Government Unit 1

In which type of government are citizens MOST able to participate?

democracy

A federal system of government is one which

divides powers between the state and national government with the national government being supreme or sovereign.

According to the philosophy of natural rights, a citizen is entitled to revolt against a government only when it attempts to take away the people's

inalienable rights.

"Life, liberty, and property" were considered by John Locke to be

natural rights

Which aspect of Canada's government indicates that it is a limited government?

It has elected representatives in the legislature

Which change came about as a result of the Magna Carta?

. It limited the power of the British monarch.

Use the lists below to answer the question. Characteristics of Two Countries, 2013 Country 1 • One recognized political party • President is chief of state and head of National Assembly • President elected by national assembly in 1993, no other elections held since that time Country 2 • Unified kingdom with two political parties • Monarch is Chief of State, Prime Minister is head of government • Regular legislative elections every five years Which statement is BEST supported by these lists?

Country 2 is more democratic because it holds regular elections

Which individual proposed the idea of the social contract?

John Locke

Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence describes the source of government's authority?

"Governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed."

On August 28th, 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. made his famous speech, "I Have a Dream." He told his listeners that it was time to end racism and segregation. He wanted justice for all. He wanted the United States to be a true democracy. Which idea from the Declaration of Independence BEST supports the speech?

All people have the right to life and liberty

Use the information in the table to answer the question. Dictatorship Democracy Leadership Power rests with a ruler or his/her appointees Power rests with the people and is exercised by elected representatives Authority Usually no constitution that restricts the government ? Human Rights Individual rights of the people are not protected Individual rights are respected and protected Which BEST completes the table?

Authority rests with the citizens

Which Enlightenment thinker believed that the people have the right to overthrow a tyrannical government?

John Locke

Which political philosopher's ideology MOST influenced Thomas Jefferson's draft of the Declaration of Independence?

John Locke

Which of the following events MOST helped to establish the concept of the rule of law?

King John I signed the Magna Carta in 1215.

The country of Turkey has a system of government in which the power of the Executive branch is vested in a cabinet made up of members of the Legislature, all of whom are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. This is describing what form of government?

Parliamentary Democracy

Which characteristic of the U.S. government is an indication that it is a limited government?

The decisions of the government are restrained by a constitution.

Which phrase from the excerpt is the basis for democratic government in the United States? That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. . . —Declaration of Independence, 1776

deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed

The Magna Carta ·The English Bill of Rights ·The Petition of Rights These documents have had a lasting impact on American democracy by providing a foundation for

the U.S. Constitution

1. All people, including rulers, are required to obey the law. 2. Binding documents are used to state laws and limitations. 3. A system of checks and balances protects from abuse. 4. It protects the rights of citizens. This list describes

the benefits of limited governments

Which European philosopher proposed that dividing the government into three branches would prevent any one person or group from gaining total control?

Baron de Montesquieu

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. . . . Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, —That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. —The Declaration of Independence, 1776 Based on this excerpt, which statement explains a basic belief of U.S. citizens?

Government leaders should be accountable to voters

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. No freeman is to be taken or imprisoned . . . or outlawed or exiled or in any way ruined, nor will we go against such a man or send against him save by lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land. To no-one will we sell or deny or delay right or justice. —Magna Carta, 1215 Which concept was established by the rights described in the excerpt?

trial by jury

According to John Locke, what was the primary purpose of government?

to protect natural rights of individuals

Use the list to answer the question. English Bill of Rights • Guaranteed British citizens the right to petition • Recognized a British citizen's right to protection from excessive bail • ? Which BEST completes the list?

Established that the British monarchy was subject to the law

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. That the inhabitants of the English colonies in North-America, by the immutable laws of nature, the principles of the English constitution, and the several charters or compacts, have the following RIGHTS: . . . That they are entitled to life, liberty and property: and they have never ceded to any foreign power whatever, a right to dispose of either without their consent. —Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress, 1774 In the Declaration of Independence, one of the rights listed in this excerpt was replaced with which of the following as an unalienable right?

pursuit of happiness

Use the list to answer the question. People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong • Ordered redistribution of land • Economy controlled by the government • Political critics sent to prison or out of country Which term BEST defines this type of government?

dictatorship

John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau all were

influences on the ideals that shaped American government.

In which system of government does the legislature elect the executive leader of the government?

parliamentary democracy

In contrast to the power of a dictator in an authoritarian government, democracies derive power from

registered voters.

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. When the legislative and executive . . . are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty; because apprehensions may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws . . . —Spirit of Laws, Baron de Montesquieu, 1748 Which U.S. constitutional principle was influenced by this idea?

separation of powers

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. . . . Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, —That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government . . . —The Declaration of Independence, 1776 This excerpt is based on which philosophical argument?

social contract theory

Which Enlightenment thinker directly influenced Thomas Jefferson's ideas about "right to revolution"?

John Locke

Read the passage and answer the question that follows. In July 1848, hundreds of reformers gathered in Seneca Falls, NY, in order to organize and act in support of women's rights. Participants included Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, and Frederick Douglass. They signed a Declaration of Sentiments that stated in part, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men and women are created equal . . . ." The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments illustrates the lasting impact of which of the following?

. the values expressed in the Declaration of Independence

Which would NOT typically happen in a country with a limited government?

A president eliminates regular elections.

Use the information in the table to answer the question. Dictatorship Oligarchy Democracy Theocracy Leadership Power rests with a ruler or his/her appointees Power rests with a small group of individuals Power rests with the people and is exercised by elected representatives Power rests with a recognized deity Authority Usually no constitution that restricts the government Government authority generally based upon wealth and power Representatives receive their authority from citizens through regular elections The laws of the deity are interpreted through religious leaders Human Rights Individual rights of the people are not protected Individual rights of the people are typically not protected Individual rights are protected by a constitution or agreedupon laws Individual rights are typically not protected Based on the information in the table, which would be considered a limited government?

Democracy

Which event BEST fulfills the principles expressed in this excerpt? We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. —U.S. Declaration of Independence

the Supreme Court decision overturning segregation during the 1950s

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. . . . when the government is dissolved, the people are at liberty to provide for themselves, by erecting a new legislative . . . as they shall find it most for their safety and good: for the society can never . . . lose the native and original right it has to preserve itself. . . . —Second Treatise from a Civil Government by John Locke, 1690 Which principle of the Declaration of Independence does this excerpt MOST directly reflect?

the concept that government should be created by the people and for the people

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. But constant experience shows us that every man invested with power is apt to abuse it. . . . To prevent this abuse, it is necessary from the very nature of things that power should be a check to power. . . . —from The Spirit of the Laws by Baron de Montesquieu, 1748 Which aspect of the U.S. Constitution reflects the influence of this excerpt?

the separation of the federal government into three branches