Government Quiz Chp. 3

"____________" was heard from some 20,000 protesters, many of them women, in October of 1932 as they demanded repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment.

"We want beer"

Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by ___ states.

9

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which theorist's belief that government is based on the "consent of the governed"?

John Locke

The framers of the Constitution intended ___________ to be the strongest branch(es) of government.

Congress

The __________ guaranteed citizenship to all persons, including blacks.

Fourteenth Amendment

The __________ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Fourth

The Federalist Papers were drafted by

Madison, Hamilton, and Jay

Which state legislature sent no delegates to the Constitutional Convention?

Rhode Island

Which document proclaimed, "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not...expressly delegated to the United States"?

The Articles of Confederation

The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the states was

the omission of a bill of rights

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

checks and balances

Under the separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of

checks and balances

The original draft of the Declaration of Independence

condemned the king's support of the slave trade

Under the Constitution, the slave trade

could be ended after twenty years

A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) __________ clause.

elastic

Article I, Section 8 of the constitution articulates the principle of __________, granting Congress limited powers.

enumerated powers

The constitutional amendment process requires

extraordinary majorities

Shay's Rebellion consisted of

farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for debts and taxes owed

After the failure of the Articles of Confederation, the founders adopted a __________ form of government, strong enough to maintain order but not to dominate the states.

federal

Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

for life

The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was

judicial review

One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

left unspecified how many people might comprise the executive

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

legislative branch

Amendments to the constitution may be proposed by two-thirds votes in both the House and Senate or by a

national convention

According to John Locke, all legitimate political authority exists to preserve

natural rights

The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by

not mentioning it directly

An estimated __________ American colonists remained loyal to the British Crown.

one in five

Which of the following is NOT one of the political principles relied on by the founders?

one person, one vote

The chief goal of the drafters of the Articles of Confederation was to

protect states' rights

The three-fifths compromise resolved the issue of

representation of slaves

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it.

A republic is a government

resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives

The chief objective of the First Continental Congress was to

restore peaceful relations between the colonies and Great Britain

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

revise the Articles of Confederation

The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

separation of powers

The notion that governmental authority springs from the consent of the governed is derived from

social contract theory

The Daughters of Liberty opposed British rule by

spinning their own cloth and using colonial products rather than buying imported British products

Among the most undemocratic features of the U.S. Constitution is the

state equality rule

The Bill of Rights consists of the first __________ amendments to the Constitution.

ten

The original procedure for selecting the vice president, under the electoral college, was

that candidate with the next-greatest number of votes would become vice president

A major event that led to greater British taxation of American colonies was

the Seven Years' War

The plan presented at the Constitutional Convention generally favored by large states was

the Virginia Plan

One result of the Second Continental Congress was

the adoption of the Declaration of Independence.

Historian Jack Rakove argues that in the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was arguing for

the collective right of revolution and self-government

The main positive result of the Annapolis Convention was

a call for a larger meeting of the states, with a broader mission.

A confederation can BEST be described as

a loose association of independent states

Antifederalists attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that

the national government it created was too strong

The Great Compromise provided for

a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and population-based representation in the other

Including the Bill of Rights, __________ amendments have been added to the Constitution.

twenty-seven

According to Madison in Federalist No. 10, the most common and durable source of factions has been

unequal distribution of property

Article VI of the constitution contains provisions establishing

the supremacy clause and the no religious text clause

The primary contribution of the Federalist papers

their insight into the reasons for constitutional provisions

The __________ guarantees that citizens' right to vote cannot be denied "on account of sex."

Nineteenth Amendment

Which amendment does the text categorize as "disastrous"?

Eighteenth Amendment

The ________ Amendment protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

Eighth

Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

Federalists

The first fighting in the American Revolution happened in __________ in early 1775.

Massachusettes

Which document proclaimed, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights"?

The Declaration of Independence

Shay's Rebellion was ultimately defeated by

the Massachusetts militia

The Articles of Confederation failed because

they did not provide an effective means for the government to raise money, they did not include an independent leader to direct the government, and they did not give the government the power to regulate commerce

Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 each argue, from different angles, that the constitution combats

tyranny

To amend the Articles of Confederation required a(n)

unanimous vote of the Confederation Congress