Geography: Chapter 13- Weathering,Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movements

By definition, a landscape in a state of dynamic equilibrium experiences no change

False

Karst topography involves the chemical weathering of granite landscapes

False

Physical weathering dominates in warm, wet climates

False

Salt-crystal growth is most prevalent in humid regions.

False

The angel of repose represents a balance between gravity and friction and shear.

True

When rainwater attacks formations of limestone, the minerals dissolve and wash away with the mildly acid rainwater. This is an example of

carbonation - true

Hydrolis, hydration, oxidation and carbonation are all examples of ___________ weathering processes.

chemical

Hydration does not result in the formation of new chemical compounds, whereas hydrolis produces a different mineral through a

chemical reaction - True

A sinkhole that develops over a period of hours or days and forms from a collapse through the roof of an unground cavern is known as a

collapse sinkhole - true

A mass of falling and tumbling rock, debris, and soil traveling at a high velocity owing to the presence of ice or water is a

debris avalanche - True

All processes that cause reduction and rearrangement of landforms are included in the term

denudation - true

Spring of 1925 at Jackson Hole, WY, about 37 million m3 of moisture-laden soil and rock moved down one side of the canyon and surge up the other side. This is an example of a(

earthflow

The weathering process responsible for breaking marble into pieces

frost wedging- True

The angel of repose represent a balance between the driving force and resisting force. Which of the following is the driving force?

gravity

The driving force of mass movement is

gravity - True

Chemical weathering is greatest under conditions of

higher rainfall and higher temperatures

In which climates would rocks experience the highest amounts of chemical decomposition and decay?

hot and wet

Chemical weathering processes are particularly effect on limestone landscapes, forming

karst topography - true

Continuing dissolution and collapse may lead the coalescing of sinkholes to form a

karst valley - true

Which of the following is not a denudation process?

orogeny

In polar and alpine regions, thawing and saturation of the upper layer of soil, resulting in a slow downslope movement called

solifluction

A slope is _______ if its strength exceed denudation processes and ______ if its materials are weaker than denundation processes

stable, unstable

PHOTO example of _______; in which debris piles up to a characteristic angle of repose. and there's water

talus slope

Which of the following is not exogenic in nature?

tectonic uplift

Hydration involves

the addition of water with little chemical change

Which of the following are the principal active agents involved in chemical weathering?

water, oxygen, carbon dioxide

The process that breaks down the rock at the Earth's surface through the disintegration of rock into mineral particles or dissolving it into water is known as

weathering

Many Native American dwellings at Mesa Verde and elsewhere in the western United States are located under overhangs that form along the contact between ppermeable and impermeable rock layers. These overhangs, niches, were created by

salt-crystal growth

Karst topography is an example of chemical weathering occurring over entire

Landscapes- True

Which of the following is not necessary for well-developed karst to develop?

arid conditions

If the Earth didn't experience endogenic process, the landscape would

be very low relief as a result of weathering and erosion in the absence of uplift

Rust, formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of water, is an example of

oxidation

Exfoliation and pressure-release jointing are examples of ______________ weathering processes.

physical

Plants are important to the development of karst primarily because

plants supply organic acids that enhance the dissolution process

When the upper surface of consolidated rock undergoes constant weathering, it creates broken-up rock called

regolith