Give Me Liberty! Ch 1, 2 & 3

During the Pueblo Revolt, what name was ordered to never be spoken again?

Mary

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

Mayflower Compact; trial of Anne Hutchinson; Half-Way Covenant

Who were the Peninsulares?

Persons of European birth

The English "enclosure" movement of the 1500s and 1600s forced small farmers off "commons" land so that the land could be taken up by:

Sheep

In which country did the reconquista occur?

Spain

Which European countries did have a colonial presence in seventeenth-century North America?

Spain, France, and The Netherlands

Who was the English-speaking American Indian the Pilgrims encountered at Plymouth Bay in 1620?

Squanto

Which of the following was NOT a central theme of Puritan thought?

The quest for material prosperity is a sign of moral corruption.

What was a characteristic or action of the Pueblo Indians of the Southwest?

They diverted the Colorado River as part of their ritualistic ancestor worship.

Which of the following crops did John Rolfe introduce to the English colonies?

Tobacco

Anne Hutchinson offended colonial leaders and was banished from Massachusetts because she claimed God spoke directly to her.

True

Anne Hutchinson scandalized Massachusetts's authorities both for her unorthodox religious ideas and for her "unwomanly" engagement in public issues.

True

At the end of their period of indenture, indentured servants were often given "freedom dues" and became free members of society.

True

Because Jamestown was settled next to a malarial swamp, many settlers died.

True

Colonial Massachusetts was organized into self-governing towns.

True

Harvard College was principally founded to educate young men into the ministry.

True

Which European countries did not have a colonial presence in seventeenth-century North America?

Germany

In the religious view of the Puritans, you would get to heaven if:

God predestined you to heaven or hell; no earthly act could change that.

What means did Cortez use when he conquered the Aztecs?

He was aided by thousands of Native Americans, He relied on superior military technology such as iron weapons and gun powder, He was aided by a smallpox epidemic that killed many Aztecs.

What was expressed by Bartolome de Las Casas in A Very Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indes in 1552?

He wrote that Spanish Catholics burned Native American children alive; He asserted that Indians should be able to keep their land; He suggested that African slaves be imported into the Americas; He described how the Spanish made forced laborers of Indians of all ages.

The expansion of tobacco cultivation in the early 1600s led to an increase in demand for which of the following labor groups?

Indentured servants

In the 1600s, nearly two-thirds of English settlers came as indentured servants.

True

Indentures usually bound indentured servants for periods of from five to seven years.

True

John Rolfe married Powhatan's Daughter. It's Pocahontas

True

Most New England colonists sided with Parliament during the English Civil War.

True

Most immigrants to America from England in the 1600s were poor, young, single men

True

Roger Williams was banished from Massachusetts for advocating freedom of individual conscience and religious choice.

True

Seventeenth-century Maryland stood out for its system of absolute rule, but also for its practice of religious toleration.

True

T or F? Approximately 10 million men, women, and children came from the Old World to the New World between 1492 and 1820.

True

T or F? Most Indian tribes were matrilineal.

True

T or F? Spanish settlers in the New World comprised a mix of laborers, soldiers, priests, bureaucrats, craftsmen, and professionals.

True

T or F? The reconquista was the reconquest of Spain from the Moors.

True

The "Rights of Englishmen" were established in the Magna Carta.

True

The first Thanksgiving celebrated the Pilgrim's survival and a successful harvest.

True

The typical seventeenth-century woman in New England gave birth seven times.

True

True or False? To justify their colonial ventures, Spain invoked the threat of Protestantism.

True

Under the headright system, anyone who brought in a sizable number of servants would immediately acquire a large estate.

True

The Half-Way Covenant applied to whom?

grandchildren of the English Great Migration

Among the problems facing the early settlers of Jamestown colony were:

high rates of death and disease.

The main lure for the majority of migrants from England to the New World was:

land ownership

Who were the mestizos?

persons of mixed Spanish and Indian origin

What were significant motivations behind European coloniza-tion in the New World?

the acquisition of profitable lands and precious metals; the attainment of national glory;the religious and cultural uplift of "barbaric" peoples.

Which of the following was NOT a significant trend of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century English society?

the elimination of gender hierarchies

In 1600s Virginia, a femme sole could do all of the following except:

vote.

Having fled religious intolerance in England, the Puritans in Massachusetts:

were intolerant of persons who disagreed with their version of Christianity.

At the time of first contact between Europeans and Native Americans, Native Americans had not developed

wheeled transportation

In 1585, the English attempted to establish Jamestown in North America.

False

The Half-Way Covenant (1662) held that believers in the divine right of kings were good.

False

Which was not a characteristic of Roger Williams's Rhode Island colony?

It required citizens to attend church.

The oldest site in the present-day United States to be continuously inhabited by Europeans is

St. Augustine, FL

What were some features of Native American civilization prior to the voyages of Columbus?

The Aztec and Inca empires were based in modern-day Mexico and Peru, re-spectively; Agricultural, settled societies originated in modern-day Mexico approximately 9,000 years ago; All were descended from hunters who had crossed the Bering Straits during the Ice Age.

In 1619, the first elected assembly in colonial America was:

The House of Burgesses in Virinia

Which of the following did NOT happen in the 1630s?

The House of Burgesses was established

What were characteristics of American Indians?

They arrived in the Americas as early as 60,000 to 15,000 years ago; Agriculture emerged in Mexico and the Andes about the same time it was in-vented in ancient Mesopotamia, about 9,000 years ago; There were no large domesticable animals for use as livestock or to pull plows in the Americas.

Colonial Virginia's economic substitute for gold was:

Tobacco

England's ongoing struggle to subdue Ireland delayed its entry into New World colonization.

True

In Puritan New England, a husband's authority in his house was nearly absolute; genuine freedom for a woman was understood to come from her subjection to her husband's will and desires.

True

T or F? At the time of first contact with the Europeans, perhaps 12 million people lived in the Inca kingdom.

True

T or F? Colonial America was a hierarchical society in which some European colonists were indentured servants, Indians were held in forced labor, and Africans were slaves.

True

T or F? During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, all European nations had established churches, and religious wars between nations (and sometimes within them) were fierce.

True

T or F? Horses, cows, pigs, and sheep were unknown to the Americas until Europeans brought them there.

True

T or F? Perhaps 80 million Native Americans died in the century and a half following first contact in consequence of diseases carried by Europeans.

True

T or F? Small-scale slavery in which Indians enslaved other Indians existed in Indian society.

True

T or F? The trans-Atlantic voyages of Columbus were sponsored by Spain, which had just achieved its own territorial unification.

True

The Mayflower Compact of 1620 asserted that:

just and equal laws made by male representatives onboard were to rule.

The freedom of a Christian man or woman meant/means?

subservience, submission, and servitude to God.

T or F? Africans enslaved other Africans long before the arrival of European traders.

true

T or F? On the eve of colonization of the Americas, freedom in Europe was framed in hierarchical, top-down terms, with each level of society enjoying its own degree of freedom.

true

In Puritan Massachusetts, "visible saint" was a term used to describe people of outstanding kindness and generosity.

False

In the 1600s in Massachusetts, full church membership was not required to vote in colony-wide elections.

False

Intermarriage between Indians and English settlers was common.

False

Most migrants to seventeenth-century New England came out of the poorer reaches of English society.

False

New England quickly developed into a land of large plantations and landless servants.

False

Ordinary settlers in Puritan Massachusetts were called "gentlemen" and "ladies" or "master" and "mistress."

False

Slavery was never allowed in the devoutly Christian colony of Massachusetts.

False

Early New Englanders established trade relations with local Indians; early Virginians did not.

False

The reconquista happened in

1492

The first African slaves were transported to the New World in what year?

1502

What were features of Native American civilization prior to the voyages of Columbus?

All were descended from hunters who had crossed the Bering Straits during the Ice Age; Agricultural, settled societies originated in modern-day Mexico approximately 9,000 years ago; The Aztec and Inca empires were based in modern-day Mexico and Peru, re-spectively.

Prior to 1800, the largest settled community in what is now the United States was

Cahokia

Cecilius Calvert envisioned Maryland as a refuge for:

Catholics

In European exploration, conquest, and colonization of the New World after 1492

Europeans imagined the Americas as a place of golden cities and fountains of youth; Africans were enslaved and treated with great cruelty; millions of Indians died from diseases brought by the Europeans.

All Pilgrims were Puritans.

False

Because Puritan Massachusetts was deeply religious, ministers were frequently elected to colonial offices.

False

A key motivation behind early English settlement in the American colonies was: (3 answers)

acquisition of land, and thus a measure of personal independence, escape from the material and spiritual corruptions of England, the profits to be made in transatlantic commerce

A significant outcome of the Portuguese arrival in West Africa was?

an expansion of Africa's internal slave trade.

Which crops did form the basis of Native American agriculture?

beans, corn, and squash

Which of the following was not a significant outcome of the start of Chesapeake tobacco cultivation?

campaigns to discourage migration by English women, who, it was feared, would distract male Virginians from their work in the fields

Cortés's conquest of the Aztecs; Las Casas's Destruction of the In-dies; Spanish abolition of Indian enslavement

chronological order of events

Which of the following was not a characteristic of early New England society?

equality of the sexes in church affairs, but not in government affairs

What were some characteristics of "coverture"?

In marriage a wife surrendered her legal identity; A wife could not sign contracts in her own name; If a wife worked, she did not control her wages; A wife could not write a separate will.

Which of the following was NOT a significant feature of indentured servitude in seventeenth-century Virginia?

Indentured servants never comprised more than a small percentage of Virginians, the great majority of whom arrived either as free settlers or slaves.

In the 1500s and 1600s, the Spanish in Central and South America relied on many of what group to work fields and mines?

Indians

The First permanent Enlisg settlement in the area now known as the United States was at:

Jamestown, Virginia

What were prominent cultural beliefs among Indian societies of North America?

Land was there for the use of the tribe as a whole, not for the enrichment of individuals; piritual power resided in all aspects of the natural world; Hunting and fishing were for men; farming was largely for women.

What were achievements of the Indians of North America in the thousands of years before Columbus's arrival?

People built a series of giant semi-circular mounds in present-day Louisiana; Near present-day St. Louis, 10,000 or more people built giant earthen mounds; In the Ohio River Valley, Indians built large earthen burial mounds.

Who was the most prominent Native American leader in the original area of English settlement in Virginia?

Powhatan

T or F? When Columbus first sailed to America in 1492, Christian Europe was entirely Catholic; twenty-five years later, following Martin Luther's 95 Theses, the Protestant Reformation had begun, and Europe was thrown into more than a hundred years of Christian religious wars.

True

What crop did not form the basis of Native American agriculture?

Wheat

A "visible saint" was the term Puritans used to describe:

a person who had experienced divine grace, often during a lightning storm.