Fungi

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regeneration

a form of asexual reproduction in which a fragment breaks off the parent organism and forms a new organism

budding

a method of asexual reproduction in which a parent cell divides forming a bud that breaks off to form a new organism

fungus

a non-green, heterotropic organism that's not a plant, animal, or protist

sac fungi, cup fungus, powdery mildews, unicellular yeasts, morels, truffles, over 64,000, sexually and asexually, presence of saclike structures called asci, spores produced in asci

ascomycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic

club fungi, mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, basket fungi, rusts, over 30,000, sexually and asexually, found in fields and forests, spores produced in basidia

basidomycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic

fungi reproduce asexually by producing spores

be able to describe the method of asexual reproduction exhibited by fungi

the algal cells benefit from a substrate in which they are protected by the fungus benefiting from food produced by the photosynthetic organism

describe how the organisms benefit in the mutualistic relationship

are poikilohydric, meaning they can tolerate extended periods of severe desiccation. They can enter a state of metabolic suspension in which they are so dehydrated that almost all biochemical activity stops

describe why lichens can survive in extreme environments

imperfect fungi, penicillium, over 25,000, asexually, lack a sexual stage, spores are produced asexually

deuteromycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic

basidiomycota

examples include mushrooms, puffballs, basket fungi, and rusts

contains gills

function of the cap

produce spores

function of the gill

lifts fruiting body off the ground to distribute the spores

function of the stalk

sexual reproduction

fusing two different mating types of fungal hyphae - a plus and a minus

zygomycota, zygote

group of fungi that include common molds

ascomycot, sac

groups of fungi that includes unicellular yeast, cup fungi, morels, and truffles

gray, white, brown not green spores not seeds eukaryotic heterotrophs

list two characteristics common to fungi

spores

reproductive cells produced by the fruiting body of a fungus

sporangia

structures in fungi that produce spores

rhizoid

structures that absorb nutrients and anchor fungi to their food source

stolons

structures that connect groups of rhizoids

lichens

symbiotic relationship between alga of blue-green bacterium, and fungus

mycelium

tangled branches of hyphae that form the body of a fungus

deuteromycota, imperfect

the group of fungi referred to as the imperfect fungi

rhizoids are structures that absorb nutrients and anchor the organism to its food source stolons connect groups of rhizoids to each other and transport nutrients and other materials through the fungus sporangia produce spores

the principle kinds of hyphae are rhizoids, stolons, and sporangia know the function of each

hyphae

thread-like filaments that make up fungi

are two separate organisms, a green alga or cyanobacterium, and a fungus live together in a symbiotic relationship

what are lichens

hyphae release enzymes to break down and absorb minerals and water

where and how do fungi obtain their nutrients

because lichens lack roots, their primary source of most elements is the air. For this reason elemental levels in lichens often reflect air compostion

why are lichens sometimes used as biomonitors

zygote fungi, bread mold, over 1,000, sexually and asexually, a cotton like mass of filaments on bread and fruit, zygospores produced on zygosporangia

zygomycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic


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