Genetics Final

initiation codon, coding sequence

An open reading frame of a gene contains ______ and a terminal.

alternative, exons

One gene can encode several proteins by _______ splicing of the _______

5' cap, small

Initiation of translation occurs when the elF's bind to the mRNA's _____ which then recruit more elF's, the initiator tRNA, and the ______ ribosome subunit

5' UTR

The region between the initiation site/ codon and the start codon is called the _____

AUG, TAC

The start codon in a mRNA is _____ while the start codon of DNA is _____

downstream, methionine

The start codon is found ____ of the initiation codon and it encodes _______

inverted repeats and poly-A site

The terminal of a gene contains _______

DNA codon sequence and amino acid sequence

There is a colinearity between ________

translation, amino acids

A polypeptide is the product of _____ and the average length of a polypeptide is a 470 _____

rRNA, start

A ribosome is made up of 2 subunits of ___ which binds to the ____ codon of the mRNA.

hairpin loop by complementary pairing

After transcription, the inverted repeats found in the single stranded pre-mRNA terminal will form a ______

1.4, exons

An average gene is quite long, only ______ kb are ______ for encoding amino acids.

capping, poly-As

Modification of RNA includes the ______ of the 5' end then introns are spliced out, and lastly, ______ are added to the 3' end of mRNA

release, A-site

No tRNA has the anticodon for any of the three stop codons. Instead, a ______ factor comes to the _____ to disassemble the polypeptide, the ribosome, and the tRNA.

9, functional

Our body can synthesize ______ amino acids. Each amino acid is made up of a central carbon binding to a H, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a ______ group R.

P-site, tRNA

The ______ links the amino acids together, and the E-site allows exit of the ______

proline, polypeptide

The amino acid ____ is special because its special structure leads to a kink in the ______ chain.

N-C-C-N-C-C

The backbone of a polypeptide is _____

Aminoacyl, Peptidyl

The larger ribosomal subunit contains three active sites: _____ site, _____ site, and Exit (E) site.

initiation , start

Transcription starts at the _____ codon while translation starts at the ______ codon.

aminoacyl-tRNAs and GTPs

Translation requires the coordinated efforts of mRNA, elongation factors, ribosomes _______

P-O

Two RNA nucleotides are joint together by a _______ bond

peptide, water

When two amino acids are joint together, a _____ bond formed with the removal of a _____ molecule

DNA replication and transcription

Which of the following processes take place in the nucleus?

RNA, transcription

_______ polymerase binds to the promoter region and partially open up the double stranded DNA. Then it will start _____ at the initiation site.