Fundamentals of Nursing Chapter 5

Define "altruism"

A concern for the welfare and well-being of others

A client diagnosed with chronic lung disease continues to smoke. The nurse assists the client in clarifying values related to his health problem by: (select all that apply) A: Asking the client if he understands that cigarette smoking is associated with chronic lung disease B: Describing several options to assist with smoking cessation C: Relating personal strategies used by the nurse to quit smoking D: Removing all smoking materials from the client's room E: Questioning the client to determine if he has ever attempted to quit smoking

A: Asking the client if he understands that cigarette smoking is associated with chronic lung disease B: Describing several options to assist with smoking cessation E: Questioning the client to determine if he has ever attempted to quit smoking

When an ethical issue arises, one of the most important nursing responsibilities in managing client care situations is which of the following? A: Be able to defend the morality of one's own actions B: Remain neutral and detached when making ethical decisions C: Ensure that a team is responsible for deciding ethical questions D: Follow the client and family's wishes exactly.

A: Be able to defend the morality of one's own actions

The nurse identifies a moral principle as including: (select all that apply) A: A code of ethics B: Ethics C: Fidelity D: Autonomy E: Beneficence

C: Fidelity D: Autonomy E: Beneficence

A client says to a nurse, "If I tell you something, will you promise not to tell anyone?" The nurse's most appropriate response is: A: "Who else knows about what you are going to tell me?" B: "It depends what you tell me." C: "I will keep your secret." D: "Information you share with me is kept confidential among the health care team members who are involved in your care."

D: "Information you share with me is kept confidential among the health care team members who are involved in your care."

According to the nursing code of ethics, a nurse's primary loyalty is to the: A: Nurse's competence B: Nurse's employer C: Nurse's own values D: Client

D: Client

What is "justice?"

Fairness

What is "veracity?"

Telling the truth

What is "beneficence?"

The obligation to implement actions that benefit clients and their support persons

What is "autonomy?"

The right to make one's own decisions

A home care client is not changing his dressing but he did allow the dressing to be changed in the hospital every day. The nurse's next action is to: A: Call the physician to discuss the client's failure to change the dressing B: Change the client's dressing C: Discuss with the client his personal values and resource allocation needs at home D: Find a family member who will be responsible for the dressing change.

C: Discuss with the client his personal values and resource allocation needs at home

Following a motor vehicle crash, the parents refuse to permit withdrawal of life support from the child with no apparent brain function. Although the nurse believes the child should be allowed to die and organ donation considered, the nurse supports their decision. Which moral principle provides the basis for the nurse's actions? A: Respect for autonomy B: Nonmalefiecence C:Beneficence D: Justice

A: Respect for autonomy

Which of the following strategies will assist a nurse who has been asked to care for a client requesting termination of all life-sustaining treatment? (select all that apply) A: Take a continuing education course concerning end-of-life issues B: Explain to the client the need for continuation of care in order to maintain comfort C: Volunteer to serve as the nurse representative on the hospital ethics committee D: Collaborate with palliative care nurses in the care of this client E: Request that a family member attempt to talk the client out of his decision

A: Take a continuing education course concerning end-of-life issues C: Volunteer to serve as the nurse representative on the hospital ethics committee D: Collaborate with palliative care nurses in the care of this client

In which of the following situations is it appropriate for the nurse to advocate for the client? A: The client requests assitance in finding an affordable wheelchair B: The client requests assistance to use the remote control to change the channels on the television C: The client requests being placed in a private room rather than a semiprivate room D: The client requests that the nurse not take vital signs during the night to avoid awakening the client's wife

A: The client requests assitance in finding an affordable wheelchair

A client has been admitted to the hospital multiple times with uncontrolled diabetes. The nurse recognizes a need for values clarification when the client states: (select all that apply) A: "Sometimes I forget to take my insulin and then I get sick." B: "I try to follow my diabetic diet but I really like sweets." C: "It's very frustrating to follow a diet." D: "I believe I should be able to eat anything as long as it is organic." E: "I really don't like to stick myself with needles."

B: "I try to follow my diabetic diet but I really like sweets." D: "I believe I should be able to eat anything as long as it is organic." E: "I really don't like to stick myself with needles."

The nurse assists the family with an ethical decision by using which of the following strategies? (select all that apply) A: Exploring the family's ethical beliefs and values B: Incorporating the ANA code of ethics into the plan of care C: Requesting assistance from the facility's ethics committee D: Involving other members of the health care team as appropriate E: Assigning care to only those nurses who share the family's beliefs

B: Incorporating the ANA code of ethics into the plan of care C: Requesting assistance from the facility's ethics committee D: Involving other members of the health care team as appropriate

The ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses states that the nurse's primary commitment is to the client, whether an individual, family, group, or community. This is an example of what purpose of the nursing code of ethics? A: The inform the public about the profession's minimum standards B: To provide a sign of the profession's commitment to serving the public C: To outline the profession's major ethical considerations D: To guide the profession in self-regulation

B: To provide a sign of the profession's commitment to serving the public

A nurse is caring for a developmentally delayed adult client from a Middle Eastern culture. How can the nurse best advocate for this client? A: Arrange for placement in a group home B: Try to determine who usually makes decisions in the family C: Make decisions for the client because he is unable to make decisions for himself D: Arrange for an interpreter to talk with the client

B: Try to determine who usually makes decisions in the family

Which of the following situations is most clearly a violation of the underlying principles associated with professional nursing ethics? A: The hospital policy permits use of internal fetal monitoring during labor. However, there is literature to both support and refute the value of this practice. B: When asked about the purpose of a medication, a nurse colleague responds, "Oh, I never look them up, I just give what is prescribed." C: The nurses on the unit agree to sponsor a fund-raising event to support a labor strike prooposed by fellow nurses at another facility. D: A client responts that he didn't quite tell the doctor the truth when asked if he was following his therapeutic diet at home.

B: When asked about the purpose of a medication, a nurse colleague responds, "Oh, I never look them up, I just give what is prescribed."

A client was diagnosed with lung cancer and is adamantly refusing chemotherapy or radiation. The client tells the nurse that his grandfather died of lung cancer and the chemotherapy only made him sicker. The family is very upset and is insisting that the client at least try the chemotherapy. The nurse best advocates for this client by saying: A: "I will ask the physician if you can be given chemotherapy that doesn't make you sick." B: "You know you will die within 3 months if you don't take any treatment." C: "I understand your feelings. Would you like me to talk to your family with you?" D: "I think you need to try the chemotherapy to aoid upsetting your family."

C: "I understand your feelings. Would you like me to talk to your family with you?"

A 67-year-old male client tells the nurse that he and his new wife would like to have a child. He will provide the sperm and his 37-year-old wife will provide the ova. A 23-year-old surrogate will carry the child. The nurse's most appropriate response is: A: "You could adopt a child instead." B: "Why isn't your wife carrying your own child?" C: "I will ask our counselor to give you additional information." D: "You will be 87 when your child is 20."

C: "I will ask our counselor to give you additional information."

Which of the following statements would be most helpful when a nurse is assisting clients in clarifying their values? A: "That was not a good decision. Why did you think it would work?" B: "The most important thing is to follow the plan of care. Did you follow all your doctor's orders?" C: "Some people might have made a different decision. What led you to make your decision?" D: "If you had asked me, I would have given you my opinion about what to do. Now, how do you feel about your choice?"

C: "Some people might have made a different decision. What led you to make your decision?"

Which of the following are reasons for the profession of nursing to have a code of ethics? (select all that apply) A: A code of ethics demonstrates the profession's autonomy B: A code of ethics provides legal guidelines for professional behavior C: A code of ethics demonstrates the profession's commitment to the public D: A code of ethics helps the public understand professional nursing conduct E: A code of ethics delineates the ethical considerations of the profession

C: A code of ethics demonstrates the profession's commitment to the public D: A code of ethics helps the public understand professional nursing conduct E: A code of ethics delineates the ethical considerations of the profession

Which of the purposes of the nursing code of ethics is specifically intended for the public? A: It guides the profession in self-regulation B: It reminds nurses of the special responsibility they assume when caring for the sick C: It informs the public about the profession's minimum standards and helps them understand professional nursing conduct D: It provides ethical standards for professional behavior

C: It informs the public about the profession's minimum standards and helps them understand professional nursing conduct

Which of the following are goals of being a client advocate? A: Make the client's decisions for them B: Ignore the client if the nurse disagrees with the client's decision C: Protect the client's rights D: Remain objective E: Intervene on the client's behalf

C: Protect the client's rights D: Remain objective E: Intervene on the client's behalf

Following a motor vehicle crash, the parents of a child involved in the crash refuse to permit withdrawal of life support from the child with no brain function. Although the nurse believes that the child should be allowed to die and that the parents should consider organ donation, the nurse supports their decision. Which moral principle provides the basis for the nurse's actions? A: Justice B: Nonmalficence C: Respect for autonomy D: Beneficence

C: Respect for autonomy

Considering the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses, what is the priority commitment for the nurse when a nurse is involved in an ethical conflict? A: The institution that employs the nurse B: The nurse's own feelings and beliefs C: The client involved in the ethical conflict D: The physician caring for the client

C: The client involved in the ethical conflict

Using the box shown and considering the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses, what is the priority commitment for the nurse when a nurse is involved in an ethical conflict? A: The institution that employs the nurse B: The nurse's own feelings and beliefs C: The client involved in the ethical conflict D: The physician caring for the client

C: The client involved in the ethical conflict

The nurse did not follow hospital procedure and administered a unit of blood to the wrong client. The client had an anaphylactic reaction and required emergency resuscitation. The nurse does not reveal that the wrong blood was given. Which moral principles did the nurse violate? A: Fidelity B: Autonomy C: Veracity D: Beneficence E: Nonmaleficence

C: Veracity D: Beneficence E: Nonmaleficence

A nursing instructor is discussing professionalism and ethical behavior with a group of nursing students. Which statement by the student nuse indicates an understanding of the purposes of the nursing code of ethics? A: "The nursing code of ethics reflects the moral values of a society and offers guidance in determining what is moral." B: "The nursing code of ethics describes the entry level education requires for nurses." C: "A nurse cannot get into trouble if the nursing code of ethics is followed." D: "The nursing code of ethics indicates nursing's commitment to serving the public."

D: "The nursing code of ethics indicates nursing's commitment to serving the public."

A client with HIV has no health insurance and cannot afford prescription medications. The client has been admitted to the hospital with symptoms of AIDS as a result of not taking prescribed medications. The nurse's role as an advocate is to: A: Call the pharmaceutical company and demand free pills for the client B: Report this incident to the hospital board of directors C: Reprimand the client for not seeking assistance D: Ensure access to needed health care services

D: Ensure access to needed health care services

After recovering from her hip replacement, an elderly client wants to go home. The family wants the client to go to a nursing home. If the nurse were acting as a client advocate, the nurse would perform which of the following actions? A: Inform the family that the client has a right to decide on her own. B: Ask the primary care provider to discharge the client to home. C: Suggest the client hire a lawyer to protect her rights. D: Help the client and family communicate their views to each other.

D: Help the client and family communicate their views to each other.

Values, moral frameworks, and codes of ethics influence the professional nurse's moral decisions in which of the following ways? A: The nurse will provide direct client care that is consistent with the nurse's personal values B: The nurse will seek to ensure that the client's values and the nurse's are the same C: The choice of moral framework determines what the client outcome will be D: The nurse is bound to act according to the nurses' code of ethics even if the nurse's values are different

D: The nurse is bound to act according to the nurses' code of ethics even if the nurse's values are different

What is "fidelity?"

Faithfulness to agreements and promises

What is "nonmaleficence?"

The duty to "do no harm"