GEOL 1302 Exam #3

How long will it take the sea to rise 7 m at the current rate?

2,212 years

What is the percentage of dissolved salt in seawater ?

3.5 %

Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered with water

70%

Which of the following list correctly identifies the various sea floor land forms?

A= continental shelf, B=continental slope, D= continental rise, G= abyssal plain, C= mid-ocean ridge, F= trench, and E= volcanic arc.

Which river has the greatest discharge of any steam on Earth?

Amazon

Which letter represent the crest and trough?

C and B

The total sediment load of a stream consists of all of following EXCEPT the ______ load.

Dissolved

Which of the following increase the risk of mass movements

Flooding the sediment with water to the point of saturation

Why does an MOR sit up higher than the surrounding oceanic crust?

Hot materials are less dense and expand, thus the new crust will sit higher than the surrounding crust

Why does the removal of material at the base of a slope decreases its stability?

The slope now exceeds the angle of repose

Compared with the continental lithosphere, the oceanic lithosphere is ___________

Thinner

which of the following situations would be the least susceptible to slope failure?

a gently sloping hill in a dry desert region

Which of the following situations is the most likely candidate for the occurrence of mass movements?

a mountain terrain in a humid environment

Geological evidence suggest that many millions of years ago, the Amazon basin drained toward the west rather than the east. What caused this drainage reversal?

a rise in global sea

Why does adding a small amount of water to a substance increase its cohesion but adding a lot of water decrease its cohesion?

a small amount of water increases surface tension and holds the grain together . Too much water betweend games the grains will eliminate surface erosion

The figure below shows a road in Death Valley, California curving around a(n)

alluvial fan

An impermeable layer of rock or sediment is termed a(n) ________ in hydrogeologic contexts.

aquitard

What can you conclude is the most likely reason for your well to become dry?

as the city grew larger, more wells were drilled and water was ovepumped, thus lowering the water table

The form and topography (depth profile) of the ocean floor is termed _______

bathymetry

Hard water results from relatively high concentrations of dissolved ____________.

calcium and magnesium

Which of the following is NOT true A 100 year flood _______.

cannot occur in successive year

Themohaline circulation carries _______ water from the pole to the equator, where the water becomes _______

cold;warm

Geologist distinguishes among different types of mass wasting based on factors such as the _____ of the moving material and the rate of movement

composition

Imagine you have just bought some property and notice that the trees on the slope have curved trunks. What type of landslide event do you likely have on your property?

creep

The figure below shows an example of a ______

dendritic

Compared with the continental crust, the oceanic crust is ________

denser

Unstable slopes start to move when the ____ force exceeds the _____ force that holds the material in place

downslope; resistance

When the sea level rises, an ocean may invade a river valley, producing a nearshore body of water of mixed and variable salinity termed a(n)

estuary

In addition to its immense size, what else is unusual about Carlsbad caverns in southeastern new mexico?

geologists think the system was produced by sulfuric acid rather than carbonic acid

A periodic explosive eruptions of steam and water from within the ground up through the surface is termed a(n)

geyser

The slope of a stream measured between two points along its course is the

gradient

The immediate cause of incidents of mass movements is

gravity

The majority of liquid freshwater Earth exists in ________

groundwater

High tide will be ________ during a full moon than normally.

higher

An aquifer can have ________ porosity and ________ permeability but not ________ porosity and ________ permeability.

low;high;high;no

A small mountain stream will have a ______ competence ______ capacity than the Mississippi

lower; greater

If a material is porous, it ________

may be permeable or impermeable

the rate of groundwater flow per unit area through a body of rock or sediment depends ______

on the slope of the water table and the permeability of the rock or sediment

Material through which water readily flows is termed

permeable

Along a large cone-shaped volcano, a ________ drainage network is expected.

radial

The most important factor in determine if an area will be subject to mass movements is

relief

What is the quickest way to remove the hazard from an avalanche?

shoot area with cannon

Which list correctly orders the three types of subsurface water from shallowest to deepest?

soil moisture, vadose zone water, groundwater

After finishing a new construction project, why is the first task often to install new landscaping around the area?

the roots will grow into the slope and work to keep the slope intact

Why does an artestain well flow without pumping?

the water in an unconfined is pressurized

Rock or sediment between the water table and the land surface represents a(n) ________.

unsaturated zone

Lahars occur on

volcanic slopes

As ________ occurs, intact rock is broken down into smaller, weaker pieces called sediment.

weathering