Geography: Chapter 13- Weathering,Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movements
By definition, a landscape in a state of dynamic equilibrium experiences no change
False
Karst topography involves the chemical weathering of granite landscapes
False
Physical weathering dominates in warm, wet climates
False
Salt-crystal growth is most prevalent in humid regions.
False
The angel of repose represents a balance between gravity and friction and shear.
True
When rainwater attacks formations of limestone, the minerals dissolve and wash away with the mildly acid rainwater. This is an example of
carbonation - true
Hydrolis, hydration, oxidation and carbonation are all examples of ___________ weathering processes.
chemical
Hydration does not result in the formation of new chemical compounds, whereas hydrolis produces a different mineral through a
chemical reaction - True
A sinkhole that develops over a period of hours or days and forms from a collapse through the roof of an unground cavern is known as a
collapse sinkhole - true
A mass of falling and tumbling rock, debris, and soil traveling at a high velocity owing to the presence of ice or water is a
debris avalanche - True
All processes that cause reduction and rearrangement of landforms are included in the term
denudation - true
Spring of 1925 at Jackson Hole, WY, about 37 million m3 of moisture-laden soil and rock moved down one side of the canyon and surge up the other side. This is an example of a(
earthflow
The weathering process responsible for breaking marble into pieces
frost wedging- True
The angel of repose represent a balance between the driving force and resisting force. Which of the following is the driving force?
gravity
The driving force of mass movement is
gravity - True
Chemical weathering is greatest under conditions of
higher rainfall and higher temperatures
In which climates would rocks experience the highest amounts of chemical decomposition and decay?
hot and wet
Chemical weathering processes are particularly effect on limestone landscapes, forming
karst topography - true
Continuing dissolution and collapse may lead the coalescing of sinkholes to form a
karst valley - true
Which of the following is not a denudation process?
orogeny
In polar and alpine regions, thawing and saturation of the upper layer of soil, resulting in a slow downslope movement called
solifluction
A slope is _______ if its strength exceed denudation processes and ______ if its materials are weaker than denundation processes
stable, unstable
PHOTO example of _______; in which debris piles up to a characteristic angle of repose. and there's water
talus slope
Which of the following is not exogenic in nature?
tectonic uplift
Hydration involves
the addition of water with little chemical change
Which of the following are the principal active agents involved in chemical weathering?
water, oxygen, carbon dioxide
The process that breaks down the rock at the Earth's surface through the disintegration of rock into mineral particles or dissolving it into water is known as
weathering
Many Native American dwellings at Mesa Verde and elsewhere in the western United States are located under overhangs that form along the contact between ppermeable and impermeable rock layers. These overhangs, niches, were created by
salt-crystal growth
Karst topography is an example of chemical weathering occurring over entire
Landscapes- True
Which of the following is not necessary for well-developed karst to develop?
arid conditions
If the Earth didn't experience endogenic process, the landscape would
be very low relief as a result of weathering and erosion in the absence of uplift
Rust, formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of water, is an example of
oxidation
Exfoliation and pressure-release jointing are examples of ______________ weathering processes.
physical
Plants are important to the development of karst primarily because
plants supply organic acids that enhance the dissolution process
When the upper surface of consolidated rock undergoes constant weathering, it creates broken-up rock called
regolith