Gastrointestinal quiz
The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient with dumping syndrome. Which patient statement indicates a correct understanding of this condition?
a. "It is delayed gastric emptying." b. "Glucose is dumped into the bloodstream." c. "Digestive secretions enter the esophagus." d. "There is rapid entry of food into the jejunum." CORRECT ANSWER: d. "There is rapid entry of food into the jejunum."
The nurse is caring for a patient on a gastrointestinal unit. Which patient statement should cause the nurse the most concern?
a. "My stool has been dark green and hard to pass lately." b. "Lately, I've had two or three loose, sticky black stools every day." c. "Usually I move my bowels every day and the stool is light brown." d. "My stool is soft and dark brown; I usually move my bowels twice a day." CORRECT ANSWER: b. "Lately, I've had two or three loose, sticky black stools every day."
The nurse is auscultating bowel sounds and hears two bowel sounds over 5 minutes. How should the nurse document this finding?
a. Absent bowel sounds b. Normal bowel sounds c. Hypoactive bowel sounds d. Hyperactive bowel sounds CORRECT ANSWER: c. Hypoactive bowel sounds
The nurse helps a client with diverticular disease choose appropriate dinner options for a low-residue diet. Which menu selections are most appropriate?
a. Baked fish with steamed asparagus, dinner roll with butter, glass of apple juice b. Spaghetti with meat sauce, fresh fruit cup, hot tea with lemon c. Chicken Caesar salad, cup of bean soup, glass of low-fat milk d. Roasted chicken, rice pilaf, cup of coffee with cream CORRECT ANSWER: a. Baked fish with steamed asparagus, dinner roll with butter, glass of apple juice
What should be done PRIOR to administration of medications by NG tube?
a. Check for proper tube placement by auscultation with a stethoscope and by aspiration. b.Prepare a large syringe in case additional pressure is required to force the medication through the tube. c. Clamp the tube for 30 minutes. d. Flush the tube with water to make sure it is patent. CORRECT ANSWER: a. Check for proper tube placement by auscultation with a stethoscope and by aspiration.
A patient recovering from GI surgery 4 hours ago is alert and oriented and complains of feeling thirsty. Diet orders read, "clear liquids, advance as tolerated." Which action should the nurse take?
a. Notify the RN. b. Ask the patient if she has passed any flatus. c. Allow the patient to take small sips of water. d. Inform the patient she must remain NPO (nothing by mouth) until she has bowel sounds. CORRECT ANSWER: c. Allow the patient to take small sips of water.
A patient is receiving lactulose (Chronulac) three times a day. The nurse knows that the patient is not constipated and is receiving this drug for which reason?
a. Preparation for bowel surgery b. Abdominal pain of unknown origin c. High ammonia levels due to liver failure d. Chronic diarrhea CORRECT ANSWER: c. High ammonia levels due to liver failure
The nurse is caring for a patient who is placed on a modified bland diet. Which should be removed before serving the patient's dinner tray?
a. Salt b. Sugar c. Pepper d. Mayonnaise CORRECT ANSWER: C. PEPPER
Pyloric stenosis can best be described as:
a. reduction of tone in the pyloric muscle. b. hypotonicity of the pyloric muscle. c. hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle. d. dilation of the pylorus. CORRECT ANSWER: c. hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle.
Aspiration is best defined as:
a. unintentional inhalation of a substance that may result in lung damage or infection. b. administration of medication via the nasogastric route. c. administration of a medication by breathing in via inhaler delivery. d. irritation of the upper GI tract. CORRECT ANSWER: a. unintentional inhalation of a substance that may result in lung damage or infection.