GEO 102 Final Chapter 12

Which of the following stream channel types is likely to develop on gently sloping surfaces composed of rock or sediments with approximately the same resistance to erosion? Also assume that there are no structural controls on the pattern's development.

Dendritic.

The glaciated shield regions of Canada and Northern Europe have disrupted surface drainage patterns that are called____ patterns.

Deranged.

Watersheds are defined by

Drainage divides.

Natural levees are created during

Floods.

Rectangular drainage patterns form as a result of_____.

Flow through a faulted landscape.

Stream-related processes are termed

Fluvial.

Rivers east of the continental divide in the Rockies drain into the

Gulf/Atlantic drainage.

Which of the following is true of the longitudinal profile of most rivers?

It is concave in shape.

A cutoff on a meandering stream results in the formation of

An oxbow lake.

Which of the following is likely to occur if the gradient of a stream increases? Assume that the discharge and sediment load remain unchanged.

The stream will begin to erode its channel and/or its banks.

Which drainage pattern is controlled by rock structures of variable resistance and folded strata?

Trellis.

If you live in an area that was flooded by the 100 year flood last year, you can conclude that

You could be flooded by the 100 year flood again this year.

As the discharge of a stream increases, which of the following also happens?

Width, depth, and velocity all increase.

The largest material that can be carried by a stream is carried as

Bed load.

The construction of a dam across a river is likely to cause____ upstream and____ downstream.

Aggradation; erosion.

The general term for clay, silt, and sand deposited by running water is

Alluvium.

Of the world's largest rivers, which has the greatest discharge?

Amazon River.

John Wesley Powell put forward the idea of base level, which refers to

An imagined surface that extends inland from sea level, and is inclined gently upward. A level below which a stream cannot erode its valley.

The maximum velocity line in a stream is

At the center and near the surface, corresponding with the deepest parts of the stream channel.

Which of the following stream channel forms is likely to develop when aggradation greatly exceeds erosion?

Braided channels.

The total possible load a stream can transport is its____, whereas a stream's ability to move particles of specific size is its_____.

Capacity; competence.

As a stream's carrying capacity decreases, which of the following sizes of sediments will be deposited last?

Clay.

The effect of urbanization on a typical stream hydrograph is to

Decrease lag time between storm peak and peak stream discharge.

As base level is approached by a stream, the ability of a stream to erode its bed

Decreases.

The suspended load of a stream consists of particles that are

Held aloft in the stream flow.

Stream capture refers to

The process by which one channel erodes through a drainage divide and captures the headwater regions of another stream.

The degradation of a landscape by weathering, erosion, and transportation has an ultimate goal of reducing the landscape down to

Base level, namely sea level.

Which of the following is correctly matched?

D: Parallel.

An interruption in a stream's graded profile of equilibrium is called a

Nickpoint.

A central peak, or a dome of a volcanic mountain, generally produces____ drainage patterns.

Radial.

Stream transport involves all of the following

Saltation, bed load, traction.

The ultimate base level is

Sea level.

Stream drainage patterns are determined by which of the following?

Slope, differing rock resistance, climatic and hyrdrologic variability.

Which of the following is true regarding the flooding of New Orleans in 2005?

The city is almost entirely below the level of the Mississippi, with parts actually below sea level.

Which of the following is true regarding floodplains?

They are formed by recurrent flooding in the area adjacent to the stream. Natural levees on either side of a stream are formed during times when the stream is at flood stage and overflows the bank. They are generally low-lying areas.

Which of the following landforms is correctly matched with a drainage pattern?

Volcano-- radial. Folded mountain belt-- trellis. Eroded dome-- annular.

Which of the following lists of processes are in the correct sequence as to their occurrence in nature?

Weathering, erosion, transport, deposition.