General Psych-Chapter 4
Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) ________ rhythm.
biological
Physical dependence on a drug is indicated by the user experiencing ________ as a result of discontinuing use of the drug.
changes in normal bodily function
Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A psychologist would say they have different ________.
chronotypes
Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world.
circadian
Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________.
consciousness
According to the dissociation view of hypnosis, hypnosis is ________.
effectively a dissociated state of consciousness
Sleep apnea is defined by ________.
episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops
Seeing the light from the sun, feeling the warmth of a room, and hearing the voice of a friend are all examples of ________ stimuli.
external
Which of the following would be experienced during a euphoric high?
feelings of intense elation and pleasure
1.Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system?
homeostasis
While ________ is generally achieved through the interaction of a therapist and the person being treated, an individual can perform ________ alone.
hypnosis; meditation
The sleep debt is the result of ________.
insufficient sleep on a chronic basis
Feeling pain, hunger, thirst, sleepiness, and being aware of our thoughts and emotions are all examples of ________ stimuli.
internal
Mona lives in North Carolina. She takes an overnight flight to California to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________.
jet lag
Marlowe wakes up from a dream about his teeth falling out. He looks in a dream dictionary and finds losing teeth is usually dream symbolism for anxiety. Marlowe is focused on the ________ content.
latent
A theta wave is a type of ________.
low frequency, low amplitude brain wave
Nancy is aware that she is dreaming when she has a nightmare, so she concentrates and changes her dream from bad to good. This is a good example of ________ dreaming.
lucid
Isla is describing her dream to a friend. She explains that in her dream she being chased by zombies and she escaped them by hiding in a refrigerator. Her description of her dream is focused on ________ content.
manifest
A state of ________, as shown by EEG recordings of new practitioners, is not an altered state of consciousness; however, patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness.
meditation
What hormone does the pineal gland release?
melatonin
Which of the following is an example of a synthetic opioid?
methadone
Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Samek may have ________.
narcolepsy
After Omar falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. Which parasomnia does Omar have?
night terrors
NREM sleep is a period of sleep ________.
outside periods of REM sleep
________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role.
parasomnia
________ involves a virtual reality model of the world.
protoconsciousness
Uncomfortable sensations in the leg during periods of inactivity are a symptom of ________ leg syndrome.
restless
Hamid is a 9-1-1 operator. When the blizzard began, he was told he would have to stay and work three extra shifts to cover for coworkers who were not able to drive to work through the storm. After 32 hours of exhausting work, he makes it home and discovers he is unable to fall asleep no matter how hard he tries. Hamid may be experiencing ________.
sleep rebound
Cocaine is considered a ________ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity.
stimulant
Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same affect. This is an example of ________.
tolerance
People often report that they have not been asleep if they are awoken during stage ________ sleep.
1
In what stage of sleep do sleep spindles appear?
2
The ________ wave is characteristic of stage 1 sleep.
Alpha
What occurs during stage 1 sleep?
Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down.
Who described the collective unconscious?
Carl Jung
What can you do to realign your biological clock with the external world when you work a rotating shift?
Expose yourself to bright light while working.
Which of the following statements about rotating shift work is false?
It will probably lead to substance abuse.
Which of the following statements about sleep-wake cycles is false?
Melatonin initiates the waking cycle.
Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.
REM
Which researcher believed that dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer?
Rosalind Cartwright
Which of these statements about Rosalind Cartwright is false?
She is a Jungian dream analyst.
Which theorist described dreams as having manifest and latent content?
Sigmund Freud
Which of the following statements about sleep deprivation is false?
Sleep deprivation often results in ADHD.
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? The brain's clock mechanism is located in an area of the hypothalamus known as the pineal nucleus.
The word "pineal" should be changed to the word "suprachiasmatic."
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "A theta wave is a very high amplitude pattern of brain activity that may in some cases occur in response to environmental stimuli."
The words "theta wave" should be changed to the phrase "K-complex."