GEOL 1302 Exam #3
How long will it take the sea to rise 7 m at the current rate?
2,212 years
What is the percentage of dissolved salt in seawater ?
3.5 %
Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered with water
70%
Which of the following list correctly identifies the various sea floor land forms?
A= continental shelf, B=continental slope, D= continental rise, G= abyssal plain, C= mid-ocean ridge, F= trench, and E= volcanic arc.
Which river has the greatest discharge of any steam on Earth?
Amazon
Which letter represent the crest and trough?
C and B
The total sediment load of a stream consists of all of following EXCEPT the ______ load.
Dissolved
Which of the following increase the risk of mass movements
Flooding the sediment with water to the point of saturation
Why does an MOR sit up higher than the surrounding oceanic crust?
Hot materials are less dense and expand, thus the new crust will sit higher than the surrounding crust
Why does the removal of material at the base of a slope decreases its stability?
The slope now exceeds the angle of repose
Compared with the continental lithosphere, the oceanic lithosphere is ___________
Thinner
which of the following situations would be the least susceptible to slope failure?
a gently sloping hill in a dry desert region
Which of the following situations is the most likely candidate for the occurrence of mass movements?
a mountain terrain in a humid environment
Geological evidence suggest that many millions of years ago, the Amazon basin drained toward the west rather than the east. What caused this drainage reversal?
a rise in global sea
Why does adding a small amount of water to a substance increase its cohesion but adding a lot of water decrease its cohesion?
a small amount of water increases surface tension and holds the grain together . Too much water betweend games the grains will eliminate surface erosion
The figure below shows a road in Death Valley, California curving around a(n)
alluvial fan
An impermeable layer of rock or sediment is termed a(n) ________ in hydrogeologic contexts.
aquitard
What can you conclude is the most likely reason for your well to become dry?
as the city grew larger, more wells were drilled and water was ovepumped, thus lowering the water table
The form and topography (depth profile) of the ocean floor is termed _______
bathymetry
Hard water results from relatively high concentrations of dissolved ____________.
calcium and magnesium
Which of the following is NOT true A 100 year flood _______.
cannot occur in successive year
Themohaline circulation carries _______ water from the pole to the equator, where the water becomes _______
cold;warm
Geologist distinguishes among different types of mass wasting based on factors such as the _____ of the moving material and the rate of movement
composition
Imagine you have just bought some property and notice that the trees on the slope have curved trunks. What type of landslide event do you likely have on your property?
creep
The figure below shows an example of a ______
dendritic
Compared with the continental crust, the oceanic crust is ________
denser
Unstable slopes start to move when the ____ force exceeds the _____ force that holds the material in place
downslope; resistance
When the sea level rises, an ocean may invade a river valley, producing a nearshore body of water of mixed and variable salinity termed a(n)
estuary
In addition to its immense size, what else is unusual about Carlsbad caverns in southeastern new mexico?
geologists think the system was produced by sulfuric acid rather than carbonic acid
A periodic explosive eruptions of steam and water from within the ground up through the surface is termed a(n)
geyser
The slope of a stream measured between two points along its course is the
gradient
The immediate cause of incidents of mass movements is
gravity
The majority of liquid freshwater Earth exists in ________
groundwater
High tide will be ________ during a full moon than normally.
higher
An aquifer can have ________ porosity and ________ permeability but not ________ porosity and ________ permeability.
low;high;high;no
A small mountain stream will have a ______ competence ______ capacity than the Mississippi
lower; greater
If a material is porous, it ________
may be permeable or impermeable
the rate of groundwater flow per unit area through a body of rock or sediment depends ______
on the slope of the water table and the permeability of the rock or sediment
Material through which water readily flows is termed
permeable
Along a large cone-shaped volcano, a ________ drainage network is expected.
radial
The most important factor in determine if an area will be subject to mass movements is
relief
What is the quickest way to remove the hazard from an avalanche?
shoot area with cannon
Which list correctly orders the three types of subsurface water from shallowest to deepest?
soil moisture, vadose zone water, groundwater
After finishing a new construction project, why is the first task often to install new landscaping around the area?
the roots will grow into the slope and work to keep the slope intact
Why does an artestain well flow without pumping?
the water in an unconfined is pressurized
Rock or sediment between the water table and the land surface represents a(n) ________.
unsaturated zone
Lahars occur on
volcanic slopes
As ________ occurs, intact rock is broken down into smaller, weaker pieces called sediment.
weathering