Geri Final chapters 18-23

Which comorbidity commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus enhances the development of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus? a. Hyperlipidemia b. Hypothyroidism c. Venous insufficiency d. Chronic constipation

a. Hyperlipidemia

A 58-year-old African American man in good health has a blood pressure at 120/73 mm Hg at his annual physical examination. Which of the following is the best goal for the nurse to use to assist him in maintaining his health and wellness into older age? a. Alter modifiable risk factors. b. Prevent cardiovascular disease. c. Recognize disease in early stage. d. Maintain tight glycemic control.

b. Prevent cardiovascular disease

Which is the best goal when planning nursing care for an older patient with diabetes mellitus? a. Stabilize the serum glucose. b. Prevent disease progression. c. Set walking distance goals. d. Plan for consistent exercise.

b. Prevent disease progression.

Which of the following behavior modifications should the nurse instruct a patient to accomplish to help reduce the risk factors for an occurrence of a stroke? (Select all that apply.) a. Increase the intake of green, leafy vegetables. b. Stop smoking. c. Control blood pressure. d. Increase physical activity.

b. Stop smoking. c. Control blood pressure. d. Increase physical activity

Which of the following is a true statement about joints in older adults? a. Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory joint disorder. b. Surgical joint replacement can cure OA. c. Joint damage in OA is reversed with medication. d. Very old patients should avoid joint replacement surgery.

b. Surgical joint replacement can cure OA.

Persons with normal age-related sensory changes are likely to have the most difficulty distinguishing which of the following? a. Spoken pairs of phrases such as "she's praised" and "fees raised" b. Orange towel hanging on a beige wall c. "Go" and "to" in lowercase letters in fine print d. Spoken word pairs like "cupful" and "capful"

a. Spoken pairs of phrases such as "she's praised" and "fees raised"

A nurse plans for the discharge of a 75-year-old patient who has the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which of these actions would the nurse consider first? a. Avoid stressful situations. b. Schedule an annual dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. c. Remove clutter from the floors of the home. d. Encourage consumption of a high-protein diet.

c. Remove clutter from the floors of the home.

The nurse prepares an older man who has osteoarthritis (OA) for discharge. Which instruction does the nurse include in patient teaching to maintain safety for this man? a. Take ibuprofen (Motrin) rather than opioid analgesics. b. Increase rest periods to slow disease progression. c. Report joint instability to the health care provider. d. Avoid stretching the affected joint during exercise.

c. Report joint instability to the health care provider.

The nurse assists an older man who has type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve his glucose control. Which of the following instructions does the nurse give to this individual when he plans to walk more than usual in 1 day? a. Omit antidiabetic medication. b. Wear sturdy open-toed shoes. c. Supplement caloric intake. d. Prepare to administer insulin.

c. Supplement caloric intake.

Which is the most likely reason that type 2 diabetes mellitus is often difficult to diagnose in older adults? a. Presenting symptoms occur very quickly. b. The disease rarely occurs in older adults. c. The classic symptoms may not be present in older adults. d. There are no recognizable symptoms; it is a "silent killer."

c. The classic symptoms may not be present in older adults.

An older, non-Hispanic white man has a fasting blood sugar level above 130 mg/dL. Which patient assessment does the nurse use to confirm a high risk for diabetes mellitus in this man? a. 68 years of age b. 120/80 mm Hg c. Palpable peripheral pulses d. Total cholesterol 198 mg/dL

a. 68 years of age

The nurse understands that heart disease risk factors are which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Age b. Hypertension c. Diabetes d. Macular degeneration

a. Age b. Hypertension c. Diabetes

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which signs and symptoms indicate hyperthyroidism? (Select all that apply.) a. Atrial fibrillation b. Heart failure c. Constipation d. Heat intolerance

a. Atrial fibrillation b. Heart failure c. Constipation

A nurse is teaching an older adult who is experiencing an acute attack of gout. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Avoid foods high in purine. b. Encourage the patient to take in 1 L of fluid daily. c. Consume one glass of red wine daily. d. Recommend that the patient eat 12 to 16 oz of foods high in protein such as red meat.

a. Avoid foods high in purine.

An older woman who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) wants to perform self-care activities. Which instruction should the nurse include in patient teaching to help her achieve this goal? a. Bathe and eat slowly with periodic rest. b. Walk short distances without oxygen. c. Perform all activities of daily living (ADLs) and then rest. d. Bathe right after eating, and then rest.

a. Bathe and eat slowly with periodic rest.

Which condition is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? a. Bronchial asthma b. Histoplasmosis c. Bacterial pneumonia d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

a. Bronchial asthma

Which are potential results of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension? (Select all that apply.) a. Carotid stenosis b. Diabetes mellitus c. Renal insufficiency d. Coronary artery disease e. Isolated systolic hypertension f. Familial hypercholesterolemia

a. Carotid stenosis c. Renal insufficiency d. Coronary artery disease

An older man who has heart failure (HF) complains of increasing dyspnea over 2 days. Which of the following should the nurse assess to help determine whether the patient has adhered to his therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. Check for peripheral edema. b. Ask about his bowel pattern. c. Auscultate the lungs bilaterally. d. Compare his weight with baseline. e. Determine coughing frequency. f. Assess his diet over the past 48 hours.

a. Check for peripheral edema. c. Auscultate the lungs bilaterally. d. Compare his weight with baseline. f. Assess his diet over the past 48 hours.

The nurse is educating an older woman on foods high in calcium. Which foods should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Chinese cabbage b. Soy milk c. Cheese pizza d. Whole wheat

a. Chinese cabbage b. Soy milk c. Cheese pizza

Which of the following is the most important goal in the nursing plan of care to decrease the frequency of hospitalizations for acute exacerbations of HF in older adults who have HF? a. Control fluid balance. b. Control blood pressure. c. Prevent deconditioning. d. Maintain patient safety.

a. Control fluid balance.

The nurse recognizes which of the following signs and symptoms as an indication of hypothyroidism? (Select all that apply.) a. Decline in cognitive function b. Decrease in functional status c. Decrease in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) d. Heat intolerance

a. Decline in cognitive function b. Decrease in functional status d. Heat intolerance

Which of the following statements is true about dysarthria? a. Does not affect intelligence b. Stems from severe rheumatoid arthritis c. Physical therapy can be beneficial d. Can affect the balance

a. Does not affect intelligence

When preparing a patient teaching session on diabetic retinopathy, the nurse should include which interventions when discussing treatments for slowing the progression of the disease? (Select all that apply.) a. Glucose control b. Blood pressure control c. Laser therapy d. Cornea transplant

a. Glucose control b. Blood pressure control c. Laser therapy

A nurse is educating a group of older adults on the impact of lifestyle changes on hypertension. The nurse includes which of the following in the education? (Select all that apply.) a. Learning how to read and interpret food labels b. The sodium content of commonly consumed foods c. Techniques to incorporate more physical activity into the daily routine d. The actions of calcium channel blocker medications on hypertension e. The importance of adhering to pharmacologic regimens for treatment of hypertension

a. Learning how to read and interpret food labels b. The sodium content of commonly consumed foods c. Techniques to incorporate more physical activity into the daily routine

Which is a healthy practice recommended for a person at risk for osteoporosis? a. Milk and orange juice at breakfast; cheese pizza at lunch; spaghetti served with spinach covered with melted cheese for dinner; and ice cream for dessert b. Long-term estrogen administration as adjunct therapy c. A bisphosphonate medication taken with a snack just before bedtime d. Coffee, raisin bran and milk, and sausage at breakfast; a can of cola and a hot dog on a high-fiber bun at lunch; cocktails before dinner; steak with brown rice, celery, and red wine for dinner

a. Milk and orange juice at breakfast; cheese pizza at lunch; spaghetti served with spinach covered with melted cheese for dinner; and ice cream for dessert

Which assessment is typical for a patient with osteoarthritis (OA)? a. Narrow joint spaces with crepitus b. Effects in symmetrical joints c. Morning stiffness for at least an hour d. Swelling from excess synovial fluid

a. Narrow joint spaces with crepitus

A nurse is involved in primary prevention activities related to the promotion of respiratory health. The nurse is involved in which of the following activities? (Select all that apply.) a. Organizing an influenza vaccination clinic b. Promoting a smoking cessation program in the community c. Referring individuals with respiratory disease to the pulmonology clinic at the hospital d. Visiting a congressman representative to advocate for legislation on clean air e. Teaching individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease measures to maximize lung function

a. Organizing an influenza vaccination clinic b. Promoting a smoking cessation program in the community d. Visiting a congressman representative to advocate for legislation on clean air

A nurse is teaching an older adult who is experiencing an acute attack of gout. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Rest the joint during the acute gout attack. b. Take ASA to relieve pain. c. Increase fluid intake to 2 L/day. d. Avoid foods high in purine. e. Avoid alcoholic beverages.

a. Rest the joint during the acute gout attack. c. Increase fluid intake to 2 L/day. d. Avoid foods high in purine. e. Avoid alcoholic beverages.

Hyperglycemia is harder to detect in older adults because of which of the following? a. There is a higher tolerance for elevated levels of circulating glucose in older adults. b. Older adults tend to metabolize glucose at a faster rate than younger adults. c. Fingerstick glucose monitoring is inaccurate in older adults. d. The classic signs of elevated glucose levels, polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia are rarely present in older adults.

a. There is a higher tolerance for elevated levels of circulating glucose in older adults.

The nurse should instruct a patient on which of the following modifiable risk factors for essential hypertension? (Select all that apply.) a. Tobacco use b. Alcohol c. Stress management d. Adequate rest

a. Tobacco use b. Alcohol c. Stress management

An older man with diabetes mellitus complains to the nurse that his feet feel like they are burning. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend to this older adult to reduce his discomfort? a. Wear well-fitting leather shoes. b. Wear knee-high nylon stockings. c. Soak his feet in warm water. d. Apply antifungal powder on his feet.

a. Wear well-fitting leather shoes

An older patient asks a nurse: "I went to my diabetes doctor and everything was stable. The nurse practitioner spent the entire time teaching me about decreasing my risks of heart disease. It seemed odd that she did not focus on teaching me how to better control my diabetes. Do you know why?" The nurse formulates a response based on the understanding that (Select all that apply.) a. promoting cardiovascular health has the potential to minimize the complications of diabetes. b. there is little evidence that demonstrates that the course of diabetes can be altered in an older adult. c. the benefits of better control of blood pressure and lipid levels are seen much quicker than the benefits of better glycemic control. d. older adults are less receptive to teaching about diabetes than they are to teaching about cardiovascular disease. e. diabetes is not a common chronic condition in older adults.

a. promoting cardiovascular health has the potential to minimize the complications of diabetes. c. the benefits of better control of blood pressure and lipid levels are seen much quicker than the benefits of better glycemic control.

A 77-year-old client being treated for glaucoma asks the nurse what causes glaucoma. The nurse bases the response on the knowledge that the increase in intraocular pressure is a result of a. the exact etiology of glaucoma is variable and often unknown. b. spasms of the orbicular muscle. c. changes to the suspensory ligaments, ciliary muscles, and parasympathetic nerves. d. bits of broken coalesced vitreous from the peripheral or central part of the retina.

a. the exact etiology of glaucoma is variable and often unknown.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse use when communicating with a hearing impaired older patient? a. Stand beside the patient's chair when speaking. b. Always clearly identify yourself and others with you. c. Exaggerate your voice, depending on the cause of the hearing loss. d. Select colors for paint, furniture, and pictures with rich intensity.

b. Always clearly identify yourself and others with you.

Which population groups are most at risk for developing macular degeneration? (Select all that apply.) a. African American b. Asian American c. Caucasian d. Hispanic

b. Asian American c. Caucasian

An older man who has tinnitus complains to the nurse that it is very annoying. Which should the nurse implement to alleviate the stress he is experiencing from tinnitus? a. Irrigate the bilateral eustachian tubes. b. Assess for modifiable risk factors. c. Propose a hearing aid and a masker. d. Use white noise to override the tinnitus.

b. Assess for modifiable risk factors.

Which conditions are likely to cause an older adult chronic pain? (Select all that apply.) a. Hip replacement b. Bone metastasis c. Hypoproteinemia d. Migraine headache e. Compression fracture f. Postherpetic neuralgia

b. Bone metastasis e. Compression fracture f. Postherpetic neuralgia

Which of the following is a true statement about heart disease in older adults? a. Myocardial infarction (MI) has many of the same symptoms in older patients as in middle-aged persons. b. Both excessive urination at night and decreased urination can be signs of heart failure (HF). c. Any exertion on the part of an older adult patient with heart disease can bring on another heart attack. d. A person with HF is likely to have trouble breathing, except when lying down.

b. Both excessive urination at night and decreased urination can be signs of heart failure (HF).

A new nurse in a long-term care facility is caring for a patient with Parkinson's disease (PD). The nurse should note which one of the following actions related to PD that is observed during the assessment? a. Tremors during sleep b. Cogwheel rigidity c. Frequent blinking d. Fast movements

b. Cogwheel rigidity

An older man comes to the emergency department after falling at home, and he reports that he cannot walk without losing his balance. Which steps should the nurse implement for this patient? a. Arrange to transfer him immediately to the radiology department. b. Determine symptom onset or when he fell at home. c. Organize the reperfusion recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) infusion. d. Perform a comprehensive neurological assessment.

b. Determine symptom onset or when he fell at home.

Which of the following statements is true about diabetes mellitus? a. Type 2 diabetes is the result of the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. b. Diabetes is diagnosed after two fasting plasma glucose readings over 125 mg/dL. c. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is another name for type 1 diabetes. d. The incidence of diabetes mellitus does not increase with age.

b. Diabetes is diagnosed after two fasting plasma glucose readings over 125 mg/dL.

The nurse teaches an older adult who has diabetes mellitus and takes metoprolol (Lopressor) to recognize clinical indicators of hypoglycemia. Which clinical indicators of hypoglycemia does the nurse include in patient teaching as the indicators this man is most likely to detect? (Select all that apply.) a. Shaking b. Dizziness c. Weakness d. Diaphoresis e. Tachycardia f. Impaired vision

b. Dizziness c. Weakness f. Impaired vision

Which of the following are common side effects of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the medications used to treat it? (Select all that apply.) a. Skin irritation b. Dyskinesias c. Dystonia d. Nausea

b. Dyskinesias c. Dystonia

The older adult who has type 2 diabetes mellitus has a sensory impairment and unstable blood sugar levels. Which of the following alterations in sensory function does the nurse address in the plan of care for stabilizing the blood sugar? a. Requires reading glasses at 2.0 strength b. Has difficulty hearing in crowded rooms c. Enjoys spicy food more than bland food d. Awakens with periodic left-foot numbness

b. Has difficulty hearing in crowded rooms

A nurse measures an older adult's blood pressure on the right arm and notes a reading of 150/100 mm Hg. The nurse waits 5 minutes and measures the blood pressure again in the right arm and obtains a reading of 152/100 mm Hg. What is the next action by the nurse? a. Immediately contact the medical provider. b. Measure the blood pressure in the left arm. c. Measure the blood pressure in sitting and standing positions. d. Document the findings in the medical record; elevated blood pressures are normal in older adults.

b. Measure the blood pressure in the left arm.

A nursing student is preparing a presentation on arthritis. The nursing student knows that differences between osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include (Select all that apply.) a. both OA and RA have an acute onset in older adults. b. OA is a localized process, but RA may be systemic. c. OA usually impacts distal interphalangeal joints, but RA impacts proximal interphalangeal joints. d. both OA and RA present with joint stiffness lasting 20 to 30 minutes after rest. e. initial treatment of both OA and RA is usually nonpharmacologic using heat or exercise.

b. OA is a localized process, but RA may be systemic. c. OA usually impacts distal interphalangeal joints, but RA impacts proximal interphalangeal joints.

An older adult with type 2 diabetes who is being treated with insulin wants to increase his activity level and begin a walking program. What recommendations should the nurse provide to this patient? a. A walking program is not recommended for an older adult with diabetes. b. The walking regimen needs to be done on a regularly scheduled basis. c. Regular exercise should not exceed 30 minutes three times a week. d. Insulin can most probably be discontinued if the individual adheres to the walking program.

b. The walking regimen needs to be done on a regularly scheduled basis.

Which of the following is used to treat the most common cause of impairment to an older person's hearing? a. Hearing aids b. Cochlear implants c. Ear canal irrigation d. Sign language

c. Ear canal irrigation

After completing an admission assessment on a patient who recently had a stroke, the nurse should choose which of the following nursing diagnoses as a priority? a. Risk for injury b. Altered thought process c. Altered cerebral perfusion d. Decreased mobility

c. Altered cerebral perfusion

The nurse notices that an older female nursing home resident is not eating and that her heart rate is faster than usual. Which should the nurse do to determine if pneumonia is a potential cause of the change in her status? a. Obtain a specimen for aerobic blood cultures. b. Promptly send the resident for a chest x-ray examination. c. Analyze sputum for color, texture, and volume. d. Compare tympanic temperature with the baseline.

c. Analyze sputum for color, texture, and volume.

After an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the nurse prepares an older adult for discharge to home. Which is the most important patient teaching for the nurse to include for the prevention of hospitalizations for exacerbations of COPD? a. Ease breathing by sitting upright. b. Use low-flow oxygen for dyspnea. c. Avoid sick people and wash hands. d. Eat nutrient- and calorie-dense foods.

c. Avoid sick people and wash hands.

An older man in a cardiac rehabilitation exercise class refuses to participate in the cool-down phase of the activity; consequently, 2 minutes later, he passes out but quickly regains consciousness. Which instruction does the nurse include in patient teaching to reinforce the importance of cooling down after exercising to this man? a. Cardiac output diminishes with age. b. Mobility capacity decreases with age. c. Baroreceptor function diminishes with age. d. Sensory perception diminishes with age.

c. Baroreceptor function diminishes with age.

When teaching a patient about foods that do not increase blood glucose, which should the nurse include? a. White bread b. Baked beans c. Broccoli d. Corn

c. Broccoli

Which of the following nursing interventions are suitable for a patient who has gout? a. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) b. Liquid paraffin hand baths c. Colchicine (Colsalide) by mouth d. Hyaluronic acid injections

c. Colchicine (Colsalide) by mouth

Which classic sign of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can be absent in an older man with an AMI? a. Vague complaints b. Epigastric burning c. Crushing chest pain d. Dyspnea and fatigue

c. Crushing chest pain

The nurse recognized which of the following as symptoms of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD)? (Select all that apply.) a. Rarely causes severe visual impairment b. Yellow deposits under the retina c. Decrease in central vision d. Visual distortion

c. Decrease in central vision d. Visual distortion

The nurse sees an older woman with osteoarthritis (OA) and a low-grade fever. The patient tells the nurse that her pain is changing; it is worse at night and in her shoulder muscles. Which of the following does the nurse perform to prevent complications of this patient's condition? a. Assess her joints for swelling and redness. b. Obtain blood specimens for blood cultures. c. Direct her to report temporal or scalp pain. d. Tell her to apply moist heat for 20 minutes.

c. Direct her to report temporal or scalp pain.

The nurse plans the care of an older female resident of a nursing home who has experienced a sudden deterioration in visual acuity. Which intervention should the nurse complete first? a. Prevent behavioral and social decline. b. Tell her to hold onto the rails during ambulation. c. Examine her mood and functional status. d. Use problem solving involving the resident.

c. Examine her mood and functional status.

An older nursing home resident reports that her hearing loss is getting worse. What is the first action of the nurse? a. Refer the resident for an evaluation for a hearing aid. b. Raise her voice in when speaking to the resident. c. Examine the resident's ears for cerumen impaction. d. Teach the resident to read lips.

c. Examine the resident's ears for cerumen impaction.

The nurse in a rehabilitation center is caring for a patient who has new-onset stroke with right-side hemiparesis. Which intervention should the nurse implement when caring for this patient? a. Orders a two-person assist with a transfer b. May need to incorporate repetition c. Gives the patient a dry erase board d. Raises all four side rails

c. Gives the patient a dry erase board

which laboratory results are goals for reducing a person's risk for diabetes and heart disease? a. Triglyceride value greater than 150 mg/dL b. Cholesterol value 250 mg/dL c. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level greater than 40 mg/dL d. Fasting blood glucose value less than 150 mg/dL

c. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level greater than 40 mg/dL

A nurse is caring for an older adult who is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The patient is prescribed oral medication for diabetes. The nurse can expect that which of the following medications is prescribed as a first line therapy? a. Insulin b. Sulfonureas c. Metformin d. Chlorpropamide

c. Metformin

The nurse identifies which risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA)? (Select all that apply.) a. Men b. African Americans c. Old age d. Steroid use

c. Old age d. Steroid use

Which of the following statements is true about rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? a. RA strikes unilaterally. b. RA affects more men than women. c. RA can affect body systems other than the joints. d. Morning stiffness in RA lasts less than 30 minutes.

c. RA can affect body systems other than the joints.

Which of the following is a true statement about osteoporosis (OA)? a. OA is indicative of an underlying health problem. b. The most common site for OA fractures is in long bones. c. African American women have the highest risk for OA. d. A high risk of death follows an OA-related fracture.

d. A high risk of death follows an OA-related fracture.

A home health nurse is completing an admission on a patient who recently experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA). During the assessment, the patient begins to complain of a severe headache and numbness in his left arm. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Instruct the patient to take Tylenol. b. Ask whether patient suffers from migraine headaches. c. Reschedule the visit. d. Call 9-1-1.

d. Call 9-1-1.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a stroke. The nurse is concerned the patient will develop contractures. Which intervention should the nurse implement? a. Use tennis shoes while in bed. b. Turn the patient onto the affected side, resting on the shoulder. c. Use paraffin wax for hand soaks. d. Conduct passive range-of-motion movements to the affected extremities.

d. Conduct passive range-of-motion movements to the affected extremities.

An older woman seeks advice from the nurse about preventing further bone loss after being diagnosed with osteopenia. To achieve the woman's goal, which of the following patient teachings should the nurse provide to enhance the activity of the osteoblasts? a. Limit sodium intake. b. Refrain from alcohol use. c. Eat high-fiber foods. d. Exercise with weights.

d. Exercise with weights.

Which of the following characteristics of RA are unlike those of osteoarthritis (OA)? a. Myalgia and stiffness b. Joint pain that is curable c. Crepitus and instability d. Systemic and symmetrical

d. Systemic and symmetrical

The exercise tolerance of an older adult is impaired after a myocardial infarction because of a low ejection fraction. Rank the following interventions that the nurse should use to assist this individual to restore baseline functional status in order of importance, beginning with the first intervention. a. Provide a well-balanced diet. b. Assist with range of motion. c. Sit in chair four times daily. d. Keep arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) above 95%.

d. Keep arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) above 95%. a. Provide a well-balanced diet. b. Assist with range of motion. c. Sit in chair four times daily.

Which of the following diseases affects the eyesight of an older adult by damaging the central part of the retina? a. Glaucoma b. Presbyopia c. Cataract d. Macular degeneration

d. Macular degeneration

Which of the following statements is true about cardiopulmonary disease in older adults? a. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be reversed with proper treatment. b. Chest radiographic studies are a reliable indicator of whether pneumonia is present in an older patient. c. Persons older than 65 years should receive Pneumovax annually. d. Mouth hygiene is essential to prevent and treat pneumonia.

d. Mouth hygiene is essential to prevent and treat pneumonia.

Which of the following statements is true about Parkinson's disease (PD)? a. Drinking large amounts of alcohol can relieve symptoms of essential tremor. b. Motor tremors and slow movement accompany severe cognitive impairment. c. Lewy body dementia (LBD) is the most common form of dementia. d. Older adults taking levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) must take it on an empty stomach.

d. Older adults taking levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) must take it on an empty stomach.

An older adult complains about experiencing dry eyes daily. Which of the following should the nurse assess to help determine the cause of the patient's complaint? a. Vitamin B deficiency b. Use of a humidifier at home c. History of diabetes mellitus d. Prescription antihistamine use

d. Prescription antihistamine use

After living with osteoporosis for 2 years, an older woman's bone density scan shows no improvement, despite consistent bisphosphonate therapy. Which intervention should the nurse implement to reduce bone loss for this older adult? a. Add Tai Chi or yoga exercises. b. Instruct her to drink fortified milk. c. Increase weight-bearing exercises. d. Review her daily nutritional habits.

d. Review her daily nutritional habits.

An older adult arrives at the emergency department with a probable diagnosis of a hemorrhagic stroke. The nurse understands, based on the patient's age, that the most likely cause is which one of the following? a. Intracranial hemorrhage b. Decreased cardiac output c. Thrombosis d. Uncontrolled hypertension

d. Uncontrolled hypertension

A medical illustration shows a man with the blunt end of a tuning fork pressed to the center of his forehead. The man is being tested for which of the following? a. Sensorineural hearing loss b. Presbycusis c. Tinnitus d. Unilateral conductive hearing loss

d. Unilateral conductive hearing loss

Which of the following is a true statement about heart disease in older men and women? a. More women than men die from MIs. b. Cardiac care for men and women is equally aggressive. c. Cardiac medications have been tested on men and women equally. d. Women generally receive less aggressive treatment than men do.

d. Women generally receive less aggressive treatment than men do.

An older patient is diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss. The nurse knows that causes of sensorineural hearing loss include (Select all that apply.) a. tumors of the middle ear. b. cerumen impaction. c. infections of the external and middle ear. d. age-related hearing impairment. e. excessive and loud noise.

d. age-related hearing impairment. e. excessive and loud noise.