Fundementals -Chp 5
Common Health Problems : Eastern European Jews
Cystic fibrosis Gaucher's disease Spinal muscular atrophy Tay-Sachs' disease
Common health problems : Hispanic
Diabetes mellitus Lactose intolerance
Which client admitted to the emergency department might require the nurse to include interventions aimed at addressing culture shock in the plan of care?
A client who recently immigrated and fell from a ladder
the nurse is caring for several clients of different cultures. Which client situation would the nurse recognize as the client with highest risk of culture shock?
The client from Ethiopia states, "All these machines attached to me scare me and I need to get them off."
Poverty cultures often have the following characteristics:
*feelings of despair, resignation, and fatalism *"day to day" attitude towards life, with no hope for a future *Unemployment and need for financial or government aid *Unstable family structures possibly characterized by abusiveness and abandonment *decline in self-respect and retreat from community involment
Common Health Problems : Whites
Breast cancer Heart disease Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Obesity
process that occurs when a minority group, living as part of a dominant group within a culture, loses the cultural characteristics that made it different
Cultural assimilation
Which teaching statement best exemplifies cultural competence in relation to time for the American culture?
It is important to be on time for your health care appointment.
eininger's theory of transcultural nursing includes
assessing a cultural nature, accepting each client as an individual, having knowledge of health problems that affect particular cultural groups, and planning of care within the client's health belief system to achieve the best health outcomes.
A nurse is working with a culturally diverse group of clients. The nurse understands that cultural norms:
require an individualized approach by the nurse.
Cultural Norms Of the Health Care system
beliefs, practices, habits, likes, dislikes, customs
Nurses are responsible for delivering culturally competent care for all clients. Culturally competent care does not account for:
client's height.
is an integral component of the knowledge and practice base of nursing and is continually improved through a life-long learning process and commitment to health equity.
cultural competence
(1) coexistence of different ethnic, biological sex, racial, and socioeconomic groups within one social unit; (2) diverse groups in society, with varying racial classifications and national origins, religious affiliations, languages, physical size, biological sex, sexual orientation, age, disability, socioeconomic status, occupational status, and geographic location
cultural diversity
tendency of some to impose their beliefs, practices, and values on another culture because they believe that their ideas are superior to those of another person or group
cultural imposition
The biomedical perspective relies on
empirical findings to explain health and illness. Believing in the effectiveness of medications supports the biomedical model
When a home-bound client expresses the client's past-oriented ancestral heritage and family rituals, the nurse recognizes that the client is expressing:
ethnic identity.
Nurses are socialized into the:
healthcare culture.
Common Health Problems:Native Americans and Alaska natives
heart disease cirrhosis of the liver diabetes Mellitus fecal alcohol syndrome
An example of a disease often diagnosed in a specific population is Tay--Sachs disease, which is associated with
jewish descent
assigning characteristics to a group of people without considering specific individuality
stereotyping
group of people with different interests or goals than the primary culture
subculture
an inherited blood disorder that causes your body to have less hemoglobin than normal
thalassemia
The health care system is a culture of own
with nursing being its largest subculture
external environment surrounding a person that is regarded as being part of that person
personal space
Racial categories are typically based on
physical characteristics, skin pigmentation , body stature, facial features, and hair texture
division of human beings based on distinct physical characteristics
race
While caring for a client from a culture different from the nurse's, the nurse inadvertently offends the client. What is the best action by the nurse?
Learn from the mistake and do not repeat it.
The nurse is using an interpreter to communicate with a client who speaks a different language. What would be the best way to choose an interpreter for this client?
The interpreter should understand the health care system.
A client reports to the primary health care facility for routine physical examination after cardiac rehabilitation following myocardial infarction. How should the nurse conduct the interview?
The nurse should avoid using medical terminology.
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is from a different culture. The nurse notes that the client will look away from the nurse and does not maintain eye contact. What would be the most appropriate action by the nurse, with regard to culturally competent care?
Utilize a key informant and continue with the teaching, verifying the client's understanding through open-ended questions.
enables nurses to deliver services that are respectful of and responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse patients; critical to reducing health disparities and improving access to high-quality health care
cultural respect
Accepting cultural differences in the assessment of health care needs is an example of __________ competent nursing care.
culturally culture
The nurse is taking a client history. With which client is direct eye contact appropriate
32-year-old white woman
belief that one's own ideas, beliefs, and practices are best, superior, or most preferred to those of others; using one's cultural norms as the standard to evaluate others' beliefs
ethnocentrism
the process of ignoring differences in people and proceeding as though the differences do not exist
Cultural blindless
A staff nurse meets with the charge nurse and is reporting that all the new nurses are leaving messes on the unit. The staff nurse states, "These youngsters think they can waltz in here and get our jobs." What is this nurse demonstrating?
Cultural conflict
the nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative 3 days from coronary artery bypass graft. The client has a prescription to ambulate. What is the best action by the nurse?
Discuss with the client the need for assistance during ambulation.
T—Therapeutic Contracting
Do you understand how to take the medication? Can you tell me how you will take it?
F—Fears and Concerns
Does the medication sound okay to you? Are you concerned about the dosage? Have you heard anything about this medication? Are you worried about the adverse effects?
the ESFT model
E- explanatory model of health and illness S- social and environmental factors F- fears and concerns T- therapeutic contracting
Which area is typically included in a cultural assessment?
Food preferences
How is culture learned by each new generation?
Formal and informal experiences
S—Social and Environmental Factors
How do you get your medications? Are they difficult to afford? Do you have time to pick them up? How quickly do you get them? Do you have help getting them if you need it?
common health problems : Asians
Hypertension Cancer of the liver Lactose intolerance Thalassemia
Common Health Problems: African Americans
Hypertension Stroke Sickle cell anemia Lactose intolerance Keloids
In addressing health promotion for a client who is a member of another culture, the nurse should be guided by which principle?
The client may have a very different understanding of health promotion.
E—Explanatory Model of Health and Illness
What do you think caused your problem? Why do you think it started when it did? How does it affect you? What worries you most? What kind of treatment do you think you should receive?
Culture may be defined as
a shared system of beliefs, values, and behavioral expectations that provides social structure for daily living
sum total of human behavior or social characteristics particular to a specific group and passed from generation to generation or from one to another within the group
culture
situation that occurs when people become aware of cultural differences, feel threatened, and respond by ridiculing the beliefs and traditions of others to make themselves feel more secure about their own values
culture conflict
those feelings, usually negative, a person experiences when placed in a different culture
culture shock
sense of identification that a cultural group collectively has; the sharing of common and unique cultural and social beliefs and behavior patterns, including language and dialect, religious practices, literature, folklore, music, political interests, food preferences, and employment patterns
ethnicity
ability of caregivers and organizations to understand and effectively respond to the linguistic needs of patients and their families in a health care encounter
linguistic competence
The nurse works in an urban hospital and cares for a diverse population of clients. Which action(s) by the nurse demonstrates the delivery of culturally sensitive care to clients? Select all that apply
maintaining direct eye contact during conversations with all cultural groups asking the client questions regarding health care beliefs related to the client's culture allowing the client to keep a religious necklace on until going into the operating room integrating the client's cultural practices when assisting with the creation of the plan of care
Cultural sanctions/restrictions
means of encouraging individuals belonging to a specific culture to conform to cultural norms. To obtain information about cultural sanctions/restrictions, the nurse may ask clients about their culture, such as military service or how they express emotions.
The holistic perspective presupposes
that health is achieved when an individual is in harmony or in balance with the internal/external environment
cultural imposition
the belief that everyone should conform to the majority belief system
providing nursing care that is planned and implemented in a way that is sensitive to the needs of individuals, families, and groups representing the diverse cultural populations within our society
transcultural nursing