GML Chapter 23
How did the United States respond to Joseph Stalin's blockade around Berlin? a. Truman ordered that supplies be brought to Berlin via an airlift. b. Truman ignored it. c. Truman put American forces on high alert and threatened Atomic warfare if the blockade was not lifted. d. American forces forced their way through the road blockade with a caravan of armored tanks.
A
Joe McCarthy announced that he had a list of 205 communists who worked for the: a. State Department b. Department of Justice c. Federal Bureau of Investigations d. Central Intelligence Agency
A
Operation Dixie was: a. the postwar union campaign in the South. b. an effort to increase black suffrage. c. the mass return of African-Americans to the South after World War II. d. the congressional effort to outlaw lynching.
A
The impact of the Cold War on American culture was: a. especially evident in movies b. limited in scope c. widely criticized by news media d. mostly felt in the cities.
A
According to the policy of containment, as laid out by George Kennan: a. the Soviets could have a free hand in international affairs. b. the United States was committed to preventing the spread of communism c. the United States accepted the right of communism to exist in the Eastern Hemisphere. d. the United States allowed the newly liberated African nations to determine their own political futures.
B
Jackie Robinson: a. was president of the NAACP. b. broke the color barrier in Major League baseball. c. took his case all the way to the Supreme Court. d. set the world record for the 100-meter dash.
B
NSC-68: a. was directed at communist China. b. called for a massive increase in U.S. military forces. c. was only suggested and never implemented. d. addressed the threat of communism at home.
B
Organized labor emerged as: a. a vocal critic of McCarthyism. b. a major supporter of the foreign policy of the Cold War. c. a militant group willing to fight against the Red Scare. d. the best informats for the FBI and HUAC.
B
The Dixiecrats: a. opposed segregation in the South. b. opposed desegregation in the South. c. were led by Hubert Humphrey. d. dominated the Democratic Party in 1948.
B
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: a. was immediately ratified by Congress. b. included freedom of speech and religion. c. did not address economic rights. d. was proposed by President Truman.
B
What civil rights measure was enacted during Truman's administration? a. Federal law against lynching. b. Desegregation of the armed forces. c. federal law against poll taxes. d. protection for equal access to jobs and education.
B
What set a precedent for American assistance to anticommunist regimes througout the world, no matter how undemocratic? a. The Marshall Plan b. The Truman Doctrine c. The Eisenhower Plan d. NSC-68
B
Which long-held U.S. territory was granted independence in 1946? a. Puerto Rico b. Philippines c. Guam d. Samoa
B
Who did the States' Rights Party nominate for President in 1948? a. George Wallace b. Strom Thurmond c. Thomas Dewey d. Joe McCarthy
B
In June 1948, when the United States, Britain, and France introduced a separate currency in their zones of control in the city of Berlin, the Soviet Union responded with
Berlin blockade
In 1948, Eleanor Roosevelt chaired a committee to draft: a. GI Bill of Rights b. Declaration of the Rights of Man c. Universal Declaration of Human Rights d. Civil Rights Act
C
Joseph McCarthy's downfall came as a result of: a. his speech in Wheeling, West Virginia. b. his hearings on the Defense Department. c. televised hearings involving the army. d. the release of his fabricated war record.
C
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg: a. received a fair trial and sentence. b. were found innocent and soon released. c. were executed after a questionable trial. d. were deported to the Soviet Union.
C
The Korean War: a. was a decisive victory for the United States. b. demonstrated the strength of the United Nations. c. ended in a stalemate. d. highlighted the limited nature of the Cold War
C
What reason did the Hollywood Ten give for not cooperating with the HUAC hearings? a. They were all communists and didn't want to indict themselves. b. Ronald Reagan had threatened that they would lose their jobs if they cooperated. c. They felt the hearings were a violation of their First Amendment rights. d. As Republicans, they were insulted that their loyalty was being questioned.
C
During much of the Cold War, this agency funded the Museum of Modern Art in New York
Central Intelligence Agency
Which of the following was not a contributing factor behind the rise of the Cold War?
Churchill's call for the construction of a great wall between East and West Germany
All of the following statements about the Cold War's impact on American life are true EXCEPT: a. the Cold War reshaped immigration policy. b. Cold War policy supported scientific research in medicine and computers. c. the Cold War contributed to the dismantling of segregation. d. the Cold War military spending weakened the economy.
D
Joseph McCarthy: a. had the full support of the Senate during his anticommunist crusade. b. successfully uncovered the communist infiltration of the federal government. c. was hailed as an American hero for his fight against communism. d. was an embarrassment to his party by 1954.
D
The Truman Doctrine a. advocated a return to isolationism. b. was an alliance between Great Britain and the United States. c. committed the United States to fighting communism in Asia. d. committed the United States to fighting communism anywhere.
D
The United Nations committee that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was led by
Eleanor Roosevelt.
Who was the person who sent the Long Telegram from Moscow in 1946 that lay the foundation for what became known as the policy of "containment"?
George F. Kennan
Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?
George Kennan's Long Telegram; unveiling of Truman Doctrine; start of Korean War; founding of Warsaw Pact
This person assumed the presidency after Roosevelt's death in April 1945.
Harry S. Truman
In the context of postwar Civil Rights, what major-league baseball player joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947 and by so doing challenged the longstanding exclusion of black players from major-league baseball?
Jackie Robinson
In the context of postwar civil rights, what baseball player joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947, challenging the longstanding exclusion of black players from Major League Baseball?
Jackie Robinson
Who was the U.S. senator from Wisconsin who announced in February 1950 that he had a list of Communists working for the State Department, and whose name later entered the political vocabulary as shorthand for character assassination, guilt by association, and abuse of power in the name of anticommunism?
Joseph R. McCarthy
In 1951, a jury convicted this couple of conspiracy to pass secrets concerning the atomic bomb to Soviet agents during World War II.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
The first hot war of the Cold War, beginning in June 1950, took place in
Korea.
This legislation authorized the deportation of immigrants identified as communists, even if they had become citizens.
McCarran-Walter Act of 1952
At the nationally televised Army-McCarthy hearings in 1954, it was revealed that
McCarthy was a bully who browbeat witnesses and made sweeping accusations with no basis in fact.
The 1950 National Security Council manifesto that called for a permanent military build-up to enable the United States to pursue a global crusade against communism, describing the Cold War as an epic struggle between "the idea of freedom" and the "idea of slavery under the grim oligarchy of the Kremlin" was known as
NSC-68
The young California congressman who first gained national prominence through his membership on the House Un-American Activities Committee was
Nixon
The Cold War suddenly turned hot in June 1950 in these regions.
North Korea and South Korea
What was the name of the AFL and CIO campaign to bring unionization to the South, by which more than 200 labor organizations entered the region in an effort to organize workers?
Operation Dixie
What was the name of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) campaign to bring unionization to the South, by which more than 200 labor organizations entered the region in an effort to organize workers?
Operation Dixie
Which two were outspoken critics of the domestic anticommunist crusade?
Paul Robeson and W. E. B. Du Bois
Two outspoken critics of the domestic anticommunist crusade were
Paul Robeson and W. E. B. Du Bois.
Which is not true of the Korean War (1950-1953)?
President Truman acknowledged and accepted General MacArthur's push toward the Chinese border and his threat to use nuclear weapons against the Chinese.
President Harry S. Truman's program that focused on improving the social safety net and raising the standard of living of ordinary Americans—calling on Congress to increase the middle wage, enact a program of national health insurance, and expand public housing, social security, and aid to education—was called the
The Fair Deal
The June 1947 U.S. foreign-policy initiative that envisioned a New Deal for Europe, and pledged billions of dollars to finance European economic recovery was called
The Marshall Plan
Which was not a development of 1949?
The Soviets formalized their own eastern European alliance, the Warsaw Pact.
Which of the following was not a step toward racial equality in postwar America?
The defeat of Operation Dixie
While there were four main competitors for the office of the presidency in 1948, Truman's main rival was
Thomas A. Dewey.
The 1948 United Nations-approved document that called for a range of rights to be enjoyed by people everywhere, including freedom of speech and religion and social and economic entitlements, including the right to an adequate standard of living and access to adequate housing, education, and medical care was called the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
42. Which of the following is true of the Berlin Blockade in 1948?
XXXa. America's response to the Russian blockade of West Berlin was to turn that sector of the city over to the Soviets in return for maintaining control of West Germany.
47. In explaining the Korean War, which of the following events is INACCURATE?
XXXb. American forces took control of most of North Korea by September of 1950 and were poised to reunite the country under a pro-American government when Chinese communist troops entered the war on the side of North Korea and drove American forces back
65. All of the following statements are true concerning Joseph McCarthy, EXCEPT:
XXXb. Sen. McCarthy had come to the Senate with a distinguished war record for his service during WWII and was well-connected in military circles.
53. All of the following statements are true of the Fair Deal, EXCEPT:
XXXc. The Fair Deal included a provision to increase the minimum wage.
62. From what you have read earlier in the course and in this chapter, you can deduce that U.S. society in the 1950s shared one of the following features with the society of the 1920s.
a. A weak economy
63. All of the following statements about the Cold War's impact on American life are true, EXCEPT:
a. Cold War military spending weakened the economy.
39. In order to further the containment policy, the U.S. established all of the following, EXCEPT:
a. The Iron Curtain
40. The Marshall Plan can be described by all of the following statements, EXCEPT:
a. The Marshall Plan freed Eastern Europe from Soviet domination.
57. How did the NAACP manage to change the political landscape in the South between 1940 and 1952?
a. The NAACP's voter registration drive increased the number of Southern black registered voters sevenfold.
48. The impact of the Cold War on American culture was
a. especially evident in the movies
70. Truman's Fair Deal program
a. had the strong support of Congress and the public.
55. The Taft-Hartley Act
a. legalized sympathy strikes and gave federal protection for the concept of the "closed shop."
The Truman Doctrine in March 1947
asserted that the United States, as the leader of the "free world," must take up responsibility for supporting "freedom-loving peoples" wherever communism threatened them.
The Truman Doctrine, in March 1947,
asserted that the United States, as the leader of the "free world," must take up responsibility for supporting "freedom-loving peoples" wherever communism threatened them.
44. All of the following are enactments of the policy of containment EXCEPT:
b. The Warsaw Pact
68. During the Cold War, organized labor emerged as
b. a major supporter of U.S. foreign policy.
46. NSC-68 called for
b. a permanent military buildup and a global application of containment.
52. When World War II ended
b. demobilization proceeded quickly, reducing the military by 75 percent in a year.
60. The Dixiecrats was the name given to southern delegates to the Democratic National Convention who
b. opposed desegregation in the South.
37. Why were American diplomats particularly dismayed that the Soviets had installed a procommunist government in Poland in 1945?
c. Stalin had promised Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt at Yalta that he would allow a democratic government in Poland.
51. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights can be described by all of the following statements, EXCEPT:
c. The Declaration of Human Rights was immediately ratified by Congress and was honored by the U.S. and surprisingly by the Soviet Union as well.
43. Why did France and other Europeans understand NATO as a form of double containment?
c. The pact would guard them against Soviet aggression as well as against the resurgence of a powerful Germany.
58. Jackie Robinson
c. broke the color barrier in major league baseball.
49. To wage the cultural Cold War, the Central Intelligence Agency and Defense Department
c. funded artistic publications, concerts, performances, and exhibits.
45. In 1949, Mao Zedong
c. led a successful communist revolution in China.
38. The containment policy and the Truman Doctrine
c. supported pro-Western, anti-communist forces around the world.
56. Pres. Truman's civil rights plan called for all of the following, EXCEPT:
d. Reparations
35. After WWII,
d. all of these
41. Concerning post-war Japan, which of the following is TRUE?
d. all of these
54. After the Second World War,
d. all of these
59. In the area of civil rights, in the late 1940s
d. all of these
61. In the election of 1948,
d. all of these
67. The McCarran-Walter Act
d. authorized the deportation of communists, including naturalized citizens.
50. The McCarran Internal Security Act
d. barred "totalitarians" from entering the United States.
66. In "Who Is Loyal to America?" Henry Steele Commager
d. favored the new meaning given to loyalty: conformity.
69. Civil rights organizations
d. saw no connection between the plight of African Americans and the Cold War.
36. The first confrontation of the Cold War took place in
d. the Middle East, when Soviet troops occupied northern Iran seeking access to oil fields.
In 1949, the containment policy suffered a major setback in the form of the
loss of China to communism
"Containment," in the context of post-World War II international diplomacy, referred to the policy by which the United States committed itself to
preventing any further expansion of Soviet power.`
In 1949, the containment policy suffered a major setback in the form of
the "loss" of China to communism.
President Harry S. Truman's program that focused on improving the social safety net and raising the standard of living of ordinary Americans—calling on Congress to increase the middle wage, enact a program of national health insurance, and expand public housing, Social Security, and aid to education—was
the Fair Deal.
The House Un-American Activities Committee charged these people with contempt of Congress, serving jail terms of six months to a year.
the Hollywood Ten
The June 1947 United States foreign policy initiative that envisioned a New Deal for Europe, and pledged billions of dollars to finance European economic recovery was
the Marshall Plan.
What was the 1947 law that sought to reverse gains made by organized labor in the preceding decade, and authorized the president to suspend strikes by ordering an eighty-day cooling-off period, banned sympathy strikes and secondary boycotts, outlawed the closed shop, and authorized states to pass "right to work" laws?
the Taft-Hartley Act
The Marshall Plan, proposed by Secretary of State George C. Marshall, suggested
the United States should contribute billions of dollars to finance the economic recovery of Europe.
The 1948 United Nations-approved document that called for a range of rights to be enjoyed by people everywhere, including freedom of speech and religion, as well as social and economic entitlements, including the right to an adequate standard of living, access to adequate housing, education, and medical care was called
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
George Kennan was
the originator of the containment policy
"Containment" in the context of post-World War II international diplomacy on the part of the United States referred to
the policy by which the United States committed itself to preventing any further expansion of Soviet power.
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947
withdrew bargaining rights and legal protection form unions whose leaders failed to swear that they were not communists.