GNRS 588 Final
What is thrombus formation?
Hypercoagulability, injury to the vascular endothelium, and venous stasis place the patient at risk for this problem seen in critical care.
What are hemodialysis complications?
Hypotension and hypothermia are potential complications in this procedure performed on pts w/ renal failure
Complication of diabetes insipidus?
Hypovolemic shock is a major complication of this endocrine disorder in which ADH production is shut down.
What is bundles?
ICU care that prevents central line associated bloodstream infections, prevents ventilator associated pneumonia, and treats severe sepsis.
What is status asthmaticus?
Life-threatening episode of airway obstruction that is unresponsive to common treatment. You know resp failure is imminent in a pt w/ underlying condition with these s/s: only able to speak in 1 or 2 words, pt is drowsy, cannot lie supine, breath sounds are diminished.
What is magnesium sulfate?
Med use to treat torsades de pointes and status asthmaticus. It is also indicated when its serum value gets below 1.
Hypokalemia is a complication of treating this endocrine emergency?
DKA
What is erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency?
Deficiency of this key glyocoprotein (needed for RBC production) is seen in pts w/ chronic renal disease
What do you do if the pt is in ventricular tachycardia?
Synchronized cardioversion at 50-100 joules is indicated for this wide-complex rhythm when the pt has a pulse and is symptomatic.
What is RSI?
Titled with an abbreviation administration of etomidate and succinylcholine result in sedation and paralysis for this life saving procedure.
What are complications of PCI?
bleeding at the insertion site, absent pulse in the right lower extremity, reocclusion of the culprit coronary artery are complication of this.
What is albuterol?
inhaled B2 agonist Bronchodilation is the desired goal in administration of this medication, frequently administered to asthmatics.
What is atrial fibrillation?
irregular, no p-wave, and has a variable rate
Findings in cardiac tamponade?
muffled heart sounds, JVD, and tachycardia describe this life-threatening condition
What are some signs of hypocalcemia?
muscle cramps, hyperreflexia, irritability, and a prolonged QT interval are all signs of this electrolyte abnormality as seen in acute pancreatitis.
What is flail chest?
paradoxical chest movement is seen in this traumatic injury.
What is a classic finding in flash pulmonary edema?
pink frothy sputum
s/s of diabetic ketoacidosis
polyuria, signs of dehydration, altered LOC, kussmaul's breathing, tachycardia and possible hypotension
What is the liver responsible for?
producing blood clotting factors
What is septic shock?
A dysregulated inflammatory response is the hallmark of this type of shock.
S/S of left sided heart failure
- dyspnea - SOB - orthopnea - low urine output
What is sinus bradycardia?
<60 bpm This rhythm has p-waves with every QRS. A symptomatic pt would be initially treated with atropine 0.5mg IV push.
What is ICP?
A normal value for this measurement in 5-15. A normal reading after head trauma can indicate a good prognosis.
Name this cardiac arrhythmia?
A-flutter
What is Cullen's and/or Grey Turners sign?
Acute pancreatitis can sometimes cause hemorrhage of the pancreas and manifestation of this classic sign.
What is ADH?
Anti-diuretic hormone - This endocrine hormone is responsible for increased H20 absorption at the distal convoluted tubule.
What is heparin?
Anticoagulant This drug inactivates thrombin and is commonly use in DVT prophylaxis.
What is 10%?
Any pt with a TBSA of greater than this % will be referred to a burn center
What is central venous pressure (CVP)?
Frequently monitored in the ICU as a surrogate to determine fluid volume status. A standard central line is needed to monitor it.
What is TPA?
Given in STEMI when PCI is not available. Bleeding is a significant complication.
What is ST elevation on the ECG ?
It represents acute injury to the cardiac muscle
What are interventions for esophageal varices and/or portal HTN?
Portal venous pressure reduction, assessment for alcohol withdrawal, and administration of vasopressin 0.2 units/min are all nursing intervention associated with this condition.
What is securing the patients airway?
Priority in the initial assessment and resuscitation of the burn pt is this.
What is anaphylactic shock?
Severe allergic reaction Best tx for this is prevention and education. When it does occur, 2 typical meds are used: epinephrine and benadryl
What is rhabdomyolysis?
Severe electrical burns cause this acute disease process, and renal failure often follow if not medically managed with aggressive volume administration
What is cardiogenic shock?
Shock caused by the instability of the heart to pump blood forwards to the body
What is neurogenic shock?
Spinal cord injury can lead to this form of vasodilatory shock
What is SIADH?
The hallmarks of this endocrine disorder are hyponatremia, decreased serum osmolality and increase urine osmolality due to the retention of too much H20
What is infection?
The leading cause of death in burn pts
What is the length of the aortic aneurysm?
The measurement determines the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture.
What is LOC?
The most sensitive indicator of an increase in intracranial pressure.
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale?
The overarching goal of this neuro assessment is to check the pts LOC.
What is restore circulating volume?
The primary initial objective of tx for the pt w/ hypovolemic shock
What is compensated respiratory acidosis?
The pt has COPD and has this blood gas representative of this metabolic state. Ph of 7.35, a CO2 of 58, and HCO3 of 30.
What are pre-renal, intra-renal, and post-renal?
These are the locations of acute renal failure and/or acute kidney injury (AKI)
What are invasive lines?
These should be considered for removal each day
What is compartment syndrome?
This acute disease process is common in pts w/ extremity fractures and monitored w/frequent neurovascular checks. It is assessed by using the the 5Ps (pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulselessness, paralysis)
What is sepsis?
This causes almost half of the cases of AKI in the critically ill.
What is a benzodiazepine?
This class of med can cause resp depression, hypotension, and can worsen delirium and is not recommended for long-term sedation in the ICU.
What are s/s of Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?
This condition causes an altered LOC, a decreased resp rate, and hypotension. unlike DKA has no associated production of ketone bodies.
What is decerebrate posturing?
This form of posturing is representative of brainstem involvement and has a poor prognostic indication.
What is endotracheal tube suctioning?
This is common nursing intervention should only be performed when appropriately indicated. While performing this procedure you notice the pt develop bradycardia. You stop and hyperoxygenate the pt.
What is LR?
This is the recommended fluid for pts in the initial phase of burn tx
What is torsades de pointes?
This lethal rhythm is a type of v-tach and is treated with IV magnesium.
What is metformin?
This med should be held 24hrs before and 48hrs after PCI. This med can worsen renal function if these measure are not taken.
What is a portacaval shunt?
This surgical procedure helps decrease portal venous pressure ultimately reducing the chance of bleeding of the esophageal varices.
What is V-tach?
Ventricular tachycardia; a fast heart beat. you call for help and start CPR. Defibrillation is indicated as soon as possible.
What supraventricular tachycardia?
You administer adenosine 6mg with an IV flush and observe the monitor for conversion of this rhythm.
What is Cushing's triad?
hypertension bradycardia irregular respirations usually seen in the pt nearing brain herniation
What can develop in renal failure?
hypocalcemia and hyperphospatemia
