Genetics Final
initiation codon, coding sequence
An open reading frame of a gene contains ______ and a terminal.
alternative, exons
One gene can encode several proteins by _______ splicing of the _______
5' cap, small
Initiation of translation occurs when the elF's bind to the mRNA's _____ which then recruit more elF's, the initiator tRNA, and the ______ ribosome subunit
5' UTR
The region between the initiation site/ codon and the start codon is called the _____
AUG, TAC
The start codon in a mRNA is _____ while the start codon of DNA is _____
downstream, methionine
The start codon is found ____ of the initiation codon and it encodes _______
inverted repeats and poly-A site
The terminal of a gene contains _______
DNA codon sequence and amino acid sequence
There is a colinearity between ________
translation, amino acids
A polypeptide is the product of _____ and the average length of a polypeptide is a 470 _____
rRNA, start
A ribosome is made up of 2 subunits of ___ which binds to the ____ codon of the mRNA.
hairpin loop by complementary pairing
After transcription, the inverted repeats found in the single stranded pre-mRNA terminal will form a ______
1.4, exons
An average gene is quite long, only ______ kb are ______ for encoding amino acids.
capping, poly-As
Modification of RNA includes the ______ of the 5' end then introns are spliced out, and lastly, ______ are added to the 3' end of mRNA
release, A-site
No tRNA has the anticodon for any of the three stop codons. Instead, a ______ factor comes to the _____ to disassemble the polypeptide, the ribosome, and the tRNA.
9, functional
Our body can synthesize ______ amino acids. Each amino acid is made up of a central carbon binding to a H, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a ______ group R.
P-site, tRNA
The ______ links the amino acids together, and the E-site allows exit of the ______
proline, polypeptide
The amino acid ____ is special because its special structure leads to a kink in the ______ chain.
N-C-C-N-C-C
The backbone of a polypeptide is _____
Aminoacyl, Peptidyl
The larger ribosomal subunit contains three active sites: _____ site, _____ site, and Exit (E) site.
initiation , start
Transcription starts at the _____ codon while translation starts at the ______ codon.
aminoacyl-tRNAs and GTPs
Translation requires the coordinated efforts of mRNA, elongation factors, ribosomes _______
P-O
Two RNA nucleotides are joint together by a _______ bond
peptide, water
When two amino acids are joint together, a _____ bond formed with the removal of a _____ molecule
DNA replication and transcription
Which of the following processes take place in the nucleus?
RNA, transcription
_______ polymerase binds to the promoter region and partially open up the double stranded DNA. Then it will start _____ at the initiation site.