GA Lean > Practical Problem Solving

What best describes the definition of a problem as discussed in the module?

- A gap between actual and desired conditions - An unfulfilled customer need - Any deviation from the standard

Which statements are true?

- A good problem statement does NOT include a solution. - A good problem statement does not contain a cause, or a suspected cause. - Good problem statements are factual, within scope, and short and to the point.

The following is are part of the 5 Why process?

- Ask why the problem exists - Continue asking why on the same point of cause until a root cause is identified - Write down the problem

The three things help us prioritize issues?

- Level of Importance - Potential for Expansion - Level of Urgency

Which of the following are typical errors committed during 5 Why analysis?

- Not asking "so" to check the analysis makes sense. - Stopping at 5 whys when more may be needed. - Not creating multiple paths when more may be needed

When setting targets, we must be careful not to confuse:

- The "Ideal Situation" with the target to be achieved. - "What we will do" with the target. - "How we will do it" with the target.

When first breaking a problem down, which questions should we ask

- What is the problem? - Where is it happening? - Who is being impacted? - When does it occur?

What questions do we ask during the check phase of the problem solving methodology?

- Where did we deviate from the plan? - What actions worked and what didn't? - What does the data say?

The Pareto principle is also known as the __________ rule

80-20

As we move into step 8 of the process, which is focused on standardizing success and learning from failures, we're actually moving into the __________ phase.

Act

Find points of cause, which is the starting point of root cause analysis.

Analyze the Root Cause

Why do we use the word "countermeasure" instead of "solution" as it relates to practical problem solving?

Because "solution" assumes finality, meaning the problem will never occur again, even for different root causes.

Breaking the big problem down into smaller, more specific problems.

Break Down the Problem

Clearly describe the current situation.

Clarify the Problem

An attainable target is one you are __________ about.

Confident and Excited

Problem statements should be focused on the __________ situation while clearly identifying the gap.

Current

The fishbone diagram is a __________ tool, meaning we'll continue to update it as we learn more and make improvements.

Dynamic

The 5 Why is a problem solving method used to explore the cause and __________ relationship of a particular problem.

Effect

As we move to implement countermeasures it's extremely important to always work alone. True or False?

False

If your team meets a tremendous amount of resistance to change, you should consider quitting and going in a different direction. True or False?

False

It's not important to contain the problem in order to protect the customer. True or False?

False

Loosely translated, hansei means to celebrate successes as a team. True or False?

False

PDCA is only applicable to high volume, low mix-manufacturing organizations. True or False?

False

We should always use software to draw fishbone diagrams for the first time. True or False?

False

When doing 5 Why, we must always ask exactly 5 whys. True or False?

False

If there were 15 root causes identified, how many votes would each team member receive after N/3 was done? Please write the number below.

Five

The Fishbone Diagram was first developed by Mr. __________.

Kaoru Ishikawa

The following M's is NOT part of the 4M's + 2 discussed in the learning module?

Manufacturing

The primary Six Sigma roadmap used today is Define, _________, Analyze, Improve, and Control. Please write in the missing word.

Measure

During the "See Countermeasures Through" step we'll continue to turn the __________ again and again as we work to implement our countermeasures, and more importantly, work to understand why some countermeasures don't always work out as we hoped they would.

PDCA Cycle

The facilitator of a brainstorming session should never do this:

Paraphrase each person's idea while writing it down.

As we enter into the Do phase of PDCA we will do this:

Pick up the pace (i.e. move quickly)

PDCA stands for

Plan, Do, Check, Act

The Plan and Do phases of PDCA can be likened to what analogy?

Preparing for and climbing a mountain

What should our reaction be when a bad process (or countermeasure) returns a bad result?

Respond "It's OK as long as we learn something."

This step forces us to make a commitment.

Set a Target We WILL Achieve

What single word can be asked/used to verify the cause and effect relationship of a 5 Why Analysis makes sense?

So

The S in SMART stands for:

Specific

Describes the last of the 8 steps to Practical Problem Solving

Standardize Success, Learn from Failure

5 Why analysis may result in multiple paths being created. True or False?

True

A proper root cause analysis will usually point to the action needed or at least point us in a very good direction. True or False?

True

A target must be measurable. True or False?

True

During the 7th step, it's extremely important to understand what the data are saying. True or False?

True

During the PDCA process we must go to Gemba, or the place the work is done, in order to see what's actually happening with our own eyes. True or False?

True

In order to check the results and the process we must to go gemba, or the place the work is done. True or False?

True

No matter what results we're dealing with, success or failure, it's important to continuously ask why. True or False?

True

No problem is a problem. True or False?

True

Points of cause are the places the problem becomes visible while the root causes are the things that cause them. True or False?

True

Problem statements should be measurable and clear. True or False?

True

Setting targets we WILL hit is an important step as it forces us to make a commitment. True or False?

True

The Points of Cause describe where the problem is happening within the process. True or False?

True

The failure to plan properly almost always results in longer times to resolve the problems. True or False?

True

The first step of the practical problem-solving method is to set SMART targets. True or False?

True

Using Post-it notes (sticky notes) is a good way to facilitate the brainstorming sessions that are part of the fishbone creation process. True or False?

True

Another word for attempting many ideas while seeing countermeasures through.

Trystorming

The horizontal deploying or copying of successful ideas throughout the organization.

Yokoten

This word means to share success horizontally throughout the organization.

Yokoten

The first, and arguably most important, method of analyzing the root cause is to go see for __________ without prejudice.

Yourself

Step 7 of the Practical Problem Solving methodology is often called the __________ phase as we evaluate both the results of our countermeasure implementation and the process itself.

check or follow up

The Tree Diagram helps us break down broad categories into finer levels of ___

detail

The Japanese word that translates to reflection or even repentance

hansei