Fundementals -Chp 5

Common Health Problems : Eastern European Jews

Cystic fibrosis Gaucher's disease Spinal muscular atrophy Tay-Sachs' disease

Common health problems : Hispanic

Diabetes mellitus Lactose intolerance

Which client admitted to the emergency department might require the nurse to include interventions aimed at addressing culture shock in the plan of care?

A client who recently immigrated and fell from a ladder

the nurse is caring for several clients of different cultures. Which client situation would the nurse recognize as the client with highest risk of culture shock?

The client from Ethiopia states, "All these machines attached to me scare me and I need to get them off."

Poverty cultures often have the following characteristics:

*feelings of despair, resignation, and fatalism *"day to day" attitude towards life, with no hope for a future *Unemployment and need for financial or government aid *Unstable family structures possibly characterized by abusiveness and abandonment *decline in self-respect and retreat from community involment

Common Health Problems : Whites

Breast cancer Heart disease Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Obesity

process that occurs when a minority group, living as part of a dominant group within a culture, loses the cultural characteristics that made it different

Cultural assimilation

Which teaching statement best exemplifies cultural competence in relation to time for the American culture?

It is important to be on time for your health care appointment.

eininger's theory of transcultural nursing includes

assessing a cultural nature, accepting each client as an individual, having knowledge of health problems that affect particular cultural groups, and planning of care within the client's health belief system to achieve the best health outcomes.

A nurse is working with a culturally diverse group of clients. The nurse understands that cultural norms:

require an individualized approach by the nurse.

Cultural Norms Of the Health Care system

beliefs, practices, habits, likes, dislikes, customs

Nurses are responsible for delivering culturally competent care for all clients. Culturally competent care does not account for:

client's height.

is an integral component of the knowledge and practice base of nursing and is continually improved through a life-long learning process and commitment to health equity.

cultural competence

(1) coexistence of different ethnic, biological sex, racial, and socioeconomic groups within one social unit; (2) diverse groups in society, with varying racial classifications and national origins, religious affiliations, languages, physical size, biological sex, sexual orientation, age, disability, socioeconomic status, occupational status, and geographic location

cultural diversity

tendency of some to impose their beliefs, practices, and values on another culture because they believe that their ideas are superior to those of another person or group

cultural imposition

The biomedical perspective relies on

empirical findings to explain health and illness. Believing in the effectiveness of medications supports the biomedical model

When a home-bound client expresses the client's past-oriented ancestral heritage and family rituals, the nurse recognizes that the client is expressing:

ethnic identity.

Nurses are socialized into the:

healthcare culture.

Common Health Problems:Native Americans and Alaska natives

heart disease cirrhosis of the liver diabetes Mellitus fecal alcohol syndrome

An example of a disease often diagnosed in a specific population is Tay--Sachs disease, which is associated with

jewish descent

assigning characteristics to a group of people without considering specific individuality

stereotyping

group of people with different interests or goals than the primary culture

subculture

an inherited blood disorder that causes your body to have less hemoglobin than normal

thalassemia

The health care system is a culture of own

with nursing being its largest subculture

external environment surrounding a person that is regarded as being part of that person

personal space

Racial categories are typically based on

physical characteristics, skin pigmentation , body stature, facial features, and hair texture

division of human beings based on distinct physical characteristics

race

While caring for a client from a culture different from the nurse's, the nurse inadvertently offends the client. What is the best action by the nurse?

Learn from the mistake and do not repeat it.

The nurse is using an interpreter to communicate with a client who speaks a different language. What would be the best way to choose an interpreter for this client?

The interpreter should understand the health care system.

A client reports to the primary health care facility for routine physical examination after cardiac rehabilitation following myocardial infarction. How should the nurse conduct the interview?

The nurse should avoid using medical terminology.

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is from a different culture. The nurse notes that the client will look away from the nurse and does not maintain eye contact. What would be the most appropriate action by the nurse, with regard to culturally competent care?

Utilize a key informant and continue with the teaching, verifying the client's understanding through open-ended questions.

enables nurses to deliver services that are respectful of and responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse patients; critical to reducing health disparities and improving access to high-quality health care

cultural respect

Accepting cultural differences in the assessment of health care needs is an example of __________ competent nursing care.

culturally culture

The nurse is taking a client history. With which client is direct eye contact appropriate

32-year-old white woman

belief that one's own ideas, beliefs, and practices are best, superior, or most preferred to those of others; using one's cultural norms as the standard to evaluate others' beliefs

ethnocentrism

the process of ignoring differences in people and proceeding as though the differences do not exist

Cultural blindless

A staff nurse meets with the charge nurse and is reporting that all the new nurses are leaving messes on the unit. The staff nurse states, "These youngsters think they can waltz in here and get our jobs." What is this nurse demonstrating?

Cultural conflict

the nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative 3 days from coronary artery bypass graft. The client has a prescription to ambulate. What is the best action by the nurse?

Discuss with the client the need for assistance during ambulation.

T—Therapeutic Contracting

Do you understand how to take the medication? Can you tell me how you will take it?

F—Fears and Concerns

Does the medication sound okay to you? Are you concerned about the dosage? Have you heard anything about this medication? Are you worried about the adverse effects?

the ESFT model

E- explanatory model of health and illness S- social and environmental factors F- fears and concerns T- therapeutic contracting

Which area is typically included in a cultural assessment?

Food preferences

How is culture learned by each new generation?

Formal and informal experiences

S—Social and Environmental Factors

How do you get your medications? Are they difficult to afford? Do you have time to pick them up? How quickly do you get them? Do you have help getting them if you need it?

common health problems : Asians

Hypertension Cancer of the liver Lactose intolerance Thalassemia

Common Health Problems: African Americans

Hypertension Stroke Sickle cell anemia Lactose intolerance Keloids

In addressing health promotion for a client who is a member of another culture, the nurse should be guided by which principle?

The client may have a very different understanding of health promotion.

E—Explanatory Model of Health and Illness

What do you think caused your problem? Why do you think it started when it did? How does it affect you? What worries you most? What kind of treatment do you think you should receive?

Culture may be defined as

a shared system of beliefs, values, and behavioral expectations that provides social structure for daily living

sum total of human behavior or social characteristics particular to a specific group and passed from generation to generation or from one to another within the group

culture

situation that occurs when people become aware of cultural differences, feel threatened, and respond by ridiculing the beliefs and traditions of others to make themselves feel more secure about their own values

culture conflict

those feelings, usually negative, a person experiences when placed in a different culture

culture shock

sense of identification that a cultural group collectively has; the sharing of common and unique cultural and social beliefs and behavior patterns, including language and dialect, religious practices, literature, folklore, music, political interests, food preferences, and employment patterns

ethnicity

ability of caregivers and organizations to understand and effectively respond to the linguistic needs of patients and their families in a health care encounter

linguistic competence

The nurse works in an urban hospital and cares for a diverse population of clients. Which action(s) by the nurse demonstrates the delivery of culturally sensitive care to clients? Select all that apply

maintaining direct eye contact during conversations with all cultural groups asking the client questions regarding health care beliefs related to the client's culture allowing the client to keep a religious necklace on until going into the operating room integrating the client's cultural practices when assisting with the creation of the plan of care

Cultural sanctions/restrictions

means of encouraging individuals belonging to a specific culture to conform to cultural norms. To obtain information about cultural sanctions/restrictions, the nurse may ask clients about their culture, such as military service or how they express emotions.

The holistic perspective presupposes

that health is achieved when an individual is in harmony or in balance with the internal/external environment

cultural imposition

the belief that everyone should conform to the majority belief system

providing nursing care that is planned and implemented in a way that is sensitive to the needs of individuals, families, and groups representing the diverse cultural populations within our society

transcultural nursing