GEOG 201 Exam 2
Sail-Wagon Epoch
1790-1830. Almost all cities and towns were associated with water transportation.
Iron Horse Epoch
1830-1870. Railway development.
When did the manufacturing core rise to prominence?
1870's
Steel-Rail Epoch
1870-1920. Development of steel. Replaced iron rails with stronger and heavier steel rails and increased demand for bituminous coal.
Auto-Air-Amenity Epoch
1920-1960. Automobile and airplane development.
When did people begin to leave large metropolitan regions?
1960's
Golden Horseshoe
An industrial district in Canada extending from Toronto to Hamilton, on the western end of Lake Ontario. Hinterland of Toronto
City famous for apparel and leather industries
Boston
Lower Canada
British colony "down" the St. Lawrence, mostly French speaking. The name given to the area settled by the French Canadians
What two bays were formed form the drowned lower courses of the Susquehanna and Delaware rivers
Chesapeake and Delaware
Urban forms are manifested by
Dense patterns of streets and buildings Industrial centers Retail clusters and wholesale clusters Governmental complexes
Where are large deposits of high-quality mineral fuel?
Eastern section of interior plains
Official language (s) of Canada
English and French
Prior to 1910, the cities of Megalopolis absorbed large numbers of immigrants from:
Europe
Jacques Cartier
French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence river and laid claim to the region for France. Reached Montreal Island in 1535
Which of the following does NOT explain how Long Island has enhanced the quality of New York's harbor.
Good land to accommodate the New York area's urban growth was not restricted to the west of the Hudson River in New Jersey by tidal marshes and the erosion-resistant ridge of the Palisades
2007, which state had the largest non-farm labor force in manufacturing?
Indiana
How did Chicago emerge as the dominant city of the interior manufacturing core?
It was an ideal transportation hub. Being in the optimum ocation for people and goods to transfer between lake shipping and rich agricultural regions to the west, it gained a lot of support and grew rapidly.
North America's manufacturing hearth is:
New England
Which core city developed an extremely diversified industrial mix?
New York
Which state has the worst soil?
New York
French geographer Jean Gottmann's "very special region" is located in the
Northeastern US
The Manufacturing Core of the US includes all of the following areas EXCEPT:
Northern New England
NY has become dominated by what type of industries?
Office
Manufacturing Core city known for food processing and a cultural center
Philadelphia
What are some of the general circumstances that contributed to the growth of an American Manufacturing core?
Rich mineral resources, abundance of river ways and natural lakes created cheap modes of transportation. Railways developing connected the mid-west to eastern ports.
great circle route
Shortest route between any two places on the planet
Megalopolis provided easy ocean access to all of the following EXCEPT:
South America
Compared to the time of its settlement, the size of the Canadian Core today....
has not changed
Which part of Megalopolis was covered by glaciers during the most recent Ice Age?
The Northern half
Which zone does not have metallic minerals?
The Sierras
In terms of quality harbors, what makes Megalopolis different from other cities such as San Francisco, Seattle, and Mobile?
The location of the harbors and their proximity to one another
The Hudson-Mohawk River System...
is located at the head of the best natural route through the appalachian mountains
Seigneuries
large land grants in French Canada possessing feudal privileges that were awarded by the kings of France to noblemen and to the Church. These lands were then parceled out to the individual settlers.
Heavy Industry
manufacturing activities engaged in the conversion of large volumes of raw materials and partially processed materials into products of higher value.
Light Industry
manufacturing activities that use moderate amounts of partially processed materials to produce items of relatively high value per unit weight
Which of the following is NOT true about the precipitation of the Canadian Core?
mean annual rainfall is more than 40 inches
Hydrography and Agriculture of Canadian Shield
poorly drained, small, swampy pockets across the region. Poor soil and harsh climate restricted productive farming. Very thin soils.
All are true regarding the Canadian Core EXCEPT
several large multi-nodal urban-industrial cities
The western margin of the manufacturing core gradually blends into
the agricultural core region
Exurbia
the area farthest from a large urban place in which people working in the urban place live; beyond suburbia residensts in this area live in a rural or small town setting by do not draw their economic or cultural susyenance from the setting
delaware bay
the estuary outlet of the delaware river on the northeast seaboard of the US
French Fur Trappers
the key means of funding imports from Europe in the early settlements of the St. Lawrence Valley.
new york city
the largest city in the US
central business district (CBD)
the main business and commercial area of a town or city
Which farming implement became available during the later 1800's
the mechanical reaper
Gentrification
the process of renovating and improving a house or district so that it conforms to middle-class taste
estuaries
the tidal mouth of a large river, where the river meets the stream
urban sprawl
the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas
Largest Canadian population
Toronto
How many changes in elevation in the Great Lakes?
Two
Which is NOT a major crop in Ontario?
WHEAT
Which one of the following is/are NOT located within the Manufacturing Core region?
Washington D.C.
Fall line cities
Washington, Baltimore, Wilmington, Philadelphia, Trenton
For early settlers, the fall line hindered
Water navigation
Niagra Peninsula
Where 85% of Ontario's vineyards lie. Lots of fruits!
erie canal
a canal in NY that is part of the east-west cross-state route of the NY canal system
One of the most important site characteristics of megalopolitan growth was:
a coastline of abundant indentations
long island
a densely populated island off the east coast of the US, beginning at NT harbor and extends eastward into the atlantic ocean
Federation
a form of government in which powers and functions are divided between a central government and a number of political subdivisions that have a significant degree of political autonomy
Piedmont
a gendle slop leading from the base of mountains into a region of flat land
delaware river
a major river on the atlandtic coast of the US and drains an area of 14k square miles in five us states: delaware, maryland, NJ, NY, pennsylvania
Accessibility resources
a naturally occuring landscape feature that faclitates interaction between places
Megalopolis
a very large, heavily populated city or urban complex
hinterland
an area behind a coast or the shoreline of a river. specifically, by the doctrine of this, it is the inland region lying behind a port and is claimed by the state that owns the coast. The area from which products are delievers to a port for shipping elsewhere
chesapeake bay
an estuary in the US maryland and virginia, this is located in the mid-atlantic region and its primarily separated from the atlandtic ocean by the delmarva peninsula with its mouth located between cape henry and cape charles
Conurbation
an extended urban area, typically consisting of several towns merging with the suburbs of one or more cities
Metropolitan Coalescence
an extensive urban area. formed when two or more cities coalesce to form a continuous metropolitan area
Sarnia
city that is the center of the petrochemical and automobile region.
Welland Canal
connects lake ontario to lake erie
French and Indian War
(1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won.
Which of the following is NOT one of the significant aspects of the megalopolis
A common mix of economic qualities
Metals fabrication and Chemical indisutrial sectors can be found in...
Baltimore and Philadelphia
Ottawa
Canada's capital
Quebec
Canadian province that tried to secede from Canada
Traveling inland from the Atlantic Coast, the very flat coastal plain is succeeded by a rolling, frequently hilly landscape called the....
Piedmont
Significant Attributed of Pittsburgh's site and situation?
Steel! located in junction of Allegheny and Monogahela rivers where they join to form the Ohio River. This place took advantage of access to both raw materials and downriver markets. The rivers were rich with coal and with the Ohio River flowing along the S Agricultural Core, the beginnings of the US Steel Corporation spurred here.
black migration during WWI
after 1910, african americans moving from the south began to grow. it continued through midcentury, black residential densities increased and spread out from the original areas. AS these communities got larger and found better paying job and merged into a larger culture, they moved to the outer edges of the city
hudson-mohawk river system
largest tributary of the hudson river. the river is named for a nation of the iroquois confederacy
Rang System
lines of long, narrow fields in French Canada, created to maximize access to rivers or roads for transportation