Gen Chem Exam #3
In one atom, what is the maximum number of electrons that could have the quantum number of n = 3?
18
In one atom, what is the maximum number of electrons that could have the quantum number of n = 1?
2
What is not permitted as a plausible orbital designation according to quantum theory?
3f
For which atomic orbital does n=3 and l=1?
3p
In a multi-electron atom, which orbital will have the highest energy?
4f
Einstein's work on the photoelectric effect validated and made extensive use of which equation?
E=hv
Which scientist summised the scientific principle that the position and momentum of an electron cannot be known simultaneously with a high degree of accuracy?
Heisenberg
Considering periodic trends, valence electrons in which atom experience the greatest effective nuclear charge?
Ne
What scientist first developed an equation to calculate the wavelengths of lines in the emission spectrum of hydrogen atoms?
Rydberg
Who developed the equation that allowed the energy of the electron to be described quantum mechanically?
Schrondinger
Which color (frequency) of light travels the fastest in a vacuum?
all have the same speed
Define amplitude as it relates to an electromagnetic wave.
amplitude corresponds to the magnitude of the waves height
This process is endothermic.
boiling a liquid
What is defined as the heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1 degree C?
calorie
Which property is not affected by the effective nuclear charge?
color
This process is exothermic.
condensation of gas into a liquid
l=2 for which orbitals?
d orbitals
If the frequency of an electromagnetic wave increases, the wavelength will
decrease
In which direction on the periodic table does metallic character increase?
down and to the left
The trend towards smaller atomic radii as one moves to the right in a period is...
due to the effective nuclear charge increasing
What is true concerning successive ionizations of an atom and its ions?
each successive ionization requires increasing amounts of energy
What particle would have the longest de Broglie wavelength traveling with the same velocity?
electron
What happens to the energy of a photon if the wavelength is doubled?
energy is reduced by one-half
l=3 for which orbitals?
f orbitals
Under which process does an atom demonstrate the largest increase in size in one step?
gaining its first electron to become a -1 anion
What type of light on the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest energy per photon?
gamma rays
Which form of radiation has the highest frequency?
gamma rays
What quantum mechanics principle states that electrons are added to atomic orbitals with the same energy so that each orbital is singularly occupied with electrons having the same spin?
hunds rule
Elements that are most similar in their properties are found...
in the same group
What is observed when a noble gas is heated and the emitted light shone through a prism?
individual lines of varying colors
What periodic trend quantifies the amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral gaseous state?
ionization energy
When molecules absorb heat, there is an increase in
kinetic energy
Red light has a _____ wavelength and a _____ frequency than does ultraviolet rays
lower, longer
Ionic bonds form between
metals and nonmetals
l=1 for which orbitals?
p orbitals
What states that no two electrons can have the same sets of four quantum numbers?
pauli exclusion principle
Identify the region of the electromagnetic spectrum where the wavelength measurement of 1 m can be found.
radio waves
What type of light on the electromagnetic spectrum has the lowest energy per photon?
radio waves
Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the largest wavelength?
radio waves
These are forms of kinetic energy
rotation, translation, vibration, heat
Which transition metal would have the smallest atomic radius?
ruthenium
What type of electron penetrates most towards the nucleus and therefore has the greatest shielding effect?
s
l=0 for which orbitals?
s orbitals
If light has a lot of energy it will have
small wavelength
If the amplitude of a electromagnetic wave increases, the frequency will
stay the same
Which metal would have the smallest atomic radius?
tantalum
What measures the average kinetic energy of a system?
temperature
The First Law of Thermodynamics tells us
that the energy of the universe is constant
If a hydrogen atom and a helium atom travel at the same speed, which of the following is true about the de Broglie wavelengths of the atoms?
the H atom is about 4 times longer than the He atom
Factors that affect the effective nuclear charge?
the electron orbital, number of core electrons, number of valence electrons, atomic number
A heat of formation is?
the heat required to make 1 mole of a compound from its elements in their standard states
What is not a form of potential energy?
thermal
(True or False) Two electrons can simultaneously occupy the same (n, l, ml) orbital
true
What best describes what happens when an ionic bond forms?
two atoms, one of which is more electronegative than the other, exchange electrons
Identify the region of the electromagnetic spectrum where the wavelength measurement of 450 nm can be found.
visible light
The calorie is defined based on the specific heat capacity of what substance?
water
Define wavelength as it relates to an electromagnetic wave.
wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs in a wave
Identify the region of the electromagnetic spectrum where the wavelength measurement of 7.5 nm can be found.
x-rays
If a reaction is exothermic what is true of its reverse reaction?
∆H > 0
