Fungi
regeneration
a form of asexual reproduction in which a fragment breaks off the parent organism and forms a new organism
budding
a method of asexual reproduction in which a parent cell divides forming a bud that breaks off to form a new organism
fungus
a non-green, heterotropic organism that's not a plant, animal, or protist
sac fungi, cup fungus, powdery mildews, unicellular yeasts, morels, truffles, over 64,000, sexually and asexually, presence of saclike structures called asci, spores produced in asci
ascomycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic
club fungi, mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, basket fungi, rusts, over 30,000, sexually and asexually, found in fields and forests, spores produced in basidia
basidomycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic
fungi reproduce asexually by producing spores
be able to describe the method of asexual reproduction exhibited by fungi
the algal cells benefit from a substrate in which they are protected by the fungus benefiting from food produced by the photosynthetic organism
describe how the organisms benefit in the mutualistic relationship
are poikilohydric, meaning they can tolerate extended periods of severe desiccation. They can enter a state of metabolic suspension in which they are so dehydrated that almost all biochemical activity stops
describe why lichens can survive in extreme environments
imperfect fungi, penicillium, over 25,000, asexually, lack a sexual stage, spores are produced asexually
deuteromycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic
basidiomycota
examples include mushrooms, puffballs, basket fungi, and rusts
contains gills
function of the cap
produce spores
function of the gill
lifts fruiting body off the ground to distribute the spores
function of the stalk
sexual reproduction
fusing two different mating types of fungal hyphae - a plus and a minus
zygomycota, zygote
group of fungi that include common molds
ascomycot, sac
groups of fungi that includes unicellular yeast, cup fungi, morels, and truffles
gray, white, brown not green spores not seeds eukaryotic heterotrophs
list two characteristics common to fungi
spores
reproductive cells produced by the fruiting body of a fungus
sporangia
structures in fungi that produce spores
rhizoid
structures that absorb nutrients and anchor fungi to their food source
stolons
structures that connect groups of rhizoids
lichens
symbiotic relationship between alga of blue-green bacterium, and fungus
mycelium
tangled branches of hyphae that form the body of a fungus
deuteromycota, imperfect
the group of fungi referred to as the imperfect fungi
rhizoids are structures that absorb nutrients and anchor the organism to its food source stolons connect groups of rhizoids to each other and transport nutrients and other materials through the fungus sporangia produce spores
the principle kinds of hyphae are rhizoids, stolons, and sporangia know the function of each
hyphae
thread-like filaments that make up fungi
are two separate organisms, a green alga or cyanobacterium, and a fungus live together in a symbiotic relationship
what are lichens
hyphae release enzymes to break down and absorb minerals and water
where and how do fungi obtain their nutrients
because lichens lack roots, their primary source of most elements is the air. For this reason elemental levels in lichens often reflect air compostion
why are lichens sometimes used as biomonitors
zygote fungi, bread mold, over 1,000, sexually and asexually, a cotton like mass of filaments on bread and fruit, zygospores produced on zygosporangia
zygomycota: common name, example, number of known species, reproduction, key characteristic
