosphere. When they begin to burn, a streak of light known as a shooting star is produced, and the meteor burns up in the atmosphere.
The gravitational force from the sun extends: only to the edge of the Solar System. only to the core of the Earth. to infinity. only to the edge of the Milky Way Galaxy.
to infinity. **The gravitational force from any object extends to infinity. The strength of the force decreases with distance, but the force never decreases to zero. This means every object in the Universe is pulled by every other object in the Universe.
Mr. Reynolds is working through a unit on healthy lifestyles. He wants to incorporate the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Which of the following causes of death should Mr. Reynolds use?
tobacco use Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in America.
Which set of the following factors can affect the growth of an organism? water, temperature, and light water, elevation, and country of origin diet, role in the food chain, and age species, location, and size of territory
water, temperature, and light
A chemistry teacher has planned an investigation on dissolution rates of solutions. The day before the lesson, she reviews the lab safety rules. Which rule does she likely review?
wear safety goggles
How do a population and a community differ? Populations are groups of animals while communities are groups of plants. A community includes the non-living things in the area. They are the same thing. A population is a group of only one species.
A population is a group of only one species. Multiple organisms of the same species form a population and multiple populations form a community.
Which of the following would be the best example of effective collaborative learning? A. Grouping high and low performers B. Grouping all high performers C. Grouping all ELD D. All of the above
A. Grouping high and low performers
Hemophilia, a blood disorder, is much more common in males than in females because: A. It is caused by an X chromosome linked gene. B. It is caused by a Y chromosome linked gene. C. Men are genetically predisposed to having less stable blood. D. The hemophilia gene is only carried in sperm cells.
A. It is caused by an X chromosome linked gene.
Which of the following could be the parameters of a simple circuit if the voltage between two points in the circuit is 5,000 volts? A. The resistance is 250 ohms and the current is 20 amperes. B. The resistance is 100,000 ohms and the current is 20 amperes. C. The resistance is 250 amperes and the current is 20 ohms. D. The Resistance is 20 ohms and the Current is 100,000 amperes.
A. The resistance is 250 ohms and the current is 20 amperes.
Why is it important to include culturally rich content? A. To be inclusive of students of different ethnicities B. To exclude the perception of racial bias C. To include different languages into your teaching D. To support the zone of proximal development
A. To be inclusive of students of different ethnicities
Which of the following best describes a divergent plate boundary? A. Two plates pulling apart from each other B. Two plates slide laterally alongside each other C. One plate slides underneath another plate D. Multiple plates slide toward each other
A. Two plates pulling apart from each other
Which of the following best explains the cause of onshore and offshore winds that occur where land masses meet large bodies of water? A. Water has a higher specific heat than land B. Land has a higher specific heat than water C. The land is able to absorb more thermal energy D. The water is unable to absorb as much thermal energy
A. Water has a higher specific heat than land
15. The difference between an independent and dependent variable is: A. a dependent variable is the one being tested, the independent is the variable changed by the scientist B. an independent is the variable being tested, the dependent is the control C. there is no difference, both are subjected to the same conditions and are both controls D. the dependent variable is the one used for the control, the independent is the one being tested
A. a dependent variable is the one being tested, the independent is the variable changed by the scientist
What is the purpose of the International Space Station? A. laboratory research B. military espionage C. to see how long people can live in space D. to travel to distant planets
A. laboratory research
The four steps of reflective practices, in order, are: A. plan, teach, assess, reteach B. plan, teach, assess, reassess C. reassess, plan, teach, reteach D. reassess, teach, assess, reteach
A. plan, teach, assess, reteach
What does a lab report consist of? A. research, method, analysis, hypothesis B. hypothesis, analysis, guesses, observations C. experimental process, analysis, theory, guess D. thoughts, research, analysis, theory
A. research, method, analysis, hypothesis
A factor that is not associated with high population density is ___________. A. species tend to work together when resources are scarce B. that it makes it easier for predators to find prey C. diseases and infections spread more quickly D. stress and increased aggression that can limit reproduction
A. species tend to work together when resources are scarce
Sally notices that there has often been dew on the ground the past four mornings. Sally asks her science teacher why dew forms on the ground. Which of the following would be the best response by Sally's science teacher? As the temperature drops during the night, the air cannot hold as much water, and the water vapor forms into liquid water on the ground. Dew is a phenomenon without a clear scientific explanation. As the temperature rises in the early morning, the air cannot hold as much water, and the water vapor forms into liquid water on the ground. As the temperature rises in the early morning, the hotter air relative to ground temperature attracts water from the ground and grass to form dew.
As the temperature drops during the night, the air cannot hold as much water, and the water vapor forms into liquid water on the ground. The lower the temperature of the air, the less water vapor the air can hold. Dew forms on the ground because the air temperature cools and the water vapor in the air condenses and forms as liquid water on the ground.
An example of a credible claim would be: A. A diet that guarantees losing 10 lbs. in 10 days B. A research report in a peer reviewed journal C. A weather report from a leading meteorologist D. A research report found on an online science blog
B. A research report in a peer reviewed journal
Which structure is responsible for regulating basic functions such as respiration and heartbeat? A. Cerebral cortex B. Brainstem C. Cerebellum D. Hippocampus
B. Brainstem
Which of the following is a method specifically used to increase scientific reading comprehension? A. Memorizing from the textbook B. Close Reading C. Word Walls D. Pair-Share
B. Close Reading
When a metal atom bonds with a non-metal atom, they become a(n) ______________. A. Element B. Compound C. Molecule D. Atomic bond
B. Compound
Why is organization in the classroom important? A. It teaches students discipline B. It gives students routines and allows the classroom to run smoothly C. It allows the teacher to concentrate on grading students D. It makes classroom discipline harder to enact
B. It gives students routines and allows the classroom to run smoothly
Which of these is not an example of igneous rock? A. Pumice B. Marble C. Granite D. Lava
B. Marble
Which phenomenon provides the strongest evidence for evolution? A. Similar function of a bat wing and a bird wing B. Similar structure of a human hand and a whale flipper C. Similar function of a human leg and a beetle leg D. Similar environment of two spiked mammals, the echidna and the porcupine
B. Similar structure of a human hand and a whale flipper
Which of the following scientific subjects could potentially be controversial to talk about in the classroom? A. Evolution B. Stem Cells C. Climate Change D. The Theory of Relativity
B. Stem Cells
Which of the following describes how a volcanic eruption is most likely to contribute to climate change lasting for a period of several years or more? A. Tiny, dust-sized particles of ash may remain suspended in the lower atmosphere, leading to a cooling trend. B. Sulfur compounds released into the stratosphere mix with water to form sulfuric acid haze, leading to a cooling trend. C. Significant global warming can occur over a period of several years due to the heat from magma that flows to the surface in the form of lava. D. Multiple eruptions of giant floor-basalt volcanoes can increase global carbon dioxide levels, leading to a long term cooling trend.
B. Sulfur compounds released into the stratosphere mix with water to form sulfuric acid haze, leading to a cooling trend.
What is the moon's position relative to Earth during a lunar eclipse? A. The moon is behind the Sun. B. The moon and sun are on opposite sides of the Earth. C. The moon is between the Earth and the Sun. D. The moon is at the zenith point.
B. The moon and sun are on opposite sides of the Earth.
Which layer of the Earth's atmosphere is responsible for the weather? A. Exosphere B. Troposphere C. Mesosphere D. Thermosphere
B. Troposphere
Manipulatives are important because A. they are only for kinesthetic learners B. student learning increases with direct interaction with their environment C. they are only for visual learners D. kids like to play with things
B. student learning increases with direct interaction with their environment
The most effective way to increase the use of math in science is to: A. practice mathematical equations B. show how the science and math intertwine C. use real world examples of science and math problems D. use the grade level math textbook
C. use real world examples of science and math problems
Which of the following is NOT an example of acceleration? Maria speeds up while riding her bicycle. Lionel rides the last mile of a race at a fast but steady speed. Crystal brakes to slow down before reaching some pedestrians. Jamal rides his bicycle around a corner.
Lionel rides the last mile of a race at a fast but steady speed. Acceleration measures how fast someone changes their velocity. Motion at a steady speed, no matter how fast, is constant velocity motion with no acceleration.
Which of these best describes the Solar System? A. A massive star in the middle with planets revolving around in elliptical patterns B. A massive star in the middle with planets rotating and revolving around in circular patterns C. A planet in the middle with a massive star and planets revolving and rotating around in elliptical patterns D. A massive star in the middle with planets rotating and revolving around in elliptical patterns
D. A massive star in the middle with planets rotating and revolving around in elliptical patterns
Which of the following best describes a difference in how two types of organisms maintain homeostasis? A. An owl typically feeds nocturnally, while a blue jay typically feeds diurnally. B. Algae reproduces asexually, while gymnosperms, such as pine trees, reproduce sexually. C. Some single cellular organisms move using whip-like structures called flagella, while other single cellular organisms use a series of hair-like structures called cilia. D. A snake depends predominantly on external factors like sunlight to regulate it body temperature, while a rabbit utilizes mainly internal processes.
D. A snake depends predominantly on external factors like sunlight to regulate it body temperature, while a rabbit utilizes mainly internal processes.
Which of the following is not a chemical change? A. Acids and bases mixing B. Baking C. Ripening D. Mixing water and sugar
D. Mixing water and sugar
How are parasites different from bacteria? A. Bacteria need a host to live on, but parasites do not. B. Bacteria can be destroyed by antibiotics but parasites can't. C. Parasites can be destroyed by antibiotics but bacteria can not. D. Parasites live on the host and benefit from it at the expense of the host, bacteria can survive without a host.
D. Parasites live on the host and benefit from it at the expense of the host, bacteria can survive without a host.
A scientist is investigating the characteristics of an unknown sample of matter and makes the following notes: its shape and volume are undefined and it is highly conductive of electrical energy. What physical state is it most likely in? A. Liquid B. Gas C. Solid D. Plasma
D. Plasma
Which of the following statements is correct? A. mass changes on Jupiter, but weight doesn't B. density changes on Jupiter but mass doesn't C. volume changes on Jupiter but density doesn't D. weight changes on Jupiter but mass doesn't
D. weight changes on Jupiter but mass doesn't
Ms. Babu feels her class has a good understanding of the definitions and theories associated with physical and chemical changes, but she wants them to apply the concepts. Which homework assignment would best help students connect the concepts to their everyday lives? Have students write the definitions and one example each of chemical and physical changes. Have students look for a chemical or physical change they see after they leave school, and then tell the class about it the next day. Have students read about examples of chemical or physical changes in daily life. Have students ask their parents for the definitions of chemical or physical changes, and the next day, tell the class what their parents said.
Have students look for a chemical or physical change they see after they leave school, and then tell the class about it the next day. Once students have a good idea of a scientific concept, asking them for examples from their own lives will motivate and help them apply the idea outside of school.
Which of the following is true in science? Scientific theories always evolve into scientific laws. Scientific laws and theories are the same. Science is open to change. Scientific laws are the same as facts.
Science is open to change. Science is open to change as new information is discovered.
Which of the following is a key characteristic of scientific inquiry? Scientific discovery is relative, depending on who carries out the research. Scientific discoveries are more important than ethical decisions. The results of experiments should only be communicated when scientists are sure the outcome proves a scientific law. Scientific theories are open to change as new information is discovered.
Scientific theories are open to change as new information is discovered.
A student would like to determine which brand of dog food helps her dogs grow the most. She has two dogs. She measures one dog, then feeds it one brand of dog food for one month, then measures it again at the end of the month. She measures her other dog, then feeds it a different brand of dog food for one month and measures it again. What is the greatest flaw in the design of this experiment? The experiment should last longer than one month. One food might have more carbohydrates than the other. There are two independent variables. The dogs may like one food more than the other, so they may not finish their bowls of food.
There are two independent variables. This experiment will not give accurate results because there are two independent variables: the brand of food and the different dogs. There should only be one.
Which of the following occurs because of the electromagnetic force? A book falls to the floor when you let it go. Everyday materials are generally not radioactive. You can sit on a chair without falling through. The nucleus of the atom does not fly apart.
You can sit on a chair without falling through. **The electromagnetic force keeps you from falling through your chair when you sit down. The charges in your body repel like charges in the chair and your atoms will not intermingle.
The life cycle of a mosquito is shown here. According to this diagram, what kind of development do mosquitoes have? complete metamorphosis complete dominance incomplete metamorphosis incomplete dominance
complete metamorphosis
As a demonstration during a unit on heat transfer, a teacher heats one end of a long metal rod and later measures the temperature at different positions along the rod. Which of the following processes is demonstrated by the range of temperatures? conduction condensation radiation convection
conduction Conduction is a method of heat transfer that happens when the kinetic energy of molecules is transferred to other molecules in the substance. In this demonstration, the parts of the rod that are not over the heat source are heated by convection.
One of the main purposes of the circulatory system is to: secrete hormones to maintain homeostasis. deliver nutrients to cells within the body. facilitate movement of the body. support the structure of the body.
deliver nutrients to cells within the body. This is the main function of the circulatory system.
Freshwater is a limited resource that is needed to sustain much of life on Earth. Which of the following reduces the availability of fresh drinking water for humans and animals? increased melting of glaciers and ice caps increased desalination of ocean water increased crop irrigation increased nitrogen pollution in oceans
increased crop irrigation As humans increase their use of freshwater to water crops, there is less available for other uses.
A wind turbine converts: kinetic energy into electrical energy. chemical energy into potential energy. radiation into electrical energy. potential energy into kinetic energy.
kinetic energy into electrical energy. Wind supplies kinetic energy, which is converted to mechanical energy within a wind turbine and then to electrical energy by the wind turbine's generator.
The Earth's outer layer is divided into sections called plates. These plates essentially float around on the mantle of the Earth. If two continent boundaries collide with one another, Earth's crust is pushed together. Which of the following best describes the result of the collision? mountains a reservoir rift valleys a magnetic field
mountains When two plates collide, one plate typically sinks beneath the other. If most of the crust remains, a mountain range can form.
Which of the following best describes the primary function of the roots of a plant? gas exchange and photosynthesis structure and stability of the shoot facilitating reproduction nutrient absorption from the soil
nutrient absorption from the soil
A liquid is heated to its boiling point temperature. If further heat is added to the liquid it will: stay at its boiling point temperature until all of the liquid has evaporated. increase in temperature but remain a liquid. increase in temperature as the liquid evaporates. decrease in temperature until all of the liquid has evaporated.
stay at its boiling point temperature until all of the liquid has evaporated. When heat is added to a liquid at its boiling point temperature, the heat energy breaks the bonds holding the atoms together as a liquid rather than raising the temperature of the liquid. The temperature remains at the boiling point temperature until all of the liquid has evaporated.
The semester exam administered to students at the end of the term is considered to be a: pre-assessment. formative assessment. summative assessment. mini-assessment.
summative assessment. A semester exam is a form of summative assessment.
Of the choices listed, which is the best analogy for voltage in a circuit? security screening at the airport the height difference between the top and bottom of a hill parts moving through an assembly line on a conveyor belt a tunnel through which wind can blow
the height difference between the top and bottom of a hill Voltage is related to the potential energy of the charges in a circuit. For example, charges at one terminal of a disconnected battery have the "potential" to make current flow as soon as the battery is connected.
Michelle pours lemonade powder into a cup of ice and water. She stirs it with a spoon to mix up the powder more quickly. What is the solvent? the frozen ice the lemonade powder the liquid water the spoon
the liquid water **The material that the object is dissolved within is the solvent. The lemonade powder is dissolved into the water, so the water is the solvent.
Which of the following is the best way to use data collected from pre-assessment activities? To compare the knowledge of one class to another to document the lack of knowledge, for teacher accountability to drive instruction to isolate the top five students so they can be peer tutors
to drive instruction