Government Chapter 3

What was heard from some 20,000 protestors, many of them women, in October 1932 as they demanded repeal of the 18th Amendment?

"We want beer."

The US Constitution contains about how many words?

4,300

Which Amendment protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment?

8th Amendment

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which theorist's belief that government is based on the "consent of the governed"?

John Locke

The framers of the Constitution intended what to be the strongest branch(es) of government?

Congress

The American colonists' first claims to the rights of "life, liberty, and property" date back to the

First Continental Congress

What amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?

Fourth

The federalist papers were written by

Hamilton, Jay, Madison

The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the constitution in

Marbury v. Madison

If a state's drinking laws allowed 18 year-olds to drink alcoholic beverages in violation of the federal government's age requirement of 21, the federal government's age restriction would supersede the state's law based on

Supremacy Clause

Which document proclaimed,"Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction,and right, which is not ... expressly delegated to the US?

The Articles of Confederation

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

checks and balances

Under the Constitution, the slave trade

could be ended after 20 years.

Congress exercises a potentioal check on the judicial branch through its constitutional power to

create or eliminate lower federal courts.

Shay's Rebellion consisted of

farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for debts and taxes owed.

Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

for life

The three-fifths formula that was used in regard to representation in the House

had been used in 1783 under the Articles to allocate government costs among the states.

The punishment for losing the revolutionary war, for the signers of the declaration would have been

hanging and drawing and quartering

The key principle argued is the case Marbury v. Madison was

judicial review

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

legislative branch

The "unalienable rights" identified by the Declaration of Independence are

life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

Before it could take effect, the constitution had to be ratified by how many states?

nine

The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by

not mentioning it directly

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it.

Republicanism is a form of government in which power

resides in the people and is exercised by their elected representatives.

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

revise the Articles of Confederation.

The idea that the people agree to establish rulers for certain purposes, but they have the right to resist or remove rulers who violate those purposes, is known as

social contract theory

A greater percentage of the United Sates population died or was wounded during the Revolution than in any other U.S. conflict except

the Civil War

Which of the following statements concerning the framers of the constitution is correct?

They believed "experience must be out only guide, reason may mislead us."

According to text, "it is hard to imagine a government framework better suited [than the constitution] to

the Pluralist Model

A group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention proposed a powerful national government to replace the weak confederation of states. This was known as the

Virginia Plan

The main argument against the need for a bill of rights was that

the constitution established a government of limited powers; because the government was no given the power to regulate individual liberties, no bill of rights was necessary.

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states

A key component of the Virginia Plan was

a strong national legislature

Antifederalists attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that

the national government it created was too strong

According to Madison in Federalist No. 10, the most common and durable source of factions has been

unequal distribution of property

Federalism, or the division of power between a national government and regional units, stands in contrast to

unitary government

The primary goal of Federalist No. 10 was to demonstrate that the new government

would not fall under the dominance of any one faction.

The primary contribution of the federalist paper is

their insight into the reasons for constitutional provisions.

What factors contributed to the British loss during the Revolution?

-America was too large a country to subdue without total military rule. -Britain had to transport men and supplies across the Atlantic.

The Articles of Confederation failed because

1. They didn't provide an effective means for the government to raise money. 2. They didn't include an independent leader to direct the government. 3. They didn't give the government the power to regulate commerce.

According to the first national census, in 1790, about how many percent of the American population lived in slavery

18 percent

The Great Compromise provided for

A two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and population-based representation in the other.

The power of congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?

Implied

Which document proclaimed, "we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights"?

The Deceleration of Independence

When compared with the US Constitution, most American state constitutions

are longer and more detailed