Fundamentals of networking Flash cards

What is a peer-to-peer network, and what are it's advantages and disadvantages?

A peer-to-peer network should be limited to a handful of users and can share data between computers. People on a peer-to-peer network must remember different passwords to access different things. Some advantages are that it is cheaper upfront but can cost more in the long run due to the loss of production because of the complexity of file sharing. Peer-to-peer network is not as secure as a server based network.

What is a server-based network, and what are it's advantages and disadvantages?

A server-based network can be used by thousands of computers at one time. All security is handled centrally and each person is given one set of passwords to be able to gain access to the information withing the network.

Which unit of data stores a single value that can be a 0 or a 1?

Bit

A __________ frame is a message that is intended to be processed by all devices on the LAN.

Broadcast

Which component, located on the motherboard, carries out all the instructions provided by computer programs?

CPU

indicates that the wireless computer can transmit data

CTS

routing table entry that tells a router where to send a packet with a destination network address that can't be found in the routing table

Default Route

How does a switch "learn" MAC addresses?

It reads the source address and keeps a record of which port the sending computer is on.

What is the purpose of the default route? It serves as a guideline for how to configure routes. It's a route set by Microsoft so that all information comes to their servers first. It's a route set by Microsoft so that all information comes to their servers first. It's a route that all routers use to get to the Internet.

It's a route set by Microsoft so that all information comes to their servers first.

A MAC address is composed of two 24-bit numbers. What does the first 24-bit number represent?

The organizationally unique identifier

When referring to network bandwidth, what is the basic unit of measurement?

bits per second

Which of the following is NOT a function of a hub? cleans up the signal transmits the frame out the correct port receives the signal from a connected computer on one of its ports regenerates the signal

transmits the frame out the correct port

What type of frame is addressed to a specific computer?

unicast

What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN?

A LAN is only able to connect to a certain number of devices at a time while being connected to multiple devices in a certain area. A WAN is a larger network that is able to connect to different devices that are not close to the same area, while using an internet source to be able to send and receive information from one device to another.

Just as a switch keeps records of MAC addresses that it has learned, so does your computer. What protocol does your computer use to learn MAC addresses?

ARP

What is one of the disadvantages of a server-based network compared to a peer-to-peer network?

Additional Costs

The network ____________ is a measurement of the amount of data that can pass through a network in a certain period of time.

Bandwidth

how devices connected to a hub use network bandwidth

Bandwidth sharing

Which of the following is true about hubs? Devices on a hub have to share the available bandwidth. They can operate in full-duplex and half-duplex mode. They maintain a table of MAC addresses. They can handle several computer conversations simultaneously.

Devices on a hub have to share the available bandwidth.

A ______________ is a collection of users and computers whose accounts are managed by Windows servers called domain controllers.

Domain

a collection of users and computers in a Windows server-based network

Domain

A switch operating in full ___________ mode can send and receive data at the same time.

Duplex

The process of ____________ adds IP addresses and then MAC addresses to chunks of data before sending the data onto the network.

Encapsulation

When data is being prepared for transmission onto the network, it is broken into small pieces and a header and trailer are added to each piece to help identify it. What is this process called?

Encapsulation

A computer's default gateway setting is the MAC address of a router on a remote network. True False

False

An extranet is a private network, such as a school or company network, in which the devices and servers are available only to users connected to the internal network. True or False

False

Each component of a computer is designed to perform only one specific task-either input, processing, or output. True or False

False

When a NIC is in promiscuous mode, it will process only the frames in which the destination MAC address matches its own MAC address. True False

False

Which of the following is true about a NIC? For incoming messages, it creates frames from packets. For outgoing messages, it assembles bit signals into frames. For incoming messages, it adds a source and destination MAC address. For outgoing messages, it converts frame data into bit signals.

For outgoing messages, it converts frame data into bit signals.

A ____________ is a packet that has been encapsulated with the source and destination MAC addresses in the header and an error-checking code in the trailer. True or False

Frame

In a computer's IP address settings, the default _____________ is the address of the router to which a computer sends all packets that are intended for networks outside of its own.

Gateway

A wireless access point is most like which other network device, in that all computers send signals through it to communicate with other computers?

Hub

You are the network administrator for a company and you want to separate the traffic from the accounting department from the rest of the network. However, the accounting department still needs to have access to other network resources. What type of network do you need to implement?

Internetwork

a networked collection of LANs tied together by devices such as routers

Internetwork

What is the difference between an intranet and an extranet?

Intranet is a private connection that can only be used by devices connected to the network. Extranet gives limted access to certain things by a user that is not connected to a network.

a network that connects devices in a small geographic area

LAN

The ______________ address is composed of two 24-bit numbers.

MAC

Every NIC has a unique address that consists of a 12-digit hexadecimal value. What is this address called?

MAC address

You want a fast CPU for the new computer you are building and your motherboard only has one CPU socket. To increase the processing power, you need a CPU that provides more than one processor. What type of CPU are you looking for?

Multicore

What component of the computer contains a MAC address?

NIC (Network interface card)

Which part of the network communication process is responsible for sending and receiving data to and from the network media?

Network Interface

device that connects a computer with the network medium

Network Interface card

the software defining the rules and formats a computer must use when sending information across the network

Network Protocols

You are building a gaming computer and you want to install a dedicated graphics card that has a fast GPU and 4GB of memory on board. You need to make sure that you have the right connector available on your motherboard. What type of connector would be appropriate?

PCI Express (PCIe)

a chunk of data with source and destination IP addresses in the header

Packet

The three basic functions of a computer are input, ____________, and output.

Processing

What is the difference between short-term storage and long-term storage?

RAM (Random access memory) is an example of short term storage. Once the device is powered off the data that was contained in the RAM is gone. Long term storage is a more permanent storage. Examples are SSD's, Flash drives, hard drives and CD's. When the power is shut off the data is still there when power is restored.

In some wireless network configurations, a computer must send a special message to the AP before it can transmit data. What is this message called?

RTS

the term used to describe an OS designed mainly to share network resources

Server

Which device receives a frame and reads the source and destination MAC addresses before forwarding the frame out another port?

Switch

Explain the boot procedure.

The motherboard receives power which starts the CPU and the BIOS starts up and starts to get things started. Bios starts searching for the operating software. once located the operating software is loaded into the ram and the operating software starts to function as it should.

What does it mean if the full-duplex indicator on a switch port is on? The switch is detecting collisions. The port can transmit and receive frames simultaneously. Bandwidth sharing is enabled. The MAC address table is full.

The port can transmit and receive frames simultaneously.

A network that connects LANs in different countries is most likely a WAN. True or False

True

If a router receives a packet and it does not have an entry in its routing table for the destination network, it will send the packet to its default route, if configured. True False

True

In order to find out your MAC address, you should open a command prompt and type ipconfig /all. True or False

True

Routers do not forward broadcast packets. True False

True

The name assigned to a wireless network is called the SSID. True False

True

What makes a computer a "server" is the fact that it has a server operating system installed on it. True or False

True

designated port on a hub or switch used to connect to another hub or switch

Uplink port

The XYZ company has two offices, one in Chicago, and a brand new office in Pittsburgh. To connect the two offices, they will need a dedicated line, probably leased from the phone company. What type of network will they be implementing to connect their two offices?

WAN

You're the network administrator for a company located in Arizona that has just opened an office in Texas. You need to make sure that the two locations can communicate. What type of network are you implementing?

WAN

network that is geographically dispersed

WAN

Using the physical mail analogy, what part of an address on an envelope is most like the IP address?

Zip code

Windows 10 is an example of which of the following?

client operating systems

A __________ frame is a message that is intended to be processed by all devices on the LAN. connects computers to the LAN connects LANs to one another works with MAC addresses forwards broadcast packets works with packets

connects LANs to one another, works with packets

an instance of a processor inside a single CPU chip

core

Which component manages the details of communicating with the NIC hardware to send and receive data to and from network media?

device driver

What does a switch do if it doesn't find the destination MAC address in its switching table?

forwards frame out of all ports

communication in which a device can send and receive signals but not at the same time

half-duplex mode

information added to the front end of a chunk of data

header

What are the three basic tasks performed by a computer?

input, processing, output

What is one of the disadvantages of a peer-to-peer network compared to a server-based network?

limited security

Which of the following are examples of input devices? (Choose all that apply.) printer mouse scanner monitor keyboard

mouse, scanner, keyboard

What command would you issue from a command prompt to see a listing of the computers in your workgroup?

net view

amount of data that can be transferred on a network in a specified interval

network bandwidth

network that is geographically dispersed

nonvolatile storage

A ____________ is a chunk of data with the source and destination IP addresses added to it.

packet

You have just started a new business. You need to have three to four workstations available for your employees who simply need to share some files and a printer, but you don't have a large budget. Security is not a major concern, but costs are. Which network model would be the most appropriate for your situation?

peer-to-peer network

What command would you issue from the command prompt to test whether your computer has connectivity to the network?

ping IPaddress

device that only regenerates incoming signals

repeater

device that connects LANs

router

Which of the following are examples of output devices? (Choose all that apply.) speakers monitor printer keyboard CPU

speakers, monitor, printer

device that uses MAC addresses to determine the destination of frame

switch

What command issued from the command prompt will show the route that a packet travels from the issuing computer to another computer?

tracert